Tolerance is essential for integration of CAD and CAM. Unfortunately, the meaning of tolerances in the national standard is expressed in graphical and language forms and is not adaptable for expression, processing and...Tolerance is essential for integration of CAD and CAM. Unfortunately, the meaning of tolerances in the national standard is expressed in graphical and language forms and is not adaptable for expression, processing and data transferring with computers. How to interpret its semantics is becoming a focus of relevant studies. This work based on the mathematical definition of form tolerance in ANSI Y 14.5.1 M-1994, established the mathematical model of form tolerance for cylindrical feature. First, each tolerance in the national standard was established by vector equation. Then on the foundation of toler-ance's mathematical definition theory, each tolerance zone's mathematical model was established by inequality based on degrees of feature. At last the variance area of each tolerance zone is derived. This model can interpret the semantics of form tolerance exactly and completely.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate accuracy of in vivo diagnosis of ad- enomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps using/-SCAN digital chromoendoscopy compared with high-definition white light. METHODS： This is a single-center comparative e...AIM： To evaluate accuracy of in vivo diagnosis of ad- enomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps using/-SCAN digital chromoendoscopy compared with high-definition white light. METHODS： This is a single-center comparative effec- tiveness pilot study. Polyps （n = 103） from 75 average- risk adult outpatients undergoing screening or surveil- lance colonoscopy between December 1, 2010 and April 1, 2011 were evaluated by two participating en- doscopists in an academic outpatient endoscopy center. Polyps were evaluated both with high-definition white light and with/-SCAN to make an/n vivo prediction of adenomatous vs non-adenomatous pathology. We de- termined diagnostic characteristics of/-SCAN and high- definition white light, including sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, with regards to identifying adenomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps. Histopathologic diagnosis was the gold standard comparison. RESULTS： One hundred and three small polyps, de- tected from forty-three patients, were included in the analysis. The average size of the polyps evaluated in the analysis was 3.7 mm （SD 1.3 mm, range 2 mm to 8 mm）. Formal histopathology revealed that 54/103 （52.4%） were adenomas, 26/103 （25.2%） were hyper- plastic, and 23/103 （22.3%） were other diagnoses in- clude ＂lymphoid aggregates＂, ＂non-specific colitis,＂ and ＂no pathologic diagnosis.＂ Overall, the combined accu- racy of endoscopists for predicting adenomas was iden- tical between/-SCAN （71.8%, 95%CI： 62.1%-80.3%） and high-definition white light （71.8%, 95%CI： 62.1%-80.3%）. However, the accuracy of each endosco- pist differed substantially, where endoscopist A demon- strated 63.0% overall accuracy （95%CI： 50.9%-74.0%） as compared with endoscopist B demonstrating 93.3% overall accuracy （95%CI： 77.9%-99.2%）, irrespective of imaging modality. Neither endoscopist demonstrated a significant learning effect with i-SCAN during the study. Though endoscopist A increased accuracy using/-SCAN from 59% （95%CI： 42.1%-74.4%） in the first half to 67.6% （95%CI： 49.5%-82.6%） in the second half, and endoscopist B decreased accuracy usingi-SCAN from 100% （95%CI： 80.5%-100.0%） in the first half to 84.6% （95%CI： 54.6%-98.1%） in the second half, nei- ther of these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION：i-SCAN and high-definition white light had similar efficacy predicting polyp histology. Endosco- pist training likely plays a critical role in diagnostic test characteristics and deserves further study.展开更多
Texture extract from digital aerial image is widely used in three-dimensional city modeling to generate “photo-realistic” views. In this paper, a method based on reforming “Steep edge” curve, which clearly explain...Texture extract from digital aerial image is widely used in three-dimensional city modeling to generate “photo-realistic” views. In this paper, a method based on reforming “Steep edge” curve, which clearly explains how the diffraction of the sunlight makes digital aerial image blurring, is proposed to deblur the texture extraction from digital aerial image, and the experiment shows a good result in visualization and automation.展开更多
In this paper, we compute the Bergman kernel function on WIII.and RIII(q) denote the Cartan domain of the third class. Because domain WIII is neither homogeneous domain nor Reinhardt domain, we will use a new way to s...In this paper, we compute the Bergman kernel function on WIII.and RIII(q) denote the Cartan domain of the third class. Because domain WIII is neither homogeneous domain nor Reinhardt domain, we will use a new way to solve this problem. First, we give a holomorphic automorphism group, such that for any Zo, there exists an element of this group, which maps (W, Zo) into (W,O). Second, introduce the concept of semi-Reinhardt and discuss the complete orthonormal system of this domain.展开更多
This study aimed to examine the relationship between meteorological variables and the clearness index for three sites in Cuiaba city and one site in Chapada dos Guimaraes city, Brazil during 2007. It described the mic...This study aimed to examine the relationship between meteorological variables and the clearness index for three sites in Cuiaba city and one site in Chapada dos Guimaraes city, Brazil during 2007. It described the microclimate of each site on the basis of constructive elements and their surroundings, considering sky coverage using a daily clearness index. The results were that micrometeorological values were influenced by the natural elements and construction within the surrounding site, with higher air temperatures in more urbanized areas and sites with high diffuse radiation. When determining the sky coverage, on average, the days were partly cloudy or cloudy due to two reasons： （a） during the wet season, rainfall created cloudy conditions and （b） during the dry season, increases of particulates in the atmosphere as a result of anthropogenic emissions of gases and aerosols in this region of the state resulted in sky conditions classified as partly cloudy and cloudy. Future research should aim to better quantify the measurements taken inside an urban area, considering the topography and vegetation cover. This will improve the models that support urban planning, therefore favoring the thermal comfort of areas already occupied or to be urbanized.展开更多
This paper presents a detailed experimental and numerical study of aerodynamically produced noise which occurs due to turbulent structures created by the cowl cavity and side mirror. Measurements were carried out at V...This paper presents a detailed experimental and numerical study of aerodynamically produced noise which occurs due to turbulent structures created by the cowl cavity and side mirror. Measurements were carried out at Volvo aerodynamical wind tunnel on a Volvo XC60 production model. The configurations considered here are： side mirror On/Off with the cowl cavity open/closed. The results of exterior sound source mapping （with the intensity probe placed in the flow stream） have been compared with the results of the measurements inside the car. The contribution of the cowl area to overall wind noise level is measured in terms of AI% （Articulation Index） inside the compartment. It was shown that increase in AI by 2% could be attributed to the cowl generated wind noise. Transient numerical simulations of the turbulent flow around the car have been performed for all configurations. The results of the simulations show similarity to experimental results and give insight to the flow structures around the car.展开更多
Frame rate is corresponding to the temporal resolution and the number of the pixels of the picture is corresponding to the spatial resolution. They are both very important for the researchers. The ideal image analysis...Frame rate is corresponding to the temporal resolution and the number of the pixels of the picture is corresponding to the spatial resolution. They are both very important for the researchers. The ideal image analysis and processing system should have high spatiotemporal characteristics, which is much expensive in practical use. A new method to enhance dynamic frame rate using multi-digital camera(DC) is proposed and the result shows that it could increase the frame rate effectively and decreases the cost in practical use.展开更多
The fundamental aspects of digital broadcasting are its service flexibility and power savings, which make all-digital satellite broadcasting a viable and economic propositon compared with analog broadcasting. Tendenci...The fundamental aspects of digital broadcasting are its service flexibility and power savings, which make all-digital satellite broadcasting a viable and economic propositon compared with analog broadcasting. Tendencies in the development of digital television broadcasting are: (1) Stereophonic or two-language sound transmission with television in existing analog TV system, (2) Digital direct satellite broadcasting (D-DBS); (3)Digital high definition television (HDTV) Broadcasting.展开更多
Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and cov...Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and covering theorems, as well as sharp coefficient bounds for various subsets of S^＊k＋1（B）.展开更多
This paper reports an empirical study on the intelligibility of English spoken by Chinese University students, aiming to identify the factors that hamper intelligibility and suggest the pedagogical priorities in pronu...This paper reports an empirical study on the intelligibility of English spoken by Chinese University students, aiming to identify the factors that hamper intelligibility and suggest the pedagogical priorities in pronunciation teaching. The participants were 45 university sophomores, whose recorded data were transcribed and evaluated correspondingly by 45 educated listeners from 22 different countries. The results reveal that although the speakers＇ English may have strong accents, it is intelligible to international listeners to a great extent. Phonological problems that hamper intelligibility are vowel length and quality, simplification of diphthongs, voiced and voiceless plosives, dental fricative, word ending nasals, consonant clusters as well as stress, rhythm and intonation.展开更多
文摘Tolerance is essential for integration of CAD and CAM. Unfortunately, the meaning of tolerances in the national standard is expressed in graphical and language forms and is not adaptable for expression, processing and data transferring with computers. How to interpret its semantics is becoming a focus of relevant studies. This work based on the mathematical definition of form tolerance in ANSI Y 14.5.1 M-1994, established the mathematical model of form tolerance for cylindrical feature. First, each tolerance in the national standard was established by vector equation. Then on the foundation of toler-ance's mathematical definition theory, each tolerance zone's mathematical model was established by inequality based on degrees of feature. At last the variance area of each tolerance zone is derived. This model can interpret the semantics of form tolerance exactly and completely.
基金Supported by An Unrestricted Educational Grant from PENTAX Medical CompanyA Career Development Research Awardfrom the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy,to Dr.Gellad
文摘AIM： To evaluate accuracy of in vivo diagnosis of ad- enomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps using/-SCAN digital chromoendoscopy compared with high-definition white light. METHODS： This is a single-center comparative effec- tiveness pilot study. Polyps （n = 103） from 75 average- risk adult outpatients undergoing screening or surveil- lance colonoscopy between December 1, 2010 and April 1, 2011 were evaluated by two participating en- doscopists in an academic outpatient endoscopy center. Polyps were evaluated both with high-definition white light and with/-SCAN to make an/n vivo prediction of adenomatous vs non-adenomatous pathology. We de- termined diagnostic characteristics of/-SCAN and high- definition white light, including sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, with regards to identifying adenomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps. Histopathologic diagnosis was the gold standard comparison. RESULTS： One hundred and three small polyps, de- tected from forty-three patients, were included in the analysis. The average size of the polyps evaluated in the analysis was 3.7 mm （SD 1.3 mm, range 2 mm to 8 mm）. Formal histopathology revealed that 54/103 （52.4%） were adenomas, 26/103 （25.2%） were hyper- plastic, and 23/103 （22.3%） were other diagnoses in- clude ＂lymphoid aggregates＂, ＂non-specific colitis,＂ and ＂no pathologic diagnosis.＂ Overall, the combined accu- racy of endoscopists for predicting adenomas was iden- tical between/-SCAN （71.8%, 95%CI： 62.1%-80.3%） and high-definition white light （71.8%, 95%CI： 62.1%-80.3%）. However, the accuracy of each endosco- pist differed substantially, where endoscopist A demon- strated 63.0% overall accuracy （95%CI： 50.9%-74.0%） as compared with endoscopist B demonstrating 93.3% overall accuracy （95%CI： 77.9%-99.2%）, irrespective of imaging modality. Neither endoscopist demonstrated a significant learning effect with i-SCAN during the study. Though endoscopist A increased accuracy using/-SCAN from 59% （95%CI： 42.1%-74.4%） in the first half to 67.6% （95%CI： 49.5%-82.6%） in the second half, and endoscopist B decreased accuracy usingi-SCAN from 100% （95%CI： 80.5%-100.0%） in the first half to 84.6% （95%CI： 54.6%-98.1%） in the second half, nei- ther of these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION：i-SCAN and high-definition white light had similar efficacy predicting polyp histology. Endosco- pist training likely plays a critical role in diagnostic test characteristics and deserves further study.
文摘Texture extract from digital aerial image is widely used in three-dimensional city modeling to generate “photo-realistic” views. In this paper, a method based on reforming “Steep edge” curve, which clearly explains how the diffraction of the sunlight makes digital aerial image blurring, is proposed to deblur the texture extraction from digital aerial image, and the experiment shows a good result in visualization and automation.
文摘In this paper, we compute the Bergman kernel function on WIII.and RIII(q) denote the Cartan domain of the third class. Because domain WIII is neither homogeneous domain nor Reinhardt domain, we will use a new way to solve this problem. First, we give a holomorphic automorphism group, such that for any Zo, there exists an element of this group, which maps (W, Zo) into (W,O). Second, introduce the concept of semi-Reinhardt and discuss the complete orthonormal system of this domain.
文摘This study aimed to examine the relationship between meteorological variables and the clearness index for three sites in Cuiaba city and one site in Chapada dos Guimaraes city, Brazil during 2007. It described the microclimate of each site on the basis of constructive elements and their surroundings, considering sky coverage using a daily clearness index. The results were that micrometeorological values were influenced by the natural elements and construction within the surrounding site, with higher air temperatures in more urbanized areas and sites with high diffuse radiation. When determining the sky coverage, on average, the days were partly cloudy or cloudy due to two reasons： （a） during the wet season, rainfall created cloudy conditions and （b） during the dry season, increases of particulates in the atmosphere as a result of anthropogenic emissions of gases and aerosols in this region of the state resulted in sky conditions classified as partly cloudy and cloudy. Future research should aim to better quantify the measurements taken inside an urban area, considering the topography and vegetation cover. This will improve the models that support urban planning, therefore favoring the thermal comfort of areas already occupied or to be urbanized.
文摘This paper presents a detailed experimental and numerical study of aerodynamically produced noise which occurs due to turbulent structures created by the cowl cavity and side mirror. Measurements were carried out at Volvo aerodynamical wind tunnel on a Volvo XC60 production model. The configurations considered here are： side mirror On/Off with the cowl cavity open/closed. The results of exterior sound source mapping （with the intensity probe placed in the flow stream） have been compared with the results of the measurements inside the car. The contribution of the cowl area to overall wind noise level is measured in terms of AI% （Articulation Index） inside the compartment. It was shown that increase in AI by 2% could be attributed to the cowl generated wind noise. Transient numerical simulations of the turbulent flow around the car have been performed for all configurations. The results of the simulations show similarity to experimental results and give insight to the flow structures around the car.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(30227001)
文摘Frame rate is corresponding to the temporal resolution and the number of the pixels of the picture is corresponding to the spatial resolution. They are both very important for the researchers. The ideal image analysis and processing system should have high spatiotemporal characteristics, which is much expensive in practical use. A new method to enhance dynamic frame rate using multi-digital camera(DC) is proposed and the result shows that it could increase the frame rate effectively and decreases the cost in practical use.
文摘The fundamental aspects of digital broadcasting are its service flexibility and power savings, which make all-digital satellite broadcasting a viable and economic propositon compared with analog broadcasting. Tendencies in the development of digital television broadcasting are: (1) Stereophonic or two-language sound transmission with television in existing analog TV system, (2) Digital direct satellite broadcasting (D-DBS); (3)Digital high definition television (HDTV) Broadcasting.
基金Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Nos.19540205,200717540138,2007).
文摘Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and covering theorems, as well as sharp coefficient bounds for various subsets of S^＊k＋1（B）.
基金supported by the Human and Social Sciences Foundation of Ministry of Education entitled "The International Intelligibility of English Spoken by Chinese University Students"(Grant No.11YJC740142)the Fundamental Research Funds for National UniversityChina University of Geosciences(Grant No.CUG130105)
文摘This paper reports an empirical study on the intelligibility of English spoken by Chinese University students, aiming to identify the factors that hamper intelligibility and suggest the pedagogical priorities in pronunciation teaching. The participants were 45 university sophomores, whose recorded data were transcribed and evaluated correspondingly by 45 educated listeners from 22 different countries. The results reveal that although the speakers＇ English may have strong accents, it is intelligible to international listeners to a great extent. Phonological problems that hamper intelligibility are vowel length and quality, simplification of diphthongs, voiced and voiceless plosives, dental fricative, word ending nasals, consonant clusters as well as stress, rhythm and intonation.
