As part of a project that assessed a proposed artificial reef site, this study compared benthic foraminiferal assemblages from three substrata： sediment, natural lime rock and recruitment tiles. The assemblage from s...As part of a project that assessed a proposed artificial reef site, this study compared benthic foraminiferal assemblages from three substrata： sediment, natural lime rock and recruitment tiles. The assemblage from sediment samples included 21 foraminiferal species representing 12 genera and was dominated by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia and Elphidium. Natural lime rock and recruitment tiles yielded 21 foraminiferal species representing 11 genera, which were dominated by miliolids. Intersample variability was characterized by ＂pulsating patches＂ as has been previously described for Florida estuaries. The predominance of stress-tolerant taxa in sediments was consistent with other observations from the site, which indicated that proposed artificial reef structures were not likely to recruit significant coral-reef biota.展开更多
Consequences of decommissioning oil fields on artisanal fishing activities are still little known in the literature. This paper is intended to shed some light on a process of dismantling and sinking of oil and gas str...Consequences of decommissioning oil fields on artisanal fishing activities are still little known in the literature. This paper is intended to shed some light on a process of dismantling and sinking of oil and gas structures in shallow waters, with severe disturbing impacts on low income artisanal fishing activities. From a socio-economic perspective, the relationship of oil industry with local communities is described, with the main perceived problems pointed out in local fishermen leadership perspective. The notions of ＂damages＂ and ＂mitigation＂ used by the oil industry are discussed in connection to the expansion and dismantling of oil installations during the past 20 yrs. A comparative view of oil fields decommissioning in Europe and Brazil during the late 1990s suggests the need to review transparency and social commitment standards which have been far less prominent in this Brazilian case. The authors believe that the Brazilian oil industry has acquired a social and environmental debt towards the whole society, as far as it has been unable to establish a clear and effective process for decommissioning their oil installations within the artisanal fishing areas of the Todosos Santos Bay. Furthermore, the discussion of fair and specific compensations has been avoided, which otherwise would be instrumental to regain local economic conditions found among fishermen just few decades ago.展开更多
文摘As part of a project that assessed a proposed artificial reef site, this study compared benthic foraminiferal assemblages from three substrata： sediment, natural lime rock and recruitment tiles. The assemblage from sediment samples included 21 foraminiferal species representing 12 genera and was dominated by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia and Elphidium. Natural lime rock and recruitment tiles yielded 21 foraminiferal species representing 11 genera, which were dominated by miliolids. Intersample variability was characterized by ＂pulsating patches＂ as has been previously described for Florida estuaries. The predominance of stress-tolerant taxa in sediments was consistent with other observations from the site, which indicated that proposed artificial reef structures were not likely to recruit significant coral-reef biota.
文摘Consequences of decommissioning oil fields on artisanal fishing activities are still little known in the literature. This paper is intended to shed some light on a process of dismantling and sinking of oil and gas structures in shallow waters, with severe disturbing impacts on low income artisanal fishing activities. From a socio-economic perspective, the relationship of oil industry with local communities is described, with the main perceived problems pointed out in local fishermen leadership perspective. The notions of ＂damages＂ and ＂mitigation＂ used by the oil industry are discussed in connection to the expansion and dismantling of oil installations during the past 20 yrs. A comparative view of oil fields decommissioning in Europe and Brazil during the late 1990s suggests the need to review transparency and social commitment standards which have been far less prominent in this Brazilian case. The authors believe that the Brazilian oil industry has acquired a social and environmental debt towards the whole society, as far as it has been unable to establish a clear and effective process for decommissioning their oil installations within the artisanal fishing areas of the Todosos Santos Bay. Furthermore, the discussion of fair and specific compensations has been avoided, which otherwise would be instrumental to regain local economic conditions found among fishermen just few decades ago.
