本文采用依赖温度的黏度结构以及考虑海洋板块和大陆板块厚度差异等特征,以太平洋板块向欧亚板块会聚速率作为板块速度的主要约束,通过变化海沟后撤速度模型,数值模拟西太平洋板块向中国东北的俯冲过程.结果表明,要产生类似于中国东北...本文采用依赖温度的黏度结构以及考虑海洋板块和大陆板块厚度差异等特征,以太平洋板块向欧亚板块会聚速率作为板块速度的主要约束,通过变化海沟后撤速度模型,数值模拟西太平洋板块向中国东北的俯冲过程.结果表明,要产生类似于中国东北之下低角度的板片俯冲,海沟后撤是重要条件;而上下地幔黏度的较大差异是决定俯冲板片不穿透660 km相变而的决定因素;西太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲应早于70 Ma B.P.,海沟后撤速度可能小于一些地质学家估计的45 mm/a,而且可能是分阶段变化的;速度场表明运动学模型的反过程:大陆岩石圈之下物质的不断水平向东的流动和推挤可能成为海沟后撤的力源之一,地幔物质的这种东向流动可能与印度板块挤压碰撞欧亚板块有关,沿欧亚板块东缘的扩张构造可能是太平洋欧亚板块运动和印度-欧亚板块运动的综合效应.展开更多
俯冲带可将地球表层碳输送至深部地幔,同时也记录着俯冲板片来源碳质流体的迁移沉淀机制,对地球深部碳循环具有重大影响。近年来,俯冲带脱碳机制的研究表明流体溶解脱碳作用是冷的大洋俯冲板片释放COH流体的重要方式,而上覆板块(尤其地...俯冲带可将地球表层碳输送至深部地幔,同时也记录着俯冲板片来源碳质流体的迁移沉淀机制,对地球深部碳循环具有重大影响。近年来,俯冲带脱碳机制的研究表明流体溶解脱碳作用是冷的大洋俯冲板片释放COH流体的重要方式,而上覆板块(尤其地幔楔)则被认为是缓冲这些COH流体的重要场所,甚至是俯冲带CO_2的唯一"归宿"。事实上,俯冲带岩石本身的固碳能力却受到了忽视,而对俯冲带岩石捕获和固存CO_2(carbon capture and storage,CCS)能力的评估对全球碳通量的估算尤为重要。本文以中国西南天山高压-超高压变质带中碳酸盐化云母片岩为例,探讨俯冲带岩石的碳酸盐化对深部碳循环的影响。西南天山长阿吾子一带的碳酸盐化云母片岩记录了俯冲板片起源的碳质流体对俯冲带云母片岩的交代作用,地球化学特征表明蛇纹岩释放的富水流体溶解俯冲洋壳中的碳酸盐可能是产生COH流体的重要机制。基于碳质流体对多硅白云母(Si(a.p.f.u.)=3.58~3.73)的交代及相对高压的碳酸盐矿物(主要为白云石和菱镁矿)与金红石的共生,结合区域上碳酸盐化云母片岩与高压碳酸盐化蛇纹岩(HP-ophidolomite)的伴生,我们认为云母片岩的碳酸盐化作用可能发生在俯冲板片峰期稍后的高压折返阶段。俯冲带云母片岩的固碳作用表明除了上覆板块,俯冲带岩石本身对于碳质流体也具有很好的吸收能力。初步估算表明俯冲带云母片岩的碳酸盐化每年可固存至少2.46~6.68Mt/yr,约占俯冲板片每年进碳量的4%~17%。展开更多
The article presents the results of study of composition, structure and properties of three genetic types of serpentinite, developed by chromite-bearing ultrabasic rocks, by metamorphic zones of carbonate rocks and wi...The article presents the results of study of composition, structure and properties of three genetic types of serpentinite, developed by chromite-bearing ultrabasic rocks, by metamorphic zones of carbonate rocks and within the zone of weathering of ultrabasic rocks. The samples were selected from deposits, located along the Main Ural Fault-the Paleozoic subduction zone (named GUR). Peculiarities of microstructure, chemical composition and properties of serpentinites formed in different geological conditions were investigated and their comparative study was held. They were devided three groups of serpentinites with oriented and non-oriented structure which formed by different protholites: mantle, lithosphere and crust.展开更多
文摘本文采用依赖温度的黏度结构以及考虑海洋板块和大陆板块厚度差异等特征,以太平洋板块向欧亚板块会聚速率作为板块速度的主要约束,通过变化海沟后撤速度模型,数值模拟西太平洋板块向中国东北的俯冲过程.结果表明,要产生类似于中国东北之下低角度的板片俯冲,海沟后撤是重要条件;而上下地幔黏度的较大差异是决定俯冲板片不穿透660 km相变而的决定因素;西太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲应早于70 Ma B.P.,海沟后撤速度可能小于一些地质学家估计的45 mm/a,而且可能是分阶段变化的;速度场表明运动学模型的反过程:大陆岩石圈之下物质的不断水平向东的流动和推挤可能成为海沟后撤的力源之一,地幔物质的这种东向流动可能与印度板块挤压碰撞欧亚板块有关,沿欧亚板块东缘的扩张构造可能是太平洋欧亚板块运动和印度-欧亚板块运动的综合效应.
文摘俯冲带可将地球表层碳输送至深部地幔,同时也记录着俯冲板片来源碳质流体的迁移沉淀机制,对地球深部碳循环具有重大影响。近年来,俯冲带脱碳机制的研究表明流体溶解脱碳作用是冷的大洋俯冲板片释放COH流体的重要方式,而上覆板块(尤其地幔楔)则被认为是缓冲这些COH流体的重要场所,甚至是俯冲带CO_2的唯一"归宿"。事实上,俯冲带岩石本身的固碳能力却受到了忽视,而对俯冲带岩石捕获和固存CO_2(carbon capture and storage,CCS)能力的评估对全球碳通量的估算尤为重要。本文以中国西南天山高压-超高压变质带中碳酸盐化云母片岩为例,探讨俯冲带岩石的碳酸盐化对深部碳循环的影响。西南天山长阿吾子一带的碳酸盐化云母片岩记录了俯冲板片起源的碳质流体对俯冲带云母片岩的交代作用,地球化学特征表明蛇纹岩释放的富水流体溶解俯冲洋壳中的碳酸盐可能是产生COH流体的重要机制。基于碳质流体对多硅白云母(Si(a.p.f.u.)=3.58~3.73)的交代及相对高压的碳酸盐矿物(主要为白云石和菱镁矿)与金红石的共生,结合区域上碳酸盐化云母片岩与高压碳酸盐化蛇纹岩(HP-ophidolomite)的伴生,我们认为云母片岩的碳酸盐化作用可能发生在俯冲板片峰期稍后的高压折返阶段。俯冲带云母片岩的固碳作用表明除了上覆板块,俯冲带岩石本身对于碳质流体也具有很好的吸收能力。初步估算表明俯冲带云母片岩的碳酸盐化每年可固存至少2.46~6.68Mt/yr,约占俯冲板片每年进碳量的4%~17%。
文摘The article presents the results of study of composition, structure and properties of three genetic types of serpentinite, developed by chromite-bearing ultrabasic rocks, by metamorphic zones of carbonate rocks and within the zone of weathering of ultrabasic rocks. The samples were selected from deposits, located along the Main Ural Fault-the Paleozoic subduction zone (named GUR). Peculiarities of microstructure, chemical composition and properties of serpentinites formed in different geological conditions were investigated and their comparative study was held. They were devided three groups of serpentinites with oriented and non-oriented structure which formed by different protholites: mantle, lithosphere and crust.