清异颗粒的制备及质量控制

目的：研究清异颗粒的制备及质量控制。方法：采用薄层色谱法（TCL）对清异颗粒中黄芪、当归等进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定清异颗粒中阿魏酸的含量。结果：TCL鉴别能明显检出黄芪、白术、当归,分离度良好;HPLC法测定本品中阿魏酸的含量为3.217 1～3.876 4 mg.g^-1;阿魏酸在0.021 2～0.988 8μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 9,平均回收率为100.71%（n=6）,RSD为1.26%。结论：质量控制方法简便快速,准确可靠,重现性好,适用于清异颗粒的质量控制。

瓷质绝缘子表面激光辐射温度和应力特性研究

利用高能激光清除输电线路缠绕异物的方法取得了较好的使用效果,但激光清除异物也会使得激光照射到绝缘子上,时间过长可能会损伤绝缘子。为了研究在使用激光辐照瓷质绝缘子时的温度、应力损伤特性,文中对激光辐照不同材料瓷绝缘子不同部位的情况进行了建模、计算,重点分析了瓷绝缘子在使用普通瓷、氧化铝瓷、氧化锆瓷、堇青石瓷4种材料下的损伤特性,以及激光辐照瓷绝缘子钢帽时温度、应力的情况。结果认为,激光辐照瓷绝缘子瓷件时,氧化铝瓷绝缘子表面的辐射点中心相比其他3种材质瓷绝缘子温度最低,瓷件表面温度从光斑中心向光斑边缘急剧降低,应力在瓷绝缘子表面呈现双驼峰分布。使用激光辐照绝缘子钢帽60 s时,其表面温度较低,绝缘子不会因热冲击产生损伤,但在钢帽处产生的热应力达821 MPa,使得绝缘子存在被破坏的风险。

Comparison of Multiplex Fluorescent PCR with Serum Type-specific Antibody Detection in Diagnosis of Genital Herpes

Objectives: To compare multiplex fluorescent PCRwith serum type-specific antibody detection in thediagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection andto evaluate its significance in the diagnosis of genitalherpes.Methods: We detected HSV infection in 121 speci-mens collected from patients with genital herpesusing both multiplex fluorescent PCR and serum type-specific antibody detection. HSV viral isolation wasused as the standard control.Results: When compared with the viral isolation, thesensitivity and specificity for multiplex fluorescentPCR were 100% and 88.89%, respectively afterdiscrepant analysis. The sensitivity and specificity fortype-specific antibody detection was 77.68 % and77.78 %, respectively. However, the type-specificantibody detected HSV in two asymptomatic patientswhile the multiplex fluorescent PCR couldn’t detectany HSV DNA from those specimens.Conclusions: Multiplex fluorescent PCR is a verysensitive and specific method for detection and typingof HSV in the lesion of genital herpes, it failed todetect HSV DNA from the asymptomatic patients.Serum type-specific antibody detection was a lesssensitive and specific test but could detect the specificantibody from some asymptomatic patients. Thecombination of these two techniques would allow rapid,sensitive and accurate detection and typing of HSVand help clinical diagnosis and epidemiologic survey-ing of genital herpes.

Efficient and Effective 4D Trajectory Data Cleansing

As the rapid development of aviation industry and newly emerging crowd-sourcing projects such as Flightradar24 and FlightAware,large amount of air traffic data,particularly four-dimension(4D)trajectory data,have become available for the public.In order to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of results,data cleansing is the first step in analyzing 4D trajectory data,including error identification and mitigation.Data cleansing techniques for the 4D trajectory data are investigated.Back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm is applied to repair errors.Newton interpolation method is used to obtain even-spaced trajectory samples over a uniform distribution of each flight’s 4D trajectory data.Furthermore,a new method is proposed to compress data while maintaining the intrinsic characteristics of the trajectories.Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)is applied to identify remaining outliers of sample points.Experiments are performed on a data set of one-day 4D trajectory data over Europe.The results show that the proposed method can achieve more efficient and effective results than the existing approaches.The work contributes to the first step of data preprocessing and lays foundation for further downstream 4D trajectory analysis.

Osteogenic potential of human periosteum-derived progenitor cells in PLGA scaffold using allogeneic serum

The use of periosteum-derived progenitor cells （PCs） combined with bioresorbable materials is an attractive approach for tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to characterize the osteogenic differentiation of PC in 3-dimensional （3D） poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid （PLGA） fleeces cultured in medium containing allogeneic human serum. PCs were isolated and expanded in monolayer culture. Expanded cells of passage 3 were seeded into PLGA constructs and cultured in osteogenic medium for a maximum period of 28 d. Morphological, histological and cell viability analyses of three-dimensionally cultured PCs were performed to elucidate osseous synthesis and deposition of a calcified matrix. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen, osteocalcin and osteonectin was semi-quantitively evaluated by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The fibrin gel immobilization technique provided homogeneous PCs distribution in 3D PLGA constructs. Live-dead staining indicated a high viability rate of PCs inside the PLGA scaffolds. Secreted nodules ofneo-bone tissue formation and the presence of matrix mineralization were confirmed by positive yon Kossa staining. The osteogenic differentiation of PCs was further demonstrated by the detection of type I collagen, osteocalcin and osteonectin gene expression. The results of this study support the concept that this tissue engineering method presents a promising method for creation of new bone in vivo.

AN IMAGE MAGNIFICATION ALGORITHM USING THE GVF CONSTRAINT MODEL

An image magnification method with a Gradient Vector Flow(GVF)constraint-basedanisotropic diffusion model is proposed in this letter.A Low-Resolution(LR)image is first magnifiedusing bilinear interpolation,and then an iterative image restoration method,with the use of an ani-sotropic diffusion model and a Gaussian moving-average constraint,is applied to the magnified image.The estimated GVF of a High-Resolution(HR)image can be used to remove the jagged effect and topreserve the textural structure in the image.Meanwhile,the use of the Gaussian moving-average LRmodel can provide a data fidelity constraint,which renders a magnified image closer to the ideal HRversion.Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the quality of magnifiedimages in terms of both objective and subjective criteria.

SERUM SOLUBLE E—CADHERIN LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS

Objective.To investigate the serum sE cadherin level in patients with endometriosis and the alterations of that level in healthy control during the menstrual cycle.Methods.Thirty two patients with endometriosis and 30 healthy women were tested for serum sE cadherin levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results.The serum sE cadherin levels in healthy control did not vary throughout the menstrual cycle,which were lower than those in patients with endometriosis.Conclusions.E cadherin might be involved in endometrial shedding during menstruation in endometriosis patients.The serum sE cadherin assay might be helpful as a serum marker for the diagnosis and management of endometriosis.

Differentially Expressed Serum Protein Profiling in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with Different Chinese Medicine Syndromes

Objective:Esophageal carcinoma is the eighth most common malignant tumor and ranked the sixth cause of death in the worldwide careinoma.To find out effective serum markers for early diagnosis and targeted treatment is important to improve esophageal carcinoma survival rate.The aim of this study was to screen differ-entially expressed serum protein profiling in esophageal squamous cell careinoma(ESCC)patients with differ-ent Chinese medicine syndrome and establish ESCC syndrome diagnosis model,to explore the signifcance of ESCC serum differential protein in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome diagnosis and provide exper-imental and theoretical basis for the diagnosis,clinical treatment of ESCC.Methods:Serum specimens of 80 ES-CC patients with different syndrome and 20 healthy people were selected according to distribution of their sex and age.Magnetic beads based weak cation exchange combined w ith matrix-assist ed laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry prot eomic technology and Autoflex Analysis and ClinProTools software were applied to screen differentially expressed serum protein profiling.Then establishing each syndrome group diag-nosis model and verifying with new samples to evaluate the diagnosis value of each syndrome group diagnosis model.Results:18 significantly differential expression protein peaks were screened between the whole ESCC patients sera and the healthy control group.Compared with normal control group,among which,ten were signif-cant down-regulation with m/z values of4210,4267,4054,4248,2106,4091,2991,5337,3952,822,and eight were significant up-regulation with m/z values of 2900,2883,1467,1617,2862,2600,895,811.There were 16,12,11,15 differentially expressed protein peaks in phlegm and qi stagnat ion syndrome(Group P),fluid insufficiency and heat agglomeration syndrome(Group F),blood stasis syndrome(Group B),qi and yang deficiency syndrome(Group Q),respectively.Protein with m/z of4210,4091,4054 and 5337 presen-ted obviously low expression in all syndrome groups,while protein with m/z of2883,1617 presented obvious-y high expression.Protein with m/z of 4644 is an obvious and significative biomarker in the comparison of dif-ferent syndrome of ESCC.Establishing ESCC each syndrome serum different ial protein profiling diagnosis mod-el showed that the specificity and veracity in four syndrome groups were all≥80.00%.Conclusion:Our study achieved differentially expressed protein profiling in ESCC patients with different TCM syndromes,established relatively high sensitivity and specificity of different syndrome of ESCC serum differential protein profiling diag-nosis model,which implied the screened syndrome related serum differential expression protein in TCM syn-drome differentiation and diagnosis had great clinical meaning,could be the assistant diagnosis biomarker of ESCC.

Immunologic changes to autologous transfusion after operational trauma in malignant tumor patients:Neopterin and Interleukin-2

Objective:To estimate the impact of autologous transfusion on the status of perioperative immune activation inmalignant tumor patients.The Serum Neopterin and Interleukin-2(IL-2)were measured.Methods:Sixty patients undergoingelective radical resection for malignant stomach tumor were enrolled in the prospective study and assigned to the following groups:(Ⅰ)Group A received autologous transfusion;(2)Group H received allogeneic transfusion.The perioperative course(Beforeinduction of anesthesia,after operation and 5 d after operation)of Neopterin and IL-2 was compared.Results:In group A,SerumNeopterin was significantly lower than baseline alter operation and IL-2 had no significant changes.In group H,both SerumNeopterin and IL-2 were significantly lower than baseline alter operation and 5 d after operation.Compared with group A,SerumNeopterin was significantly lower than baseline alter operation and 5 d after operation and IL-2 was significantly lower thanbaseline 5 d alter operation.Conchision:Autologous transfusion decreased the perioperative immune suppression in malignantstomach tumor patients.

A Molecular Epidemiology Analysis of HIV in Shenzhen and HIV Env Gene Variation Replication Analysis

Objective: To analyze molecular trends of the HIV epidemic in Shenzhen. Methods: Serum collected from Shenzhen AIDS patientsbetween 1992-1999 was analyzed using molecular techniques.DNA fragments of the HIV-1 Env gene were amplified bynested PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclearcells (PBMCs) from these serum samples. The C2-C3 region ofthe Env gene was sequenced and analyzed. Specific high-riskbehaviors were also analyzed. Results: We found that the transmission of HIV in the citywas mainly through sexual behaviors (46.0%). There werefour HIV-1 subtypes: B', B, C and E with 6.31%, 7.95%,3.09% and 8.92% gene divergence inside each subtype inShenzhen. These results suggested that epidemic times were 6,8, 3 and 9 respectively. The main cpidemic subtypes were Eand B strains. AIDS patient's antigenic variation was slightlyhigher than that of HIV infected individuals. Conclusion: Surveillance data reflect trends and theepidemic time of HIV which will be useful for policy makersto formulate effeive strategies of HIV/AIDS prevention and control in Shenzhen.

Aberrantly Methylated MGMT,hMLH1 and hMSH2 in Tumor and Serum DNA of Gliomas Patients

OBJECTIVE This study is to investigate the prevalence ofpromoter CpG island methylation of O^6-methylguananine-DNAmethyltransferase (MGMT), mismatch repair genes (hMLH1 andhMSH2) in both tumor and serum samples of gliomas.METHODS Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was employed todetect promoter CpG island methylation of the MGMT, hMLH1and hMSH2 genes in 39 samples taken from surgery and 32samples of pretreatment serum all from the patients with gliomas.RESULTS Promoter CpG island methylation of MGMT, hMLH1and hMSH2 was detected and the results were 46.2%, 10.3% and20.5%, respectively in tumor DNA of the cases with gliomas,and 40.6%, 9.4% and 18.8%, respectively in serum DNA of thecases. The methylation pattern in primary tumor and serum wasfound to be concordant in matched tissue and serum samplesof 21 patients. In the cases with positive result of methylationfor MGMT, hMLH1 and hMSH2 in tumor tissues, the results ofdetection for those in the paired serum sample were 77.8% (7/9),66.7% (2/3) and 75.0 % (3/4), respectively. False positive resultswere not obtained in any of the patients who did not exhibitmethylation. No association was found between the promotermethylation of MGMT, hMLH1, and hMSH2 genes in primarygliomas and gender, age, localization, grade of malignant or tumorstage.CONCLUSION Promoter CpG island methylation is a frequentevent in gliomagenesis. Methylation analysis appears to bea promising predictive factor of the prognosis for the gliomapatients treated with alkylating drugs and a noninvasive tumormarker in serum DNA.

Singularities and Entropy in Bulk Viscosity Dark Energy Model

In this paper bulk viscosity is introduced to describe the effects of cosmic non-perfect fluid on the cosmos evolution and to build the unified dark energy （DE） with （dark） matter models. Also we derive a general relation between the bulk viscosity form and Hubble parameter that can provide a procedure for the viscosity DE model building. Especially, a redshift dependent viscosity parameter ζ ∝ λ0 ＋λ1（1 ＋z）n proposed in the previous work [X.H. Meng and X. Dou, Commun. Theor. Phys. B2 （2009） 377] is investigated extensively in this present work. Further more we use the recently released supernova dataset （the Constitution dataset） to constrain the model parameters. In order to differentiate the proposed concrete dark energy models from the well known ACDM model, statefinder diagnostic method is applied to this bulk viscosity model, as a complementary to the Om parameter diagnostic and the deceleration parameter analysis performed by us before. The DE model evolution behavior and tendency are shown in the plane of the statefinder diagnostic parameter pair {τ, s} as axes where the fixed point represents the A CDM model The possible singularity property in this bulk viscosity cosmology is also discussed to which we can conclude that in the different parameter regions chosen properly, this concrete viscosity DE model can have various late evolution behaviors and the late time singularity could be avoided. We also calculate the cosmic entropy in the bulk viscosity dark energy frame, and find that the total entropy in the viscosity DE model increases monotonously with respect to the scale factor evolution, thus this monotonous increasing property can indicate an arrow of time in the universe evolution, though the quantum version of the arrow of time is still very puzzling.

Expression differences of serum prealbumin in benign and malignant colorectal tumors

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the expression differences of serum prealbumin in patients with benign and malignant colorectal tumors and its clinical significance. Methods: The concentrations of total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin of 113 colorectal cancer patients(cancer group) and 87 colorectal adenomas(adenoma group) were tested in Yixing Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University(China) during August 2013 to December 2013. Then the differences between the two groups were compared. Results: In colorectal cancer patients, the concentrations of serum prealbumin in 39/113 cases, total protein in 16/113 cases, albumin in 38/113, hemoglobin in 32/113 were lower than normal ranges. While, in colorectal adenoma patients, the concentrations of serum prealbumin in 4/87 cases, total protein in 2/87, albumin in 1/87, hemoglobin in 2/87 were below the detection limit. Comparative analysis showed that, average expression levels of serum prealbumin, albumin, total protein, hemoglobin in colorectal cancer patients were lower than those of colorectal adenoma patients, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05), and colorectal cancer patients were more likely to have lower levels of above indicators(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to colorectal adenoma patients, patients with colorectal cancer have lower average expression levels, and were easier to have lower expression levels of serum albumin, albumin, total protein and hemoglobin, which suggest that colorectal cancer patients are more likely to have metabolic change, and clinic notable.

Interaction of isoliquiritigenin with bovine serum albumin studied by fluorescence quenching method

Interaction of ioliquiritigenin（ISL）, which is the main active component of a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. with bovine serum albumin（BSA） has been investigated. The quenching mechanism of fluorescence of bovine serum albumin by ISL was discussed. The binding sites number n and apparent binding constant K were measured by fluorescence quenching method. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH^0, ΔG^0, ΔS^0 at different temperatures were calculated. The distance r between donor（bovine serum albumin） and acceptor（ISL） was obtained according to F？rster theory of non-radiation energy transfer. The results of synchronous fluorescence spectra and UV-vis absorption spectra show that the conformation of bovine serum albumin has been changed.

Comparison of the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture on serum leptin and NPY contents of male and female patients with simple obesity

Objective To explore the difference of low-frequency electroacupuncture in regulating serum leptin and neuropeptide Y（NPY） of male and female patients with simple obesity due to spleen deficiency and damp exuberance. Methods Eighty patients with simple obesity, including 37 males and 43 females, were included in this study. In both groups（male group and female group）, Yīnlíngquán（阴陵泉 SP 9）, Sānyīnjiāo（三阴交 SP 6）, Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36）, Fēnglóng（丰隆 ST 40）, Qūchí（曲池 LI 11）, Tiānshū（天枢 ST 25）, Zhōngwǎn（中脘 CV 12）, Shuǐfēn（水分 CV 9）, Qìhǎi（气海 CV 6）, and Guānyuán（关元 CV 4）. were selected, and low-frequency electroacupuncture treatment was applied. Needles were retained for 30 min. The treatment was conducted once a day, and 10 times were considered as one course of treatment. Two courses were needed. The changes of weight, BMI（body mass index）, F%（fat percentage） and serum leptin and NPY contents of patients in the two groups before and after treatment were observed and analyzed comparatively. Results After treatment, in male group, the weight lost（9.24±2.55） kg, BMI reduced by 4.19±2.30, F% reduced by 3.98±2.13, serum leptin level reduced by（0.66±0.23） ng/m L, and serum NPY level reduced by（18.56±2.89） pg/m L; in female group, the weight lost（6.77±2.31） kg, BMI reduced by 2.65±0.93, F% reduced by 4.98±2.30, serum leptin level reduced by（3.49±1.09） ng/m L, and serum NPY level reduced by（11.21±1.97） pg/m L. The results reduced significantly when compared with the level before treatment（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The loss of weight, BMI and serum NPY content in male group was more obvious than that in female group（all P〈0.01）, and the loss of F% and serum leptin content in female group was more obvious than that in male group（both P〈0.01）. Conclusion Low-frequency electroacupuncture can significantly regulate the weight, BMI, F% and serum leptin and NPY contents of male and female patients with simple obesity, and there are gender differences. In terms of reducing weight, BMI and serum NPY content, the efficacy of low-frequency electroacupuncture in males is superior to that in females, while in terms of reducing F% and serum leptin content, the efficacy in females is superior to that in males.

Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with one-stage allograft

Objective： To avoid disadvantages of two-stage cancellus bone autograft, we investigated the feasibility of one-stage allograft for reconstructing the bone defect resulting from debridement of chronic osteomyelitis in limbs. Methods： Between Feb. 1999 and Apr. 2004, 35 cases of chronic osteomyelitis （8 cases of nonunion ） underwent one-stage allograft after debridement in our hospital. Results： Thirty-five cases were followed up for an average period of 28 months （ range, 13 to 55 months）, in which 32 cases （91.43%） were found no infection, and 3 cases （8.57%） were confirmed recurrence of infection. Four out of 8 cases of bone nonunion healed in 9.5 months on average （ range, 3 to 12 months）, and another case also acquired union after redebridement and autograft of iliumdue to infection recurrence 35 days after surgery. Renonunion occurred in 3 cases, 2 out of whom healed after secondary operation with autograft. One case of renonunion and 2 cases of infection recurrence refused further treatment. Conclusions： A high rate of infection arrest can be attained when one-stage allograft is used to reconstruct the bone defect of chronic osteomyelitis after debridement in limbs. Therefore, chronic osteomyelitis should not be regarded as a contraindication to one-stage allogeneic bone grafting. Renonuion, however, achieves a relatively high rate, especially in cases of segmental bone defect.

Significance of serum neuron-specific enolase in patients with acute traumatic brain iniurv

Objective: To study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: The release patterns of serum NSE in 78 patients after acute TBI were analyzed by using the enzyme linked immunosobent assay. The levels of NSE were compared with Glasgow coma scale, the category of brain injury and the outcome after 6 months of injury. Results: There were different NSE values in patients with minor (12.96 μg/L±2.39 μg/L), moderate (23.44 μg/L±5.33 μg/L) and severe brain injury (42.68 μg/L±4.57 μg/L). After severe TBI, the concentration of NSE in patients with epidural hematomas was 13.38 μg/L±4.01 μg/L, 24.03 μg/L±2.85 μg/L in brain contusion without surgical intervention group, 55.20 μg/L±6.35 μg/L in brain contusion with surgical intervention group, and 83.85 μg/L±15.82 μg/L in diffuse brain swelling group. There were close correlations between NSE values and Glasgow coma scale (r=-0.608, P<0.01) and the extent of brain injury (r=0.75, P<0.01). Patients with poor outcome had significantly higher initial and peak NSE values than those with good outcome (66.40 μg/L±9.46 μg/L, 94.24 μg/L±13.75 μg/L vs 32.16 μg/L±4.21 μg/L, 34.08 μg/L±4.40 μg/L, P<0.01, respectively). Initial NSE values were negatively related to the outcome (r=-0.501, P<0.01). Most patients with poor outcomes had persisting or secondary elevated NSE values. Conclusions: Serum NSE is one of the valuable neurobiochemical markers for assessment of the severity of brain injury and outcome prediction.

A Two-Step Outlier Removal Procedure for Surface Reconstruction

Outliers in point clouds affect the performance of surface reconstruction directly. Most of outlier removal methods just remove those outliers far away from the real surface and are only applied to handle watertight surface. In this paper, a two-step outlier removal procedure is proposed to filter the point clouds acquired from the gray code and line-shifting technique. The first step is to remove the outliers far away from the real surface. Some feature points are extracted from the point clouds to construct an initial surface. The points with distances to the initial surface greater than a given threshold are removed as distant outliers. The retained points are linked into lines in each structured light sheet using their Voronoi diagrams. Some of lines which are very close to the real surface are removed as near outliers in the second step. The experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective in removing outliers for surface reconstruction.

Establishment of a transgenic mouse model with liver-specific expression of secretory immunoglobulin D

Mutation of mevalonate kinase （MVK） is thought to account for most cases of hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome （HIDS） with recurrent fever. However, its mechanism and the relationship between elevated serum immunoglobulin D （IgD） and the clinical features of HIDS are unclear. In this study, we generated by fusion PCR a vector to express high levels of chimeric secretory IgD （cslgD） specifically in the liver. We then generated seven founder lines of transgenic mice by co-microinjection, and verified them using genomic PCR and Southern blotting. We detected the expression of csIgD by reverse transcription PCR, quantitative PCR, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We demonstrated that csIgD could be specifically and stably expressed in the liver. We used flow cytometry to show that overexpression of csIgD in the bone marrow and spleen cells had no effect on B cell development. Morphologic and anatomical observation of the transgenic mice revealed skin damage, hepatosplenomegaly, and nephromegaly in some transgenic mice; in these mice, pathological sections showed high levels of cell necrosis and protein-like sediments in the liver, spleen, and kidney. We demonstrated that the genomic insertion sites of the transgeues did not disrupt the MVK gene on mouse chromosome 5. This transgenic mouse will be useful to explore the pathogenesis of HIDS.