大流量单混合孔Y型喷嘴的雾化特性

对大流量单混合孔Y型喷嘴的雾化性能进行了实验研究,分析了其流量特性以及气耗率对雾化粒径的影响。结果表明,单混合孔Y型喷嘴设计流量能够达到1000kg/h以上,且具有较细的雾化粒径;在气压一定时,随着水压的增大其水流量增大,气耗率减小;气耗率对雾化粒径的影响较明显,但当粒径减小到一定程度后,继续增大气耗率对雾化粒径的影响不明显;单水孔与多水孔Y型喷嘴的雾化性能无明显差别;改进的Y型喷嘴液膜随机破碎模型可较好地用于大流量单混合孔Y型喷嘴雾化粒径的预报。

混合孔缝箱体屏蔽效能电磁拓扑分析方法

武器产生的电磁脉冲会通过＂前、后门＂耦合效应对箱体内部电子元器件及电路板造成毁伤,严重威胁到电气电子设备的安全运行。为此,必须对箱体电磁屏蔽效能（SE）进行分析研究。基于Robinson等效电路模型,提出了一种估算混合孔缝箱体屏蔽效能的电磁拓扑理论（EMT）方法。以孔缝散射参数为基础,建立了箱体外部场和内部场的BLT方程,解决了孔缝耦合问题;通过引入偏心系数对孔缝等效阻抗进行修正,实现了对偏心孔缝箱体的屏蔽效能分析;基于电磁波相干原理,将混合孔缝箱体的内部场分解成偏心单孔和偏心孔阵箱体内部场,从而实现了对混合孔缝箱体的屏蔽效能分析。基于CST仿真数据,在0～1.5 GHz频域内,对Robinson、Parisa Dehkhoda和EMT算法结果进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,EMT算法的最小误差均值为3.227 2 dB,最大误差均值为5.467 5dB,其计算精度较高。EMT算法的运行时间是CST仿真软件的1/23,比Robinson、Parisa Dehkhoda算法的运行时间长,但仍保持了较高的计算效率。该算法建立了箱体、孔逢参数与屏蔽系数间的直接映射关系,比CST仿真软件更适用于工程实践。

建筑铝合金硫酸-苹果酸阳极氧化及混合溶液封孔

选用建筑领域常用的5052铝合金作为基材,在硫酸-苹果酸电解液中进行阳极氧化,确定了电解液中苹果酸的最佳浓度。为进一步提高阳极氧化膜的耐蚀性,分别浸在沸腾去离子水、钛盐溶液、铈盐溶液以及钛盐与铈盐混合溶液中封孔处理。结果表明:当电解液中苹果酸浓度为50 g/L时,阳极氧化膜的致密性最好(孔洞面积比为6.6%),腐蚀电流密度仅为2.47×10^(-6) A/cm^(2),与不添加苹果酸时制备的阳极氧化膜相比降低了一个数量级,与5052铝合金相比降低了两个数量级,表现出良好的耐蚀性。在不同溶液中封孔后阳极氧化膜的微观形貌发生显著变化,孔洞明显减少,耐蚀性进一步提高,尤其在钛盐与铈盐混合溶液中封孔后阳极氧化膜表现出更好的耐蚀性,腐蚀电流密度降低到4.42×10^(-7) A/cm^(2)。但封孔起不到明显的强化作用和提高阳极氧化膜抵抗塑性变形的能力,对阳极氧化膜的硬度和耐磨性没有显著性影响。

孔板混合流消能研究

在软基低堰掺气窄缝戽流消能研究基础上，提出一种新型消能工——孔板混合流消能工。试验结果表明：孔板混合流的下游冲刷深度平均减少50％，涌浪高度降低70％，从而减轻对下游及两岸的冲刷，减少了工程量。

新型带孔销钉混合段及其分布混合性能

介绍了一种国外开发的用于改善单螺杆挤出机混合性能的新型带孔 (或带槽 )销钉混合段 ,与常规销钉混合段相比 ,其混合能力强 ,熔体温升低 ;当销钉间的轴向距离在 11-14mm之间时 ,有效地加强了熔体的周向流动 。

GH4169高温合金混合等离子体深孔加工试验研究

GH4169高温合金深孔零件广泛应用于航空、航天领域,利用传统钻削方法加工GH4169高温合金深孔存在刀具磨损严重、切削热大、切削效率低等问题。混合等离子体加工属于特种加工方式的一种,具有零切削力、加工效率高的特点,把混合等离子体加工运用于GH4169高温合金的深孔加工中,可以解决GH4169高温合金的深孔难加工问题。利用混合等离子体对GH4169高温合金进行深孔加工时,峰值电流、主轴转速和电极进给速度是重要影响因素,表面质量和材料去除率是衡量加工效果的性能指标。利用控制单因素和正交试验的方法进行验证,将得到的试验数据运用极值法和灰色关联度进行分析,得到最佳试验参数组合:峰值电流25A、主轴转速75rad/min、电极进给速度0.45mm/min,测得的材料去除率为158.65mm3/min,表面粗糙度为1.9μm,其加工效率相比于GH4169的钻削深孔加工具有较大的提高。

混合超微孔材料中CO2/N2吸附与分离的理论研究

碳捕获与封存技术是一种具有前景的CO2减排策略。本工作采用巨正则蒙特卡洛模拟研究了温度为298 K、压强在0~5 k Pa范围内三种混合超微孔材料SIFSIX-X-Cu(以SiF62–排列, Cu为金属中心, X=2, 3, O)中CO2/N2吸附与分离的行为。结果显示,相比于SIFSIX-2-Cu, SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu中CO2在0.5 k Pa就达到吸附饱和,且在1 k Pa下的吸附量分别达到了2.70与2.39 mmol·g–1。CO2/N2混合气体中CO2的吸附量几乎没有下降。SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu具有接近于CO2分子动力学直径的孔径,对CO2亲和力较大,吸附热分别达到了59和66 k J·mol–1。密度泛函理论分析发现,在两种结构中每个孔隙只吸附一个CO2分子,且几乎处于孔道的中心。本工作为低压下吸附与分离CO2的混合超微孔材料的开发提供了理论指导。

软基体混合胞孔材料的力学性能及抗多次冲击性能

为了探索具有优异吸能性能的软基体混合胞孔材料的力学性能,研究该类材料在多次冲击下的冲击响应和材料的可恢复性,对一种软基体混合胞孔材料—人工软骨仿生超材料(artificial cartilage foam,ACF)进行了不同速度下的单轴拉伸和压缩实验,得到了ACF材料在不同应变率条件下的应力-应变曲线。并利用落锤冲击实验机对ACF材料和另一种软基体混合胞孔材料—发泡聚丙烯材料(expanded polypropylene,EPP)进行了多次冲击下的对比测试,得到了2种材料在单次和多次冲击下的动力学响应。实验结果表明:ACF材料是一种应变率敏感的材料,随着应变率的提升,材料的弹性模量、抗拉强度和抗压强度均逐渐提高;在50 J冲击能量作用下,ACF材料能够吸收96%以上的冲击能量,远高于EPP材料的70%,ACF材料具有更加优异的吸能性能;5次冲击后ACF材料的最大峰值力、最大变形量和吸能能力几乎不变。相比于EPP材料,ACF材料有良好的可恢复性,且具有稳定的多次抗冲击能力。这些研究为软基体混合胞孔材料在多次冲击防护中的应用提供了实验依据。

管束列管式静态混合器的结构参数与应用性能研究

管束列管式静态混合器利用管道边壁的边界层作用,强化形成准均匀各向同性涡旋,实现快速混合。通过研究不同结构的管束列管式静态混合器对水处理效果的影响,发现列管总长与管长之比为1∶3、列管段数为3时,管束列管式静态混合器的混合效果最佳。与普通孔板式混合器相比,在相同的操作条件下,管束列管式静态混合器可以节省23%左右的絮凝剂用量,且其絮体分形维数Df和絮体粒径df分别较前者提高了17%和18%,降低沉后水浊度达2.0 NTU以上。

解读万能孔型法生产槽钢缺陷分析及解决措施

万能孔型法生产槽钢是一种新工艺,能够实现多个槽钢产品的开发与生产。并在实践中,得出了该种生产方式的规律与特点,以及存在的缺陷。本文将分析万能孔型法生产槽钢的缺陷,并提出解决措施。以期能够使得该种方法得以发展,实现生产线的推广与升级。

混合树脂吸附两性霉素B杂质比例研究

用D832和D8162种不同的大孔树脂按一定比例混合吸附两性霉素B溶液中的杂质,研究其吸附过程中2种树脂的最佳上样量、比例、上样和吸附过程的条件等。实验表明,当树脂总量为300mL、D832:D816为3.6:6.4、进样树脂pH为3.8～4.2、温度为18～20℃时,能获得最佳杂质吸附效果。

渗流-管流耦合模型及其应用综述

含水层-井孔水流问题是水文地质学中最重要的基础性研究课题之一。长期以来水文地质模型中对井孔的刻画基本上都是引用"热传导"中的"线汇"理论,需要人工预先给定线汇的流量或水头分配,其普适性至今没有得到证明。针对地下水混合井流模拟提出的"渗流-管流耦合模型"和"等效渗透系数"的概念、方法,不仅解决了混合抽水试验求取分层水文地质参数、预测分层地下水降落漏斗等问题,更重要的是提出的模型和方法具有一定的通用性,已被用于模拟水平井、自流井、观测孔等,并发展为岩溶管道-裂隙-孔隙三重空隙介质地下水流模型。"渗流-管流耦合模型"和"等效渗透系数"方法不仅得到现场试验的应用性验证,也通过物理模拟得到了检验。

Preparation and properties of porous silicon carbide ceramics through coat-mix and composite additives process

The core-shell structure silicon-resin precursor powders were synthesized through coat-mix process and addition of Al2O3-SiO2-Y2O3 composite additives.A series of porous silicon carbide ceramics were produced after molding,carbonization and sintering.The phase,morphology,porosity,thermal conductivity,thermal expansion coefficient,and thermal shock resistance were analyzed.The results show that porous silicon carbide ceramics can be produced at low temperature.The grain size of porous silicon carbide ceramic is small,and the thermal conductivity is enhanced significantly.Composite additives also improve the thermal shock resistance of porous ceramics.The bending strength loss rate after 30 times of thermal shock test of the porous ceramics which were added Al2O3-SiO2-Y2O3 and sintered at 1 650 ℃ is only 6.5%.Moreover,the pore inside of the sample is smooth,and the pore size distribution is uniform.Composite additives make little effect on the thermal expansion coefficient of the porous silicon carbide ceramics.

小倾角下向测压钻孔分段混合式封孔工艺

在查阅煤层瓦斯压力测试相关文献的基础上,总结分析目前小倾角下向测压孔封孔时存在的问题与不足,结合传统封孔方法的优点,并进行了改进,提出了聚氨酯与水泥浆间隔分段注入封孔方法即分段混合式封孔,并在现场进行了应用,取得了较好的效果。

松辽盆地肇源—太平川地区扶余油层砂岩储层特征、成因及预测

根据大量的岩心观察、薄片鉴定和储层物性分析资料,对松辽盆地肇源—太平川地区扶余油层砂岩储层的成岩作用类型和成岩序列、储层孔隙类型和成岩—孔隙演化、储层物性主控因素进行了系统的研究,指出三肇凹陷砂岩储层的硅酸盐颗粒溶孔尤为发育,见有次生溶孔发育带,对孔隙的贡献率可以达到10%。由此导致工区发育两类有效砂岩储层:一是残留原生粒间孔型储层,分布于长春岭背斜带、朝阳沟阶地、太平川构造及尚家构造一带;二是次生溶孔与残留原生粒间孔混合型储层,分布于三肇凹陷,次生溶孔的发育提高了有效储层的下限。

River Water Purification via a Coagulation-Porous Ceramic Membrane Hybrid Process

Membrane filtration technology combined with coagulation is widely used to purify river water.In this study,microfiltration(MF)and ultrafiltration(UF)ceramic membranes were combined with coagulation to treat local river water located at Xinghua,Jiangsu province,China.The operation parameters,fouling mechanism and pilot-scale tests were investigated.The results show that the pore size of membrane has small effect on the pseudo-steady flux for dead-end filtration,and the increase of flux in MF process is more than that in UF process for cross-flow filtration with the same increase of cross-flow velocity.The membrane pore size has little influence on the water quality.The analysis on membrane fouling mechanism shows that the cake filtration has significant influence on the pseudo-steady flux and water quality for the membrane with pore size of 50,200 and 500 nm.For the membrane with pore size of 200 nm and backwashing employed in our pilot study,a constant flux of 150L·m 2·h 1was reached during stable operation,with the removal efficiency of turbidity,total organic carbon(TOC)and UV254 higher than 99%,45%and 48%,respectively.The study demonstrates that coagulation-porous ceramic membrane hybrid process is a reliable method for river water purification.

Effects of flat and elongated aggregates on the performance of porous asphalt mixture

Four fat and elongated(F&E)contents(0%,original,30%,and 40%)were investigated to evaluate the effects of F&Eparticles on the performance of porous asphalt mixture(P A).Laboratory tests including volumetric determination,two-dimensional image analysis,Cantabro loss tests,breakdown tests,and permeability tests were conducted to evaluate the volumetric properties,the state of stone-onstone contact,durability,skeleton stability and permeability of PA,respectively.The test results indicate that the F&E content was a significant factor for total air voids,aggregate skeleton break down,and permeability.The functionality,rutting resistance,long-term durability,and skeleton stability decrease with the increase of F&E content since F&E aggregates in porous asphalt mixtures have a tendency to breakdown.Compared with traditional dense graded mixtures,PA is more sensitive to the F&E content due to an open graded aggregate structure.Therefore,the stricter requiement for F&E content should be met for porous asphalt mixtures than the one for traditional deese graded mixture.

Curing and mechanical property of single-componentpolyurethane porous elastic mixture

The viscosity-time curve of a single-component polyurethane(PU)was examined to determine the mixing and compacting temperatures of its mixture and investigate the curing and mechanical properties of single-component PU porous elastic mixture(PPEM).The curing properties of the single-component PU and PPEM were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and Marshall test.The mechanical properties of PPEM were explored via the following tests:rutting test,3-point bending test,soaked Marshall stability test,freeze-thaw splitting test,and Cantabro test.The effects of a water bath on the stability of aggregate-PU/asphalt mortar-aggregate systems were evaluated through a pull-out test and a shear test.The results show that the recommended mixing temperatures of toluene diisocyanate and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate range from 75 to 80℃and from 64 to 68℃,respectively.Room temperature(25℃)can be adopted as the compacting temperature of PPEM.PPEM can be fully cured in 4 d.Nevertheless,the water sprinkle method can obviously shorten the full curing time of PPEM.PPEM exhibites good resistance to rutting,brittle cracking,and raveling.The adhesive and shear strength of aggregate-PU/asphalt mortar-aggregate systems are negatively related to water bath duration.

Mixing times in single and multi-orifice-impinging transverse(MOIT) jet mixers with crossflow

We study the macromixing behavior of single and multi-orifice-impinging transverse(MOIT) jet mixers with crossflow, in particular, the overall mixing time and the back-splash mixing time of the injected flow with the crossflow, using the PLIF technique. It is found that for a given mixer configuration, there is a critical jet-tocrossflow velocity ratio rcat which the back-splash begins to occur. Further increase in the velocity ratio r leads to sharp increase in the back-splash mixing time, which can offset the intensification of the downstream mixing. The dimensionless overall mixing time decreases as r increases to reach either a plateau or a local minimum, and the corresponding r value represents the optimal velocity ratio roptfor the macromixing. The momentum ratio of the two liquid streams is a key factor determining rcand ropt. For a larger scale mixer, a higher momentum ratio is required to achieve the optimal macromixing with the minimum dimensionless overall mixing time.

Separation of Sulfur/Gasoline Mixture with Polydimethylsiloxane/ Polyetherimide Composite Membranes by Pervaporatlon

Worldwide environment has resulted in a limit on the sulfur content of gasoline.It is urgent to investigate the desulfurization of gasoline.The polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)/polyetherimide(PEI)composite membranes were prepared by casting a PDMS solution onto porous PEI substrates and characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The membranes were used for sulfur removal from gasoline by pervaporation.The effects of feed temperature,sulfur content in the feed and PDMS layer thickness on membrane performance were investigated,and an activation energy of permeation was obtained.Experimental results indicated that higher feed temperature yielded higher total flux and lower sulfur enrichment factor.The total flux varied little with the increase of sulfur content in the feed,but the sulfur enrichment factor first increased with the amount of thiophene added into the gasoline,and then the variation was little.The increase of PDMS layer thickness resulted in a smaller flux but a larger sulfur enrichment factor.The result indicates that the PDMS/PEI composite membranes are promising for desulfurization by pervaporation.