This paper presents debris-flow numerical simulations using the Hyper KANAKO system,developed by the authors.The system uses the debris flow simulator KANAKO 2D equipped with a graphical user interface(GUI);hence,a us...This paper presents debris-flow numerical simulations using the Hyper KANAKO system,developed by the authors.The system uses the debris flow simulator KANAKO 2D equipped with a graphical user interface(GUI);hence,a user can easily produce appropriate landform data for simulations using standard laser profiler data,and visualize the results using a GIS.Hyper KANAKO was applied to the streams around Kiyomizu-dera in Kyoto,Japan.Kiyomizu-dera is a famous temple in Japan which is visited by numerous tourists throughout the year.We simulated a disaster scenario of debris flow caused by torrential rain.We set the hydrograph using rainfall intensity data,and set the landform data using information from the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan(GSI) and a digital elevation model(DEM).We evaluated different mesh sizes and also used a digital surface model(DSM) to consider the building heights.The simulation results showed that with small mesh size,the debris flowmoved through the roads,which seems realistic for a disaster situation.When buildings were considered,the flow direction changed,and a 1-m flow depth,which was deeper than in other cases,appeared in the flow path.This may pose a dangerous situation for evacuations.展开更多
This paper presents a new concept of TIRFE （total integration of renewable and fossil energies）, represented by an octagonal structure of all sources, vectors of transmission and optimization of consumption, aiming ...This paper presents a new concept of TIRFE （total integration of renewable and fossil energies）, represented by an octagonal structure of all sources, vectors of transmission and optimization of consumption, aiming to a clean and sustainable energy system. The main TIRFE technologies are： cogeneration of H2 and EE （electric energy） by H2-BGSCW/TEU （biomass gasification in supercritical water integrated with a thermoelectric unit）; use of H2 from biomass in oil refinery processes for production of light and clean derivatives; supply of 1-12 deficiency for methanol production from coal; carbon sequestration by a basket of technologies （exhausted petroleum and gas） wells, underground saline aquifers, forests and stockpile of cellulignin-CL-produced from forest residues）; use of H2-BGSCW/TEU as district CHP （combined heat and power） with photovoltaic panels for EE, including electric car battery recharge; optimization of energy consumption by verticalization of the cities replacing low strength materials （bricks and common cement） by high performance concrete with addition of silica from rice husk. TIRFE helps to solve key problems of H2-BGSCW/TEU, such as materials, energy recovery, plugging, corrosion, economics and energy security for the first generation of plants, and organizes the development for the second generation. TIRFE can be incrementally implanted in existent and new cities.展开更多
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No.24710206,Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
文摘This paper presents debris-flow numerical simulations using the Hyper KANAKO system,developed by the authors.The system uses the debris flow simulator KANAKO 2D equipped with a graphical user interface(GUI);hence,a user can easily produce appropriate landform data for simulations using standard laser profiler data,and visualize the results using a GIS.Hyper KANAKO was applied to the streams around Kiyomizu-dera in Kyoto,Japan.Kiyomizu-dera is a famous temple in Japan which is visited by numerous tourists throughout the year.We simulated a disaster scenario of debris flow caused by torrential rain.We set the hydrograph using rainfall intensity data,and set the landform data using information from the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan(GSI) and a digital elevation model(DEM).We evaluated different mesh sizes and also used a digital surface model(DSM) to consider the building heights.The simulation results showed that with small mesh size,the debris flowmoved through the roads,which seems realistic for a disaster situation.When buildings were considered,the flow direction changed,and a 1-m flow depth,which was deeper than in other cases,appeared in the flow path.This may pose a dangerous situation for evacuations.
文摘This paper presents a new concept of TIRFE （total integration of renewable and fossil energies）, represented by an octagonal structure of all sources, vectors of transmission and optimization of consumption, aiming to a clean and sustainable energy system. The main TIRFE technologies are： cogeneration of H2 and EE （electric energy） by H2-BGSCW/TEU （biomass gasification in supercritical water integrated with a thermoelectric unit）; use of H2 from biomass in oil refinery processes for production of light and clean derivatives; supply of 1-12 deficiency for methanol production from coal; carbon sequestration by a basket of technologies （exhausted petroleum and gas） wells, underground saline aquifers, forests and stockpile of cellulignin-CL-produced from forest residues）; use of H2-BGSCW/TEU as district CHP （combined heat and power） with photovoltaic panels for EE, including electric car battery recharge; optimization of energy consumption by verticalization of the cities replacing low strength materials （bricks and common cement） by high performance concrete with addition of silica from rice husk. TIRFE helps to solve key problems of H2-BGSCW/TEU, such as materials, energy recovery, plugging, corrosion, economics and energy security for the first generation of plants, and organizes the development for the second generation. TIRFE can be incrementally implanted in existent and new cities.
