提出了一种新型自适应罗盘搜索(Adaptive Compass Search,ACS)算法,用于非均匀温差分布(Non-uniform Temperature Distribution,NTD)条件下的集中式温差发电(Thermoelectric Generation,TEG)系统最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tra...提出了一种新型自适应罗盘搜索(Adaptive Compass Search,ACS)算法,用于非均匀温差分布(Non-uniform Temperature Distribution,NTD)条件下的集中式温差发电(Thermoelectric Generation,TEG)系统最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)。集中式TEG系统仅使用一个MPPT变换器,因此与组串式和模块式的TEG系统结构相比,其运行与维护成本较低。然而,在NTD条件下,集中式TEG系统通常会出现多个最大功率点(Maximum Power Point,MPP)。为有效寻找集中式TEG系统的全局MPP,采用了一种基于探索方向的自适应序列方式,通过利用过去的搜索结果来显著提高ACS的全局搜索能力。通过三个算例对ACS的MPPT性能进行了研究,即温度恒定、温度阶跃变化以及随机温度变化。仿真结果表明,与扰动观测(Perturb and Observe,P&O)算法、粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)算法和罗盘搜索(Compass Search,CS)算法相比,ACS能以更快的速度和更高的收敛稳定性获得高质量的全局MPP。展开更多
The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the ...The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the Runyang Cable-stayed Bridge,the daily variations as well as seasonal ones of measured temperature differences in the box girder cross-section area were summarized.The probability distribution models of temperature differences were further established and the extreme temperature differences were estimated with a return period of 100 years.Finally,the temperature difference models in cross-section area were proposed for bridge thermal design.The results show that horizontal temperature differences in top plate and vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are considerable.All the positive and negative temperature differences can be described by the weighted sum of two Weibull distributions.The maximum positive and negative horizontal temperature differences in top plate are 10.30 ℃ and -13.80 ℃,respectively.And the maximum positive and negative vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are 17.30 ℃ and-3.70 ℃,respectively.For bridge thermal design,there are two vertical temperature difference models between top plate and bottom plate,and six horizontal temperature difference models in top plate.展开更多
Using lAP AGCM simulation results for the period 1961-2005, summer hot days in China were calculated and then compared with observations. Generally, the spatial pattern of hot days is reasonably reproduced, with more ...Using lAP AGCM simulation results for the period 1961-2005, summer hot days in China were calculated and then compared with observations. Generally, the spatial pattern of hot days is reasonably reproduced, with more hot days found in northern China, the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin, the Chuan-Yu region, and southern Xinjiang. However, the model tends to overestimate the number of hot days in the above-mentioned regions, particularly in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin where the simulated summer-mean hot days is 13 days more than observed when averaged over the whole region, and the maximum overestimation of hot days can reach 23 days in the region. Analysis of the probability distribution of daily maximum temperature （Trnax） suggests that the warm bias in the model-simulated Tmax contributes largely to the overestimation of hot days in the model. Furthermore, the discrepancy in the simulated variance of the Tmax distribution also plays a non- negligible role in the overestimation of hot days. Indeed, the latter can even account for 22% of the total bias of simulated hot days in August in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin. The quantification of model bias from the mean value and variability can provide more information for further model improvement.展开更多
In this study,based on the established heat transfer and mechanical stress models,thermal stress distribution of glazing unit filled with paraffin was studied for various temperature differences between indoor and out...In this study,based on the established heat transfer and mechanical stress models,thermal stress distribution of glazing unit filled with paraffin was studied for various temperature differences between indoor and outdoor conditions.The strain produced on the surface of glazing unit filled with paraffin varies greatly in the outdoor temperature range of-30℃-40 ℃.Furthermore,phase change material(PCM) layer between the glass panes significantly affects the strain values at different temperatures,which can respectively reach up to about 250×10^(-6) and down to-300×10^(-6) for tensile and compressive strains once the paraffin is in liquid state.Additionally,impacts of boundary conditions on the strain values are more pronounced within the distance of 0.01 m from the edges of the glazing window.The presented model and outcomes can be used as a guide to simulate thermal stress in glazing units filled with paraffin.展开更多
文摘提出了一种新型自适应罗盘搜索(Adaptive Compass Search,ACS)算法,用于非均匀温差分布(Non-uniform Temperature Distribution,NTD)条件下的集中式温差发电(Thermoelectric Generation,TEG)系统最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)。集中式TEG系统仅使用一个MPPT变换器,因此与组串式和模块式的TEG系统结构相比,其运行与维护成本较低。然而,在NTD条件下,集中式TEG系统通常会出现多个最大功率点(Maximum Power Point,MPP)。为有效寻找集中式TEG系统的全局MPP,采用了一种基于探索方向的自适应序列方式,通过利用过去的搜索结果来显著提高ACS的全局搜索能力。通过三个算例对ACS的MPPT性能进行了研究,即温度恒定、温度阶跃变化以及随机温度变化。仿真结果表明,与扰动观测(Perturb and Observe,P&O)算法、粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)算法和罗盘搜索(Compass Search,CS)算法相比,ACS能以更快的速度和更高的收敛稳定性获得高质量的全局MPP。
基金Project(51178100)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(1105007001)supported by the Foundation of the Priority Academic Development Program of Higher Education Institute of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProject(3205001205)supported by the Teaching and Research Foundation for Excellent Young Teachers of Southeast University,China
文摘The extreme temperature differences in fiat steel box girder of a cable-stayed bridge were studied.Firstly,by using the long-term measurement data collected by the structural health monitoring system installed on the Runyang Cable-stayed Bridge,the daily variations as well as seasonal ones of measured temperature differences in the box girder cross-section area were summarized.The probability distribution models of temperature differences were further established and the extreme temperature differences were estimated with a return period of 100 years.Finally,the temperature difference models in cross-section area were proposed for bridge thermal design.The results show that horizontal temperature differences in top plate and vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are considerable.All the positive and negative temperature differences can be described by the weighted sum of two Weibull distributions.The maximum positive and negative horizontal temperature differences in top plate are 10.30 ℃ and -13.80 ℃,respectively.And the maximum positive and negative vertical temperature differences between top plate and bottom plate are 17.30 ℃ and-3.70 ℃,respectively.For bridge thermal design,there are two vertical temperature difference models between top plate and bottom plate,and six horizontal temperature difference models in top plate.
基金supported by the Special Scientific Research Fund of the Meteorological Public Welfare Profession of China[grant number GYHY01406021]National Key Research and Development Program[grant number 2016YFC0402702]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41575095,41175073]
文摘Using lAP AGCM simulation results for the period 1961-2005, summer hot days in China were calculated and then compared with observations. Generally, the spatial pattern of hot days is reasonably reproduced, with more hot days found in northern China, the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin, the Chuan-Yu region, and southern Xinjiang. However, the model tends to overestimate the number of hot days in the above-mentioned regions, particularly in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin where the simulated summer-mean hot days is 13 days more than observed when averaged over the whole region, and the maximum overestimation of hot days can reach 23 days in the region. Analysis of the probability distribution of daily maximum temperature （Trnax） suggests that the warm bias in the model-simulated Tmax contributes largely to the overestimation of hot days in the model. Furthermore, the discrepancy in the simulated variance of the Tmax distribution also plays a non- negligible role in the overestimation of hot days. Indeed, the latter can even account for 22% of the total bias of simulated hot days in August in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basin. The quantification of model bias from the mean value and variability can provide more information for further model improvement.
基金Project(52078110) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2018KYQD15) supported by Beibu Gulf Universityt,China。
文摘In this study,based on the established heat transfer and mechanical stress models,thermal stress distribution of glazing unit filled with paraffin was studied for various temperature differences between indoor and outdoor conditions.The strain produced on the surface of glazing unit filled with paraffin varies greatly in the outdoor temperature range of-30℃-40 ℃.Furthermore,phase change material(PCM) layer between the glass panes significantly affects the strain values at different temperatures,which can respectively reach up to about 250×10^(-6) and down to-300×10^(-6) for tensile and compressive strains once the paraffin is in liquid state.Additionally,impacts of boundary conditions on the strain values are more pronounced within the distance of 0.01 m from the edges of the glazing window.The presented model and outcomes can be used as a guide to simulate thermal stress in glazing units filled with paraffin.
