Phosphorus is an essential element in agricultural production and chemical industry. However, since the risk of casualties and economic loss by mining accidents, the application of clean and safe production in phospho...Phosphorus is an essential element in agricultural production and chemical industry. However, since the risk of casualties and economic loss by mining accidents, the application of clean and safe production in phosphorus mines encounters great challenges. For this purpose, a man-machine-environment system composed of evaluation indexes was established, and the grading standards of indexes were defined. Firstly, the measurements of 39 qualitative indexes were obtained through the survey data. According to the measured values of 31 quantitative indexes, the measurements of quantitative indexes were calculated by linear measurement function(LM) and other three functions. Then the singleindex measurement evaluation matrixes were established. Secondly, the entropy weight method was used to determine the weights of each index directly. The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was also applied to calculate the weights of index and index factor hierarchies after the established hierarchical model. The weights of system hierarchies were given by the grid-based fuzzy Borda method(GFB). The comprehensive weights were determined by the combination method of AHP and GFB(CAG). Furthermore, the multi-index comprehensive measurement evaluation vectors were obtained.Thirdly, the vectors were evaluated by the credible degree recognition(CDR) and the maximum membership(TMM)criteria. Based on the above functions, methods, and criteria, 16 combination evaluation methods were recommended.Finally, the clean and safe production grade of Kaiyang phosphate mine in China was evaluated. The results show that the LM-CAG-CDR is the most reasonable method, which can not only determine the clean and safe production grade of phosphorus mines, but also improve the development level of clean and safe mining of phosphorus mines for guidance.In addition, some beneficial suggestions and measures were also proposed to advance the clean and safe production grade of Kaiyang phosphorus mine.展开更多
A sero epidemiological survey on 1 833 healthy residents was carried out in 6 villages of a leprosy high endemic area in Wenshan and Guangnan counties, Yunnan Province. The part of the r...A sero epidemiological survey on 1 833 healthy residents was carried out in 6 villages of a leprosy high endemic area in Wenshan and Guangnan counties, Yunnan Province. The part of the residents with initially antibody positive as well as the part of residents with initially antibody negative have been followed up for 3 consecutive years by serology and clinical examination for studying kinetic changes of antibody to M.leprae and its relation with clinical disease. The results showed that the rates of subclinical infection of leprosy in a high endemic area are different from village to village, and the risk of developing clinical disease does not associate with subclinical infection rate. It correlates with the number of cured accumulative leprosy cases and active cases within the village. The authors consider that in leprosy high endemic villages, especially those cropped up new multi bacillary leprosy cases frequently in recent years, it may be helpful to use serology to detect early leprosy cases.展开更多
In this study,the decay of maternal peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV) antibodies in kids born to goats vaccinated with Asian lineage IV PPR vaccine and the efficacy of passive immunity against PPRV was assessed t...In this study,the decay of maternal peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV) antibodies in kids born to goats vaccinated with Asian lineage IV PPR vaccine and the efficacy of passive immunity against PPRV was assessed to determine the appropriate period for vaccination in kids.Serum samples collected from kids born to vaccinated,unvaccinated and infected goats at different time intervals were tested by PPR competitive ELISA and serum neutralization test(SNT).Maternal antibodies in kids were detectable up to 6 months with a decline trend from the third month onwards and receded below the protective level by the fourth month.The kid with an SN titre of 1:8 at the time of immunization showed significant PPRV specific antibody response(percentage inhibition of 76;SN titers >1:16),when tested on 21 day post-vaccination and was completely protected from infection upon virulent PPRV challenge.Similarly,the kid with 1:8 SN titers was completely protected from PPR infection on active challenge.Therefore,PPR vaccination is recommended in kids,aged 4 months and born to immunized or exposed goats.This could be a suitable period to avoid window of susceptibility in kids to PPRV and the effort to eliminate PPR infection from susceptible populations.展开更多
In goats （Capra hircus） and other ruminants cholesterol is naturally produced in liver and intestinal walls. It is also acquired from supplemental food. Cholesterol is a source of energy and is a precursor of steroi...In goats （Capra hircus） and other ruminants cholesterol is naturally produced in liver and intestinal walls. It is also acquired from supplemental food. Cholesterol is a source of energy and is a precursor of steroid hormones, bile acids and also required for normal cell function. The level of serum cholesterol is generally lower in goat breeds as compared to other cattles. The present study was conducted to estimate level of serum cholestrol in goats （both male and female） commonly reraed in three areas of Gilgit-Baltistan province of Pakistan viz; Ghizer, Baltistan and Hunza-NagarRandom samples of blood were taken from 440 goats （181 male and 259 female） and serum was obtained by centrifugation. Quantity of cholesterol in mg deciliter＂l of serum was determined by analyzing the serum using Micro-lab 300. Distrci wise comparison showed that cholestrol level in the samples from the three districts was highly significant. While the differences between the gender （male and female goats） from the same district were non-significant at P 〈 0.05. Ghizer breed is suggested to be better for human consumption because it had the lowest chlestrol level. The paper aslo discuss the effect of pastures feeding on the level of cholesterol in the serum of goats. Present findings will help formulate better strategies for the imporvement of goat breeds in the area.展开更多
Early detection of pregnancy is advantageous to breeders. However, tools that were used in the early pregnancy detection are expensive, laboratory-based and not efficient and applicable enough in the field to farmers....Early detection of pregnancy is advantageous to breeders. However, tools that were used in the early pregnancy detection are expensive, laboratory-based and not efficient and applicable enough in the field to farmers. Thus, there is a need to find a biomarker which not only can detect pregnancy but also could be applied to the livestock on the field. Proteomic approach was used in this study as to search for early pregnancy biomarker. When goat sera at day 14 of gestation were resolved by using two dimensional gel electrophoresis, five differentially expressed proteins were detected. Four of the proteins were identified as albumin precursors, immunoglobulin lambda light chain and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein. Pregnancy associated glycoprotein-1 was detected by using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and the protein was validated by immunoblotting. These proteins have potential to be used as a biomarker for early pregnancy detection, however, more extensive analysis are needed to validate its possibility.展开更多
Keshan disease （KD） is a fatal endemic dilated cardiomyopathy with unclear etiology and pathogenesis, and a high mortality in China. Pathologic studies confna＇ned that different degree of myocardial fibrosis existe...Keshan disease （KD） is a fatal endemic dilated cardiomyopathy with unclear etiology and pathogenesis, and a high mortality in China. Pathologic studies confna＇ned that different degree of myocardial fibrosis existed in various types of KD. Myocardial fibrosis is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of left ventricular remodeling. Recently, galectin-3 （Gal-3） as a marker of cardiac fibrosis and heart failure was approved by the US FDA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of serum level of Gal-3 in chronic KD （CKD） mad their clinical implications. Methods： The levels of serum Gal-3 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in 37 CKD patients and 32 healthy controls. Echocardiography was used to determine parameter of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension （LVEDD）. Results： The serum concentration of Gal-3 （[95.81：i：18.99] ng/ml versus [48.16-＋11.09] ng/ml, t=6,906, P〈0.001） and LVEDD （[60.46＋7.63] mm versus （42.69^-10.66） ram, t=3.61, P〈0.01） were significantly higher, while LVEF （[42.69-J：10.661% versus [62.16~6.381%, t=4.679, P〈0.01） were significantly lower in CKD patients compared with healthy controls. A negativecorrelation was found between elevated Gal-3 and lower LVEF （r=--0.882, P〈0.001） and a positive correlation was found between elevated Gal-3 levels and enlarged LVEDD （r=0.834, P〈0.001） or higher NYHA class （r=0.854, P〈0.01） in CKD patients. Conclusion： Serum concentration of Gal-3 is strongly correlated with poorer left ventricular systolic function, enlarged LVEDD and higher New York Heart Association （NYHA） class, which may provide indirectly diagnostic information on myocardial fibrosis and heart function in CKD patients展开更多
基金Project(51974362) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2282020cxqd055) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(2021-QYC-10050-25631) supported by the Department of Emergency Management of Hunan Province,China。
文摘Phosphorus is an essential element in agricultural production and chemical industry. However, since the risk of casualties and economic loss by mining accidents, the application of clean and safe production in phosphorus mines encounters great challenges. For this purpose, a man-machine-environment system composed of evaluation indexes was established, and the grading standards of indexes were defined. Firstly, the measurements of 39 qualitative indexes were obtained through the survey data. According to the measured values of 31 quantitative indexes, the measurements of quantitative indexes were calculated by linear measurement function(LM) and other three functions. Then the singleindex measurement evaluation matrixes were established. Secondly, the entropy weight method was used to determine the weights of each index directly. The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was also applied to calculate the weights of index and index factor hierarchies after the established hierarchical model. The weights of system hierarchies were given by the grid-based fuzzy Borda method(GFB). The comprehensive weights were determined by the combination method of AHP and GFB(CAG). Furthermore, the multi-index comprehensive measurement evaluation vectors were obtained.Thirdly, the vectors were evaluated by the credible degree recognition(CDR) and the maximum membership(TMM)criteria. Based on the above functions, methods, and criteria, 16 combination evaluation methods were recommended.Finally, the clean and safe production grade of Kaiyang phosphate mine in China was evaluated. The results show that the LM-CAG-CDR is the most reasonable method, which can not only determine the clean and safe production grade of phosphorus mines, but also improve the development level of clean and safe mining of phosphorus mines for guidance.In addition, some beneficial suggestions and measures were also proposed to advance the clean and safe production grade of Kaiyang phosphorus mine.
文摘A sero epidemiological survey on 1 833 healthy residents was carried out in 6 villages of a leprosy high endemic area in Wenshan and Guangnan counties, Yunnan Province. The part of the residents with initially antibody positive as well as the part of residents with initially antibody negative have been followed up for 3 consecutive years by serology and clinical examination for studying kinetic changes of antibody to M.leprae and its relation with clinical disease. The results showed that the rates of subclinical infection of leprosy in a high endemic area are different from village to village, and the risk of developing clinical disease does not associate with subclinical infection rate. It correlates with the number of cured accumulative leprosy cases and active cases within the village. The authors consider that in leprosy high endemic villages, especially those cropped up new multi bacillary leprosy cases frequently in recent years, it may be helpful to use serology to detect early leprosy cases.
基金Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance(PD_ADMAS)
文摘In this study,the decay of maternal peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV) antibodies in kids born to goats vaccinated with Asian lineage IV PPR vaccine and the efficacy of passive immunity against PPRV was assessed to determine the appropriate period for vaccination in kids.Serum samples collected from kids born to vaccinated,unvaccinated and infected goats at different time intervals were tested by PPR competitive ELISA and serum neutralization test(SNT).Maternal antibodies in kids were detectable up to 6 months with a decline trend from the third month onwards and receded below the protective level by the fourth month.The kid with an SN titre of 1:8 at the time of immunization showed significant PPRV specific antibody response(percentage inhibition of 76;SN titers >1:16),when tested on 21 day post-vaccination and was completely protected from infection upon virulent PPRV challenge.Similarly,the kid with 1:8 SN titers was completely protected from PPR infection on active challenge.Therefore,PPR vaccination is recommended in kids,aged 4 months and born to immunized or exposed goats.This could be a suitable period to avoid window of susceptibility in kids to PPRV and the effort to eliminate PPR infection from susceptible populations.
文摘In goats （Capra hircus） and other ruminants cholesterol is naturally produced in liver and intestinal walls. It is also acquired from supplemental food. Cholesterol is a source of energy and is a precursor of steroid hormones, bile acids and also required for normal cell function. The level of serum cholesterol is generally lower in goat breeds as compared to other cattles. The present study was conducted to estimate level of serum cholestrol in goats （both male and female） commonly reraed in three areas of Gilgit-Baltistan province of Pakistan viz; Ghizer, Baltistan and Hunza-NagarRandom samples of blood were taken from 440 goats （181 male and 259 female） and serum was obtained by centrifugation. Quantity of cholesterol in mg deciliter＂l of serum was determined by analyzing the serum using Micro-lab 300. Distrci wise comparison showed that cholestrol level in the samples from the three districts was highly significant. While the differences between the gender （male and female goats） from the same district were non-significant at P 〈 0.05. Ghizer breed is suggested to be better for human consumption because it had the lowest chlestrol level. The paper aslo discuss the effect of pastures feeding on the level of cholesterol in the serum of goats. Present findings will help formulate better strategies for the imporvement of goat breeds in the area.
文摘Early detection of pregnancy is advantageous to breeders. However, tools that were used in the early pregnancy detection are expensive, laboratory-based and not efficient and applicable enough in the field to farmers. Thus, there is a need to find a biomarker which not only can detect pregnancy but also could be applied to the livestock on the field. Proteomic approach was used in this study as to search for early pregnancy biomarker. When goat sera at day 14 of gestation were resolved by using two dimensional gel electrophoresis, five differentially expressed proteins were detected. Four of the proteins were identified as albumin precursors, immunoglobulin lambda light chain and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein. Pregnancy associated glycoprotein-1 was detected by using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and the protein was validated by immunoblotting. These proteins have potential to be used as a biomarker for early pregnancy detection, however, more extensive analysis are needed to validate its possibility.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30972557)
文摘Keshan disease （KD） is a fatal endemic dilated cardiomyopathy with unclear etiology and pathogenesis, and a high mortality in China. Pathologic studies confna＇ned that different degree of myocardial fibrosis existed in various types of KD. Myocardial fibrosis is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of left ventricular remodeling. Recently, galectin-3 （Gal-3） as a marker of cardiac fibrosis and heart failure was approved by the US FDA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of serum level of Gal-3 in chronic KD （CKD） mad their clinical implications. Methods： The levels of serum Gal-3 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in 37 CKD patients and 32 healthy controls. Echocardiography was used to determine parameter of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension （LVEDD）. Results： The serum concentration of Gal-3 （[95.81：i：18.99] ng/ml versus [48.16-＋11.09] ng/ml, t=6,906, P〈0.001） and LVEDD （[60.46＋7.63] mm versus （42.69^-10.66） ram, t=3.61, P〈0.01） were significantly higher, while LVEF （[42.69-J：10.661% versus [62.16~6.381%, t=4.679, P〈0.01） were significantly lower in CKD patients compared with healthy controls. A negativecorrelation was found between elevated Gal-3 and lower LVEF （r=--0.882, P〈0.001） and a positive correlation was found between elevated Gal-3 levels and enlarged LVEDD （r=0.834, P〈0.001） or higher NYHA class （r=0.854, P〈0.01） in CKD patients. Conclusion： Serum concentration of Gal-3 is strongly correlated with poorer left ventricular systolic function, enlarged LVEDD and higher New York Heart Association （NYHA） class, which may provide indirectly diagnostic information on myocardial fibrosis and heart function in CKD patients
