An electricity generation planning model of the six major Chinese power grids was developed based on the General Algebraic Modeling System to evaluate and analyze the CDM （clean development mechanism）, including con...An electricity generation planning model of the six major Chinese power grids was developed based on the General Algebraic Modeling System to evaluate and analyze the CDM （clean development mechanism）, including consideration of the environmental co-benefits of reductions in air pollutants （SO~, NO~ and particulate matter） achieved by advanced electricity generation technologies incorporating CCS （carbon capture and storage）. An objective function was developed that included revenue from sales of electric power, total system cost, the cost of CO2 transport and storage, and emissions reduction co-benefits for SOx, NO~, and particulate matter. The objective function was minimized using an optimization model. We also developed a method for evaluating and analyzing the potential for transferring advanced power generation technologies into the Chinese power system through the CDM. We found that： （1） thermal power generation is predominant in the Chinese electricity system and will remain so for a long time; （2） advanced thermal plants are being installed as a result of the CDM, which contribute to decreasing emissions of CO2 and other air pollutants; and （3） CCS projects have significant potential to reduce substantial and sustained CO2 emissions from the Chinese power and industrial sectors.展开更多
Ivano-Frankivsk oblast is located in the south-western part of Ukraine, close to the geographical center of Europe at the junction of the two major geographic units, the East European Plain and the Eastern Carpathians...Ivano-Frankivsk oblast is located in the south-western part of Ukraine, close to the geographical center of Europe at the junction of the two major geographic units, the East European Plain and the Eastern Carpathians （the Carpathian region of Ukraine）. Between September 2013 and September 2015, the expert group of the Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University conducted the mobile monitoring of air cleanliness in Ivano-Frankivsk region; the authors monitored the level of air contamination with seven gases： carbon monoxide and dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, beta-particles, and gamma radiation. For this purpose, there were used six automatic analyzers ＂Dozor-C-P＂, the formaldehyde Gas Analyzer ＂MIC-98170＂, and the radiometer ＂TERRA＂. The monitoring resulted in the making of three maps of Ivano-Frankivsk region, on which the average levels of concentration of three particular gases （CO2, SO2, and CH20） throughout all the districts of the oblast were marked. There was registered the excess of CH20 limits--the consequences of the presence of the chipboard and wood-fiber production, for which formaldehyde is used as a raw material. Also there was observed the excess of SO2 in the air caused by gas fumes from vehicles and thermal power stations.展开更多
Eco -industry is a new pattern for industrial development. This paper briefly reviews the progress of eco -industry. The research work of Center for Industrial Ecology, Chemical Engineering Department, Tsinghua Univer...Eco -industry is a new pattern for industrial development. This paper briefly reviews the progress of eco -industry. The research work of Center for Industrial Ecology, Chemical Engineering Department, Tsinghua University is well introduced. Several academic issues that need further research are suggested from a system engineering point of view.展开更多
文摘An electricity generation planning model of the six major Chinese power grids was developed based on the General Algebraic Modeling System to evaluate and analyze the CDM （clean development mechanism）, including consideration of the environmental co-benefits of reductions in air pollutants （SO~, NO~ and particulate matter） achieved by advanced electricity generation technologies incorporating CCS （carbon capture and storage）. An objective function was developed that included revenue from sales of electric power, total system cost, the cost of CO2 transport and storage, and emissions reduction co-benefits for SOx, NO~, and particulate matter. The objective function was minimized using an optimization model. We also developed a method for evaluating and analyzing the potential for transferring advanced power generation technologies into the Chinese power system through the CDM. We found that： （1） thermal power generation is predominant in the Chinese electricity system and will remain so for a long time; （2） advanced thermal plants are being installed as a result of the CDM, which contribute to decreasing emissions of CO2 and other air pollutants; and （3） CCS projects have significant potential to reduce substantial and sustained CO2 emissions from the Chinese power and industrial sectors.
文摘Ivano-Frankivsk oblast is located in the south-western part of Ukraine, close to the geographical center of Europe at the junction of the two major geographic units, the East European Plain and the Eastern Carpathians （the Carpathian region of Ukraine）. Between September 2013 and September 2015, the expert group of the Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University conducted the mobile monitoring of air cleanliness in Ivano-Frankivsk region; the authors monitored the level of air contamination with seven gases： carbon monoxide and dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, beta-particles, and gamma radiation. For this purpose, there were used six automatic analyzers ＂Dozor-C-P＂, the formaldehyde Gas Analyzer ＂MIC-98170＂, and the radiometer ＂TERRA＂. The monitoring resulted in the making of three maps of Ivano-Frankivsk region, on which the average levels of concentration of three particular gases （CO2, SO2, and CH20） throughout all the districts of the oblast were marked. There was registered the excess of CH20 limits--the consequences of the presence of the chipboard and wood-fiber production, for which formaldehyde is used as a raw material. Also there was observed the excess of SO2 in the air caused by gas fumes from vehicles and thermal power stations.
文摘Eco -industry is a new pattern for industrial development. This paper briefly reviews the progress of eco -industry. The research work of Center for Industrial Ecology, Chemical Engineering Department, Tsinghua University is well introduced. Several academic issues that need further research are suggested from a system engineering point of view.
