In this work it presents a strategy to obtain the ozone solubility in water by gradient step method. In this methodology, the ozone in mixture with oxygen is bubbling in a reactor with distilled water at 21℃ and pH 7...In this work it presents a strategy to obtain the ozone solubility in water by gradient step method. In this methodology, the ozone in mixture with oxygen is bubbling in a reactor with distilled water at 21℃ and pH 7. The ozone concentration on gas phase is continually increased after the saturation is reached. The method proposed is faster than conventional method （isocratic method）. The solubility from the gradient method is compared with that values obtained from correlations founded in the literature.展开更多
Waste plastics mainly come from MSW and usually exist in the form of mixed plastics. During the co-pyrolysis process of mixed plastics, various plastic components have different physicochemical properties and reaction...Waste plastics mainly come from MSW and usually exist in the form of mixed plastics. During the co-pyrolysis process of mixed plastics, various plastic components have different physicochemical properties and reaction mechanisms. Considering the high viscosity and low thermal conductivity of molten plastics, a falling film pyrolysis reactor was selected to explore the rapid co-pyrolysis process of typical plastic components(PP, PE and PS).The oil and gas yields and the compositions of pyrolysis products of the three components under different ratios at pyrolysis temperatures were analyzed to explore the co-pyrolysis characteristics of PP, PE, and PS. The study is of great significance to the recycling of waste plastics.展开更多
Anaerobic granular sludge is of key importance for highly effective operation of hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor(HABR).An observation and analysis on the composition of anaerobic granular sludge in each separation co...Anaerobic granular sludge is of key importance for highly effective operation of hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor(HABR).An observation and analysis on the composition of anaerobic granular sludge in each separation compartment of HABR was conducted by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and molecular biotechnology,and specific methanogenic activity(SMA)and coenzyme F420 content were determined.It was indicated that the disparity of microbial composition was significant among these separation compartments of HABR,and the HABR encouraged phase separation.The results show the understanding of microbiological characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge in HABR is helpful for cultivating granular sludge,which ensures the effective operation of the reactor.展开更多
A novel corona inducing dielectric barrier discharge(CIDBD) and catalyst hybrid reactor was developed for reforming methane. This corona inducing technique allows dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) to occur uniformly i...A novel corona inducing dielectric barrier discharge(CIDBD) and catalyst hybrid reactor was developed for reforming methane. This corona inducing technique allows dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) to occur uniformly in a large gap at relatively low applied voltage.Hydrogen production by reforming methane with steam and air was investigated with the hybrid reactor under atmospheric pressure and temperatures below 600°C.The effects of input power,O2/C molar ratio and preheat temperature on methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity were investigated experimentally.It was found that higher methane conversions were obtained at higher discharge power,and methane conversion increased significantly with input power less than 50 W;the optimized molar ratio of O2/C was 0.6 to obtain the highest hydrogen selectivity(112%);under the synergy of dielectric barrier discharge and catalyst,methane conversion was close to the thermodynamic equilibrium conversion rate.展开更多
In nuclear reactor fuel assemblies, spacer grids are installed among the rod bundles to support the fuel rods and affect the flow field between rods. Mixing vanes, as a swirling device, are set on the upper apex of th...In nuclear reactor fuel assemblies, spacer grids are installed among the rod bundles to support the fuel rods and affect the flow field between rods. Mixing vanes, as a swirling device, are set on the upper apex of the spacer grid. Vortexes produced by mixing vanes move along the axial direction in subchannels and enhance the forced convection heat transfer between the rods and cooling-fluid medium. In this paper, a numerical simulation method was used to investigate vortex motion produced by typical AFA-3G spacer grids in a 5×5-rod bundle by Star-CCM+ software. The shear-stress transport k-ω model was used to simulate turbulence phenomena. A dimensionless parameter, Se, based on the absolute vorticity flux, was reported to specify the intensity of secondary flow. Its physical meaning is the ratio of inertial force to viscous force induced by secondary flow. The results are helpful to take advantage of spacer grids in a much more effective way in pressurized water reactors.展开更多
文摘In this work it presents a strategy to obtain the ozone solubility in water by gradient step method. In this methodology, the ozone in mixture with oxygen is bubbling in a reactor with distilled water at 21℃ and pH 7. The ozone concentration on gas phase is continually increased after the saturation is reached. The method proposed is faster than conventional method （isocratic method）. The solubility from the gradient method is compared with that values obtained from correlations founded in the literature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51503154,51776141)Major Projects of China Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology(2017ZX07202005)
文摘Waste plastics mainly come from MSW and usually exist in the form of mixed plastics. During the co-pyrolysis process of mixed plastics, various plastic components have different physicochemical properties and reaction mechanisms. Considering the high viscosity and low thermal conductivity of molten plastics, a falling film pyrolysis reactor was selected to explore the rapid co-pyrolysis process of typical plastic components(PP, PE and PS).The oil and gas yields and the compositions of pyrolysis products of the three components under different ratios at pyrolysis temperatures were analyzed to explore the co-pyrolysis characteristics of PP, PE, and PS. The study is of great significance to the recycling of waste plastics.
基金Innovation Foundation of Donghua University for PhD Candidates,China(No.BC200828)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(No.B064)
文摘Anaerobic granular sludge is of key importance for highly effective operation of hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor(HABR).An observation and analysis on the composition of anaerobic granular sludge in each separation compartment of HABR was conducted by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and molecular biotechnology,and specific methanogenic activity(SMA)and coenzyme F420 content were determined.It was indicated that the disparity of microbial composition was significant among these separation compartments of HABR,and the HABR encouraged phase separation.The results show the understanding of microbiological characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge in HABR is helpful for cultivating granular sludge,which ensures the effective operation of the reactor.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2007AA05Z105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50876101 and 51006095)
文摘A novel corona inducing dielectric barrier discharge(CIDBD) and catalyst hybrid reactor was developed for reforming methane. This corona inducing technique allows dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) to occur uniformly in a large gap at relatively low applied voltage.Hydrogen production by reforming methane with steam and air was investigated with the hybrid reactor under atmospheric pressure and temperatures below 600°C.The effects of input power,O2/C molar ratio and preheat temperature on methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity were investigated experimentally.It was found that higher methane conversions were obtained at higher discharge power,and methane conversion increased significantly with input power less than 50 W;the optimized molar ratio of O2/C was 0.6 to obtain the highest hydrogen selectivity(112%);under the synergy of dielectric barrier discharge and catalyst,methane conversion was close to the thermodynamic equilibrium conversion rate.
文摘In nuclear reactor fuel assemblies, spacer grids are installed among the rod bundles to support the fuel rods and affect the flow field between rods. Mixing vanes, as a swirling device, are set on the upper apex of the spacer grid. Vortexes produced by mixing vanes move along the axial direction in subchannels and enhance the forced convection heat transfer between the rods and cooling-fluid medium. In this paper, a numerical simulation method was used to investigate vortex motion produced by typical AFA-3G spacer grids in a 5×5-rod bundle by Star-CCM+ software. The shear-stress transport k-ω model was used to simulate turbulence phenomena. A dimensionless parameter, Se, based on the absolute vorticity flux, was reported to specify the intensity of secondary flow. Its physical meaning is the ratio of inertial force to viscous force induced by secondary flow. The results are helpful to take advantage of spacer grids in a much more effective way in pressurized water reactors.
