变刚度混合型有限元

介绍了一般弹性体变比例混合能量型变分原理。该变分原理的特点是其泛函中包含一个被称为分裂因子的参数,通过改变分裂因子的值可以调整泛函中位能和余能的比例,以该泛函为基础建立了变刚度混合型有限元模型。研究了选择分裂因子的方法,讨论了降低刚度矩阵的条件数、改善解的精度以及克服病态问题的方法。最后,从理论上分析了其能够克服各类有限元病态问题的机理。

一种混合型厚薄通用四边形板单元

据Reissner假定,运用广义变分原理,以节点的位移和弯矩、扭矩为基本未知量,构造了一种混合型板单元。该元既可用于分析需考虑剪切效应的中厚板,又可用于分析不计剪切效应的薄板,同时还可解决带有文克尔地基与变温作用的问题。例题计算表明:该元收敛快且内力与位移均有较高精度。

分数阶扩散方程的混合元预处理方法

通过引入通量p=-K(x)Du作为中间变量,提出了对变系数的时空分数阶扩散问题的全离散混合型有限元方法,证明了全离散混合型线性有限元解的存在唯一性.进一步,为克服有限元方程组中由分数阶算子的非局部性所导致的计算量和存储量显著增加等困难,构造了由循环矩阵表达的预处理子,从而,形成了一种预条件稳定的双共轭梯度算法.较传统的Guass消去法和双共轭梯度方法,新的算法明显降低了迭代次数,缩短了计算时间.

Computational Fracture Analysis of an AFM-Specimen under Mixed Mode Loading Conditions

Fracture processes in ship-building structures are in many cases of a 3-D character. A finite element （FE） model of an all fracture mode （AFM） specimen was built for the study of 3-D mixed mode crack fracture behavior including modes Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. The stress intensity factors （SIFs） were calculated by the modified virtual crack closure integral （MVCCI） method, and the crack initiation angle assessment was based on a recently developed 3-D fracture criterion--the Richard criterion. It was shown that the FE model of the AFM-specimen is applicable for investigations under general mixed mode loading conditions, and the computational results of crack initiation angles are in agreement with some available experimental findings. Thus, the applicability of the FE model of the AFM-specimen for mixed mode loading conditions and the validity of the Richard criterion can be demonstrated.

Direct Assessment of Interlaminar Stresses in Composite Multilayered Plates Using a Layer-Wise Mixed Finite Element Model

An accurate determination of intedaminar transversal stresses in composite multilayered plates, especially near free-edge, is of great importance in the study of inter-ply damage modes, mainly in the initiation and growth of delamination. In this paper, interlaminar stresses are determined by layer-wise mixed finite element model. Each layer is analyzed as an isolated one where the displacement continuity is ensured by means of Lagrange multipliers （which represent the statics variables）. This procedure allows the authors to work with any single plate model, obtaining the interlaminar stresses directly without loss of precision. The FSDT （first shear deformation theory） with transverse normal strain effects included is assumed in each layer, but Lagrange polynomials are used to describe the kinematic instead of Taylor＇s polynomial functions of the thickness coordinates, as is common. This expansion allows the authors to pose the interlaminar displacements compatibility simpler than the second one. The in-plane domain of the plate is discretized by four-node quadrilateral elements, both to the field of displacement and to the Lagrange multipliers. The mixed interpolation of tensorial components technique is applied to avoid the shear-locking in the finite element model. Several examples were carried out and the results have been satisfactorily compared with those available in the literature.

An H^1-Galerkin Nonconforming Mixed Finite Element Method for Integro-Differential Equation of Parabolic Type

H1-Galerkin nonconforming mixed finite element methods are analyzed for integro-differential equation of parabolic type.By use of the typical characteristic of the elements,we obtain that the Galerkin mixed approximations have the same rates of convergence as in the classical mixed method,but without LBB stability condition.

Arch-dam crack deformation monitoring hybrid model based on XFEM

An extended finite element method incorporated with the cohesive crack model(CCM-based XFEM) is developed in consideration of crack tip enrichment.It could improve the accuracy and is introduced into dam safety monitoring for the first time.Firstly,the proposed method is verified for a benchmark concrete beam by comparing the results with those of numerical investigations obtained by other researchers.Furthermore,it is adopted as an alternative method for building the deformation hybrid models of non-stable cracks in an arc dam,for the reason that classical FEMs are cumbersome in modeling the cohesive crack growth due to the need of remeshing the moving discontinuities.Case study proves that the fitted results of the mentioned deformation hybrid model,better than the classical statistical model,are well consistent with the measured data and reliable to forecast the development tendency of crack deformation.Therefore,the present CCM-based XFEM could provide a practical way to simulate and monitor the cracking process in concrete arch dam.

Optimization design of an interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine for a hybrid hydraulic excavator

A hybrid power transmission system （HPTS） is a promising way to save energy in a hydraulic excavator and the electric machine is one of the key components of the system. In this paper, a design process for permanent-magnet synchronous machines （PMSMs） in a hybrid hydraulic excavator （HHE） is presented based on the analysis of the working conditions and requirements of an HHE. A parameterized design approach, which combines the analytical model and the 2D finite element method （FEM）, is applied to the electric machine to improve the design efficiency and accuracy. The analytical model is employed to optimize the electric machine efficiency and obtain the statordimension and flux density distribution. The rotor is designed with the FEM to satisfy the flux requirements obtained in stator design. The rotor configuration of the PMSM employs an interior magnet structure, thus resulting in some inverse saliency, which allows for much higher values in magnetic flux density. To reduce the rotor leakage, a disconnected type silicon steel block structure is adopted. To improve the air gap flux density distribution, the trapezoid permanent magnet （PM） and centrifugal rotor structure are applied to PMSM. Demagnetization and armature reactions are also taken into consideration and calculated by the FEM. A prototype of the newly designed electric machine has been fabri- cated and tested on the experimental platform. The analytical design results are validated by measurements.