Demulsification of emulsified water-in-oil droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence materials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirred-column and packed-column. Among the four ...Demulsification of emulsified water-in-oil droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence materials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirred-column and packed-column. Among the four kinds of natural fibers and two kinds of inorganic materials tested, natural fiber A, originated from wood shavings was found to give the best performance of demulsification. The demulsification efficiency can exceed 96.5% when demulsification conditions are optimized. The packed-column showed much better performance both in terms of demulsification efficiency and repeated use of the recovered oil phase for extracting cadmium in simulated wastewater. Operating variables governing the demulsification efficiency were investigated.展开更多
A major component rice variety of Xiangwanxian 9 (a late Indica variety) with 13.1%, 15.6% and 18. 3% of the moisture was respectively mixed with three ad-ditive varieties in 13% of moisture at ration of 7:3 for proce...A major component rice variety of Xiangwanxian 9 (a late Indica variety) with 13.1%, 15.6% and 18. 3% of the moisture was respectively mixed with three ad-ditive varieties in 13% of moisture at ration of 7:3 for processing assorted rices. Head rice recovery of the treatments was determined 24 hours later. Analysis indicated sig-nificant differences exist in the effects produced by the component varieties, their moistures and the component variety moisture.展开更多
In metallurgical processes, more and more usage of hydrocarbons is encouraged to bring down the carbon emissions. In this regard, numerous investigations on reduction of oxides by C-O-H-N gas mixture have been reporte...In metallurgical processes, more and more usage of hydrocarbons is encouraged to bring down the carbon emissions. In this regard, numerous investigations on reduction of oxides by C-O-H-N gas mixture have been reported. Attempts to simulate these reduction processes using shrinking core model, one of the common models used for such studies, have under predicted the reduction rates. This may be owing to the fact that the homogeneous reaction in the gas phase is not being considered. If the reaction temperatures are above 1,000 K, generally so for many reduction processes, the homogeneous gas reaction rates are expected to be high enough that local equilibrium in the gas phase can be assumed. In the present study, reduction of wustite in a C-O-H-N gas mixture has been modeled using shrinking core model considering the water gas shift equilibrium in the gas while it diffuses through the product layer.展开更多
In situ observations and numerical simulations of turbulence are essential to understanding vertical mixing processes and their dynamical controls on both physical and biogeochemical processes in coastal embayments. U...In situ observations and numerical simulations of turbulence are essential to understanding vertical mixing processes and their dynamical controls on both physical and biogeochemical processes in coastal embayments. Using in situ data collected by bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) and a free-falling microstructure profiler, as well as numerical simulations with a second-moment turbulence closure model, we studied turbulence and mixing in the Xiamen Bay, a freshwater-influenced tidal bay located at the west coast of the Taiwan Strait. Dynamically, the bay is driven predominantly by the M2 tide, and it is under a significant influence of the freshwater discharged from the Jiulong River. It is found that turbulence quantities such as the production and dissipation rates of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) were all subject to significant tidal variations, with a pronounced ebb-flood asymmetry. Turbulence was stronger during flood than ebb. During the flooding period, the whole water column was nearly well mixed with the depth-averaged TKE production rate and vertical eddy viscosity being up to 5?10?6 W kg?1 and 2?10?2 m2 s?1, respectively. In contrast, during the ebb strong turbulence was confined only to a 5?8 m thick bottom boundary layer, where turbulence intensity generally decreases with distance from the seafloor. Diagnosis of the potential energy anomaly showed that the ebb-flood asymmetry in turbulent dissipation and mixing was due mainly to tidal straining process as a result of the interaction between vertically shared tidal currents and horizontal density gradients. The role of vertical mixing in generating the asymmetry was secondary. A direct comparison of the modeled and observed turbulence quantities confirmed the applicability of the second-moment turbulence closure scheme in modeling turbulent processes in this weakly stratified tidally energetic environment, but also pointed out the necessity of further refinements of the model.展开更多
文摘Demulsification of emulsified water-in-oil droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence materials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirred-column and packed-column. Among the four kinds of natural fibers and two kinds of inorganic materials tested, natural fiber A, originated from wood shavings was found to give the best performance of demulsification. The demulsification efficiency can exceed 96.5% when demulsification conditions are optimized. The packed-column showed much better performance both in terms of demulsification efficiency and repeated use of the recovered oil phase for extracting cadmium in simulated wastewater. Operating variables governing the demulsification efficiency were investigated.
文摘A major component rice variety of Xiangwanxian 9 (a late Indica variety) with 13.1%, 15.6% and 18. 3% of the moisture was respectively mixed with three ad-ditive varieties in 13% of moisture at ration of 7:3 for processing assorted rices. Head rice recovery of the treatments was determined 24 hours later. Analysis indicated sig-nificant differences exist in the effects produced by the component varieties, their moistures and the component variety moisture.
文摘In metallurgical processes, more and more usage of hydrocarbons is encouraged to bring down the carbon emissions. In this regard, numerous investigations on reduction of oxides by C-O-H-N gas mixture have been reported. Attempts to simulate these reduction processes using shrinking core model, one of the common models used for such studies, have under predicted the reduction rates. This may be owing to the fact that the homogeneous reaction in the gas phase is not being considered. If the reaction temperatures are above 1,000 K, generally so for many reduction processes, the homogeneous gas reaction rates are expected to be high enough that local equilibrium in the gas phase can be assumed. In the present study, reduction of wustite in a C-O-H-N gas mixture has been modeled using shrinking core model considering the water gas shift equilibrium in the gas while it diffuses through the product layer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41006017,41476006)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2015J06010)
文摘In situ observations and numerical simulations of turbulence are essential to understanding vertical mixing processes and their dynamical controls on both physical and biogeochemical processes in coastal embayments. Using in situ data collected by bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) and a free-falling microstructure profiler, as well as numerical simulations with a second-moment turbulence closure model, we studied turbulence and mixing in the Xiamen Bay, a freshwater-influenced tidal bay located at the west coast of the Taiwan Strait. Dynamically, the bay is driven predominantly by the M2 tide, and it is under a significant influence of the freshwater discharged from the Jiulong River. It is found that turbulence quantities such as the production and dissipation rates of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) were all subject to significant tidal variations, with a pronounced ebb-flood asymmetry. Turbulence was stronger during flood than ebb. During the flooding period, the whole water column was nearly well mixed with the depth-averaged TKE production rate and vertical eddy viscosity being up to 5?10?6 W kg?1 and 2?10?2 m2 s?1, respectively. In contrast, during the ebb strong turbulence was confined only to a 5?8 m thick bottom boundary layer, where turbulence intensity generally decreases with distance from the seafloor. Diagnosis of the potential energy anomaly showed that the ebb-flood asymmetry in turbulent dissipation and mixing was due mainly to tidal straining process as a result of the interaction between vertically shared tidal currents and horizontal density gradients. The role of vertical mixing in generating the asymmetry was secondary. A direct comparison of the modeled and observed turbulence quantities confirmed the applicability of the second-moment turbulence closure scheme in modeling turbulent processes in this weakly stratified tidally energetic environment, but also pointed out the necessity of further refinements of the model.
