过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂的混储危险性研究

为评价过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂的混储危险性,测试了过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂的氧化性,并分别采用压力传感器法和差示扫描量热法测试了非氧化剂过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂与其他化学品的相容性。试验发现,过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂由于外壳的包覆作用,其氧化性下降,个别过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂不属氧化剂;但是通过相容性测试发现,过硫酸铵胶囊破胶剂与多数有机物质不相容。因此在储存过程中应与可燃物质以及还原剂等隔离。

基于快评技术优化原油混储比例

论述了原油快速评价技术在国内外的发展趋势及现状,并具体阐述了核磁共振、近红外光谱在原油快评技术中的应用,对比2种光谱形式的快评技术的优缺点,利用近红外快速评价技术优化原油混储比例,提高储罐使用效率。

番茄、青椒混储过程的硅窗气调保鲜

以粉红熟番茄、青椒为试材,采用硅窗气调、减压储藏和冷藏3种保鲜方式,研究硅窗气调对番茄、青椒混储生理生化品质的影响。结果表明:硅窗气调贮藏有利于番茄、青椒混储品质的保持,失重率的变化、色泽的变化、VC的降解、可滴定酸和可溶性固形物下降及膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的积累,均较其他两种贮藏方式缓慢;硅窗气调有利于番茄、青椒混储期品质的保持,延长其储藏期。

干湿混储小麦通风降水规律及其储藏品质变化研究

将水分为13.0%±0.3%与16.5±0.3%的小麦以上干下湿和上湿下干两种方式放置于模拟仓中。以上干下湿方式混储时采用压入式通风(风向自下而上),模拟仓中小麦可以在6 d降至安全水分(13%以下);以上湿下干方式混储时采用吸出式通风(风向自上而下),模拟仓中小麦在10 d内降至安全水分。通风前后两种放置方式下小麦的湿面筋含量与脂肪酸值均没有显著性差异,且色泽、气味与面筋吸水率均在宜存范围内。试验结果表明,机械通风降水可以有效降低小麦水分,保证小麦的长期安全储藏。

粮食混储工艺及混储机械的研究

将含有不同水分的粮食按合理配比混合储藏的新工艺,是一项成功的、科学的粮食保管技术。它与常规的现有的烘干设备直接烘干粮食的方法比较,具有减少粮食储存损失、避免粮食污染、降低烘干能耗等优点,但由于缺乏相应的配套设备,有的粮库只好在主要环节上靠简易设备自然混拌和采用人力手工操作。为此,黑龙江省农业机械化研究所的科技人员与哈尔滨市八区粮库的科技人员共同协作,研制出5LH-20型粮食混拌机、5XQL-20型清粮机及入仓分流器三种配套设备,使粮食混储基本实现了机械化。现将其试验研究情况简介如下,供同行们参考。

干混砂浆储料罐的恒压供水装置

介绍恒压供水装置，特别是干混砂浆储料罐的恒压供水装置。

国外危险化学品储存管理研究及启示

从对我国危险化学品储存管理现状的分析出发,研究对比了我国和国外在化学品储存管理方面的不同做法,提出我国化学品储存管理存在法律法规以及标准架构不完善,对小量储存、零售储存、运输前的中转储存以及废弃储存没有针对性的法律法规以及监管措施,缺乏混储禁配指导等问题,指出了补充完善化学品管理法律法规,对化学品从生产、使用、零售、中转以及废弃全生命环节制定相应的储存规定,加强各环节衔接之间的储存管理,引进或开发危险化学品混储指导软件,对提高我国化学品储存管理技术,促进化学品的储存安全监管具有重要现实意义。

基于综合需求响应的海岛式多能微网优化调度

为保障海岛式多能微网的高效运行,提出一种基于综合需求响应的海岛式多能微网优化调度模型。该模型利用多能网络的需求侧替代作用,配合激励型和价格型用户建立综合需求响应模型,结合电、氢、热多能网络的全可再生能源利用模式,建立了对外供能的开放式氢储能与热储能系统、光热发电系统、电网主动管理措施和可逆高温固态氧化物燃料电池等可控单元的数学模型,并将模型线性化处理为二阶锥优化模型,提高求解效率。通过算例验证了该模型的有效性,得出氢热混合储能不但可最大化发挥源侧的风、光、热互补特性,还可改善用户侧的综合需求响应效果,提高综合能源利用效率,使综合运行成本大幅降低。

Storage stability of SBS modified bitumen based on mixed-level orthogonal array design

The styrene-butadiene-styrene（SBS） modified bitumens with different contents of SBS modifiers are stored in different conditions to study the storage stability of SBS modified bitumen.Mixed-level orthogonal array design（OAD） is used and factors such as SBS modifier content,storage time,storage temperature and container size are chosen in a mixed-level OAD with an OA16（31×44） matrix.Parameters like the separation softening point difference（the separation difference of the ring and ball softening point of the top and bottom samples） and the average softening point（the arithmetic mean of the softening points of the top and bottom samples） are proposed to evaluate the separation and the ageing of modified bitumen during storage in this experiment,respectively.The results reveal that the separation and the ageing during storage exhibit a complicated variation for storage temperature and time.The separation softening point difference decreases with the storage temperature rising from 20 to 120 ℃ and increases with the temperature exceeding 120 ℃,and the average softening point drops with the storage time being prolonged.Different storage conditions have various effects on the storage stability of SBS modified bitumen.

Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics of Myristic and Stearic Acids Eutectic Mixture for Low Temperature Heating Applications

Stearic acid (67.83℃) and myristic acid (52.32℃) have high melting temperatures that can limit their use as phase change material (PCM) in low temperature solar heating applications such as solar space and greenhouse heating in regard to climatic requirements. However, their melting temperatures can be adjusted to a suitable value by preparing a eutectic mixture of the myristic acid (MA) and the stearic acid (SA). In the present study, the thermal analysis based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique shows that the mixture of myristic acid (MA) and stearic acid (SA) in the respective composition (by mass) of 64% and 36% forms a eutectic mixture having melting temperature of 44.13℃ and the latent heat of fusion of 182.4J·g-1. The thermal energy storage characteristics of the MA-SA eutectic mixture filled in the annulus of two concentric pipes were also experimentally established. The heat recovery rate and heat charging/discharging fractions were determined with respect to the change in the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of heat transfer fluid. Based on the results obtained by DSC analysis and by the heat charg- ing/discharging processes of the PCM, it can be concluded that the MA-SA eutectic mixture is a potential material for low temperature thermal energy storage applications in terms of its thermo-physical and thermal characteristics.

A hybrid storage technology for low power consumption and high I/O performance in an IPTV set-top box

A new method of prefetching data blocks from the NVCache to the page cache in main memory and cascading prefetching n-blocks from a hard disk to the NVCache together was proposed to reduce the spin-up frequency of a hybrid hard disk drive and thus enhance I/O performance.The proposed method consists of three steps:1) Analyzing the pattern of read requests in block units;2) Determining the number of blocks prefetched to the NVCache;3) Replacing blocks in the NVCache according to the block replacement policy.The proposed method can reduce the latency time of a hybrid hard disk and optimize the power consumption of an IPTV set-top box.Experimental results show that the proposed method provides better average response time compared to an existing adaptive multistream prefetching(AMP) method by 25.17%.It also reduces by 20.83% the average power consumption over that of the existing external caching in energy saving storage system(EXCES) method.

Rheological properties of polyvinyl butyral/Pluronic F127/PEG200 blend systems

The influence of temperature and mass fraction of Pluonic F127 on the rheological properties of polyvinyl butyric （PVB）/Pluronic F127/polyethylene glycol （PEG） 200 blend systems was investigated by a rotational rheometer with parallel plates. The results show that the blend systems approach homogeneous state at 140, 150 and 160℃while the rheological properties of the blend systems significantly deviate from the homogeneous systems at 120℃. Shear thinning behavior is observed for all the blend systems at different temperatures and is enhanced by increasing Pluronic F127 content. The complex viscosity, storage modulus, loss modulus, zero-shear activation energy and flow recovery of the blend systems increase with the increase of Pluronic F127 content. There is a crossing point for the loss modulus and the storage modulus of each sample at high frequency, which is called specified frequency （SF）. The loss modulus is larger than the storage modulus when the frequency is less than the SF, and when frequency is more than SF, the loss modulus is smaller than the storage modulus.

Effect of thermal storage performance of concrete radiant cooling room on indoor temperature

A building model with radiant cooling system was established and the cooling load, indoor temperature, surface temperature of the wails and other parameters in non-cooling and radiant cooling room were calculated by TRNSYS. The comparative analysis of the characteristics of attenuation and delay proves that the operation of radiant cooling system increases the degree of temperature attenuation of the room and reduces the inner surface temperature of the wall significantly, but has little effect on the attenuation coefficient and delay time of wall heat transfer. The simulation results also show that the inner surface temperature of the walls in the radiant cooling room is much lower than that in non-cooling room in the day with the maximum cooling load, which reduces the indoor operation temperature largely, and improves the thermal comfort. Finally, according to the analysis of indoor temperature of the rooms with different operation schedules of cooling system, it can be derived that the indoor mean temperature changes with the working time of radiant cooling system, and the operation schedule can be adjusted in practice according to the actual indoor temperature to achieve the integration of energy efficiency and thermal comfort.

Recycling of Crushed Demolished Concrete in Structures

Most important problems arising from industrial and technological developments are abundance and harmful effects of post-productive wastes. In most of the developed countries, these effects are avoided by orderly storing methods. Storing the wastes in random stacks in the site, and their effect on wide areas gives a rise to the risk of ground, air and under water pollution e.g., pollution of the surrounding environments. Therefore, in most engineering branches, effects and nature of harmful wastes are investigated and solution methods are developed. When structures made of concrete are to be demolished. Concrete recycling is an increasingly common method of disposing of the rubble. Concrete debris was once routinely shipped to landfills for disposal, but recycling has a number of benefits that have been made it a more attractive option in this age of greater environmental awareness, more environmental lows, and the desire to keep constant costs down. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of using demolished concrete as a reproducible coarse aggregate in fabricating normal and high strength concrete mixes. The effect of constituent materials in general and the recycled coarse aggregate in particular on the mechanical performance of the produced concrete mixes is investigated. The characteristics of using the by-pass product of cement industry as cementitious material in recycled concrete mixes with a percentage of 50% as a replacement of cement content is investigated too. Test results presented in this research leads to the promising use of crushed demolished concrete along with the by-pass product of cement as waste materials in producing concrete mixes as well as the optimistic results in enhancing the strength properties of plain concrete beside their benefits of the cost savings and reducing environmental impact.

Limiting Use of Potential Energy Storage Compared to Batteries for a Lebanese Hybrid Wind/PV System

In l,ebanon, hybrid wind/PV systems are used to provide electricity when the public electricity is cut off This paper treats the storage problems of electrical energy generated by the used renewable sources. A theoretical study on two types of electrical energy storage systems is given. These systems are the electrochemical energy storage devices （batteries） and the potential （or hydraulic） energy storage system. In order to find the limiting case of use between these two energy storage systems, economical study and comparison between them are discussed and analyzed.

Multilevel Modular DCIDC Converter for Regenerative Braking Using Supercapacitors

Regenerative braking is presented in many electric traction applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, lifts and railway. The regenerated energy can be stored for future use, increasing the efficiency of the system. This paper outlines the benefits of the MMC （modular multilevel converter） in front of the cascaded or series connection of converters to achieve high voltage from low voltage storage elements such as supercapacitors. The paper compares three different solutions and shows that the MMC can benefit from weight and volume reduction of the output inductance when shifted switching modulation strategy is used. Using this modulation strategy, not only the output frequency is increased, but also the magnitude of the inductor applied voltage is reduced, reducing inductor size and volume.

High Voltage Pulse Power and the Technics for the Capacitor Power-Storage Type

Lower hybrid wave （LHW）, electro cyclotron （EC） and neutral beam injection （NBI） etc. are the important methods of auxiliary heating. They would be devoted to the HL-2A tokamak step by step. In order to satisfy the debug of each system and the need of the experiment, the system should be equipped with high voltage pulse power （HVPP） according to the requirement.

Deformation Analysis of LRC Underground Gas Storage

The risk during construction and in the operation of the underground gas storage （UGS） was analyzed. One of most important risk which should be prevented is large deformation or destruction of the steel lining. The specific deformation of the steel lining needs to be inside the acceptable value. This paper presents lined rock cavern （LRC） concept and specific deformations, which can occur under operation of underground gas storage. Analysis is performed with different （3D model and axis symmetrical） FEM models and analytical model. We made a comparison between analytical calculation and FEM calculation. Concrete wall is mechanically not regarded as reinforced concrete structure which means that concrete will crack. Finally, we determined the minimum value of Young＇s modulus, which satisfies the condition of maximum deformation of steel lining.

Improving Kinetic Energy Storage for Vehicles through the Combination of Rolling Element and Active Magnetic Bearing

The demand for short term energy storage providing high power for electric and hybrid-electric vehicles is increasing drastically. Stationary FESS （flywheel energy storage systems） is established as UPS （uninterruptible power supply） and represent an emerging market. In contrast, mobile FESSs are currently only used in a few application, e.g., in motor sports. To enable a wider use in personal and public transportation the life-span of the flywheel＇s bearings needs to be increased significantly. This paper presents an alternative approach to extend the lifespan of the flywheel＇s bearings significantly by using a CREAMB （combination of rolling element and active magnetic bearings）.

ONFS： a hierarchical hybrid file system based on memory, SSD, and HDD for high performance computers

With supercomputers developing towards exascale, the number of compute cores increases dramatically, making more complex and larger-scale applications possible. The input/output （I/O） requirements of large-scale applications, workflow applications, and their checkpointing include substantial bandwidth and an extremely low latency, posing a serious challenge to high performance computing （HPC） storage systems. Current hard disk drive （HDD） based underlying storage systems are becoming more and more incompetent to meet the requirements of next-generation exascale supercomputers. To rise to the challenge, we propose a hierarchical hybrid storage system, on-line and near-line file system （ONFS）. It leverages dynamic random access memory （DRAM） and solid state drive （SSD） in compute nodes, and HDD in storage servers to build a three-level storage system in a unified namespace. It supports portable operating system interface （POSIX） semantics, and provides high bandwidth, low latency, and huge storage capacity. In this paper, we present the technical details on distributed metadata management, the strategy of memory borrow and return, data consistency, parallel access control, and mechanisms guiding downward and upward migration in ONFS. We implement an ONFS prototype on the TH-1A supercomputer, and conduct experiments to test its I/O performance and scalability. The results show that the bandwidths of single-thread and multi-thread ＇read＇/＇write＇ are 6-fold and 5-fold better than HDD-based Lustre, respectively. The I/O bandwidth of data-intensive applications in ONFS can be 6.35 timcs that in Lustre.