Reinforcement inside the concrete is protected from corrosion and its damages until several years after the construction. After corrosion initiation, the cross section of reinforcement begins to reduce and often load ...Reinforcement inside the concrete is protected from corrosion and its damages until several years after the construction. After corrosion initiation, the cross section of reinforcement begins to reduce and often load bearing of the reinforced concrete structure will be reduced significantly. Corrosion of reinforcements in concrete in polluted and contaminated areas can occur in two ways: chloride and carbonation. In this work, meta-heuristic approach of charged system search(CSS) is used to calculate corrosion occurrence probability due to chloride ions penetration. The model efficiency is verified by comparing the available examples in technical literature and results of Monte Carlo analysis. According to the analyses performed, using different probabilistic distributions regardless of probabilistic moments based on real distribution leads to diverse results. In addition, influence of each effective parameter in corrosion occurrence varies by changing other parameters.展开更多
Convection-enhanced delivery （CED） is a promising technique leveraging pressure-driven flow to increase penetration of infused drugs into interstitial spaces. We have developed a fiberoptic microneedle device for in...Convection-enhanced delivery （CED） is a promising technique leveraging pressure-driven flow to increase penetration of infused drugs into interstitial spaces. We have developed a fiberoptic microneedle device for inducing local sub-lethal hyperthermia to further improve CED drug distribution volumes, and this study seeks to quantitatively characterize this approach in agarose tissue phantoms. Infusions of dye were conducted in 0.6% （w/w） agarose tissue phantoms with isothermal conditions at 15 ℃, 20℃, 25 ℃, and 30 ℃. Infusion metrics were quantified using a custom shadowgraphy setup and image- processing algorithm. These data were used to build an empirical predictive temporal model of distribution volume as a function of phantom temperature. A second set of proof- of-concept experiments was conducted to evaluate a novel fiberoptic device capable of generating local photothermal heating during fluid infusion. The isothermal infusions showed a positive correlation between temperature and distribution volume, with the volume at 30℃ showing a 7-fold increase at 100 min over the 15 ℃ isothermal case. Infusions during photothermal heating （1064 nm at 500 mW） showed a similar effect with a 3.5-fold increase at 4 h over the control （0 mW）. These results and analyses serve to provide insight into and characterization of heat-mediated enhancement of volumetric dispersal.展开更多
Accuracy of simulated permeability can be improved using soft data during the process of simulation. Integrating soft data with hard data, a method based on COSISIM （sequential indicator cosimulation） was proposed t...Accuracy of simulated permeability can be improved using soft data during the process of simulation. Integrating soft data with hard data, a method based on COSISIM （sequential indicator cosimulation） was proposed to reconstruct permeability. The algorithm COSISIM extends the SISIM （sequential indicator simulation） algorithm to handle secondary data. At the difference of SISIM, data must already be an indicator-coded prior to using COSISIM. The soft data were integrated with hard data using the Markov-Bayes algorithm and must be coded into indicators before they are used. This method was tested on a regional simulation of permeability. The simulated results and the original distribution of permeability were compared. The experimental results demonstrate that this method is practical.展开更多
A particle mapping transportation algorithm was proposed on the basis of the particle-in-cell method.The particles with rectangular influence domains were employed in the transportation algorithm to reduce the numeric...A particle mapping transportation algorithm was proposed on the basis of the particle-in-cell method.The particles with rectangular influence domains were employed in the transportation algorithm to reduce the numerical fluctuations.Based on the error analysis in the process of particle motion computation,a prediction-correction algorithm was introduced to improve the computational accuracy.Furthermore,the performance of the particle mapping transportation method was evaluated by using the rotation,the slotted disk and the shear advection tests,and the results were compared with other interface reconstruction methods.Finally,the hemispherical projectile penetration into a steel target was numerically simulated.The results showed that the proposed method produced less numerical fluctuations and exhibited clear material interfaces,which indicated that it is accurate and effective.展开更多
文摘针对低压电流互感器表面裂纹的提取与判定,提出基于渗透算法和改进型OPTA(One-Pass Thinning Algorithm)的互感器表面裂纹检测算法。首先获取互感器表面的灰度图像;其次根据裂纹区域像素值、亮度变化,通过设定种子像素点、亮度阈值,利用渗透算法渗透得到二值图;再次从裂纹连通性入手,利用改进型OPTA提取ROI(Region of Interest)的骨架,骨架由单像素点组成;最后利用裂纹具有分叉性的特点,像素点的邻域点个数超过2的即可判定为裂纹。实验表明,渗透算法能够有效地从图像中提取出ROI,并保持了ROI的线性特征,改进型OPTA使ROI完全细化为单像素图像,提出的邻域点判别法检测效率在97%以上,相较于所提其他检测方法有明显提高。
文摘Reinforcement inside the concrete is protected from corrosion and its damages until several years after the construction. After corrosion initiation, the cross section of reinforcement begins to reduce and often load bearing of the reinforced concrete structure will be reduced significantly. Corrosion of reinforcements in concrete in polluted and contaminated areas can occur in two ways: chloride and carbonation. In this work, meta-heuristic approach of charged system search(CSS) is used to calculate corrosion occurrence probability due to chloride ions penetration. The model efficiency is verified by comparing the available examples in technical literature and results of Monte Carlo analysis. According to the analyses performed, using different probabilistic distributions regardless of probabilistic moments based on real distribution leads to diverse results. In addition, influence of each effective parameter in corrosion occurrence varies by changing other parameters.
基金the Coulter Foundation and NIH (NIH/NCI 1R21CA156078) for their funding of this project
文摘Convection-enhanced delivery （CED） is a promising technique leveraging pressure-driven flow to increase penetration of infused drugs into interstitial spaces. We have developed a fiberoptic microneedle device for inducing local sub-lethal hyperthermia to further improve CED drug distribution volumes, and this study seeks to quantitatively characterize this approach in agarose tissue phantoms. Infusions of dye were conducted in 0.6% （w/w） agarose tissue phantoms with isothermal conditions at 15 ℃, 20℃, 25 ℃, and 30 ℃. Infusion metrics were quantified using a custom shadowgraphy setup and image- processing algorithm. These data were used to build an empirical predictive temporal model of distribution volume as a function of phantom temperature. A second set of proof- of-concept experiments was conducted to evaluate a novel fiberoptic device capable of generating local photothermal heating during fluid infusion. The isothermal infusions showed a positive correlation between temperature and distribution volume, with the volume at 30℃ showing a 7-fold increase at 100 min over the 15 ℃ isothermal case. Infusions during photothermal heating （1064 nm at 500 mW） showed a similar effect with a 3.5-fold increase at 4 h over the control （0 mW）. These results and analyses serve to provide insight into and characterization of heat-mediated enhancement of volumetric dispersal.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（50874005）
文摘Accuracy of simulated permeability can be improved using soft data during the process of simulation. Integrating soft data with hard data, a method based on COSISIM （sequential indicator cosimulation） was proposed to reconstruct permeability. The algorithm COSISIM extends the SISIM （sequential indicator simulation） algorithm to handle secondary data. At the difference of SISIM, data must already be an indicator-coded prior to using COSISIM. The soft data were integrated with hard data using the Markov-Bayes algorithm and must be coded into indicators before they are used. This method was tested on a regional simulation of permeability. The simulated results and the original distribution of permeability were compared. The experimental results demonstrate that this method is practical.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB832706)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11032002 and 11172041)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(Grant No. ZDKT10-03c)
文摘A particle mapping transportation algorithm was proposed on the basis of the particle-in-cell method.The particles with rectangular influence domains were employed in the transportation algorithm to reduce the numerical fluctuations.Based on the error analysis in the process of particle motion computation,a prediction-correction algorithm was introduced to improve the computational accuracy.Furthermore,the performance of the particle mapping transportation method was evaluated by using the rotation,the slotted disk and the shear advection tests,and the results were compared with other interface reconstruction methods.Finally,the hemispherical projectile penetration into a steel target was numerically simulated.The results showed that the proposed method produced less numerical fluctuations and exhibited clear material interfaces,which indicated that it is accurate and effective.
