温度矩阵的采集与显示

温度是重要的物理参量,对人体温度、环境温度、粮仓温度、储油罐温度等都需要进行非常准确的测量和精密的控制。该文介绍了单片机STC89C52为核心,使用DS18B20温度传感器的四路温度采集与显示系统的工作原理和设计方法。

基于地表参数变化的延河流域地表温度时空演变分析

地表温度是地表能量平衡与陆面过程的重要参数,与地表参数变化关系密切。该文以黄土高原的延河流域为例,基于2015年、2018年和2020年Landsat OLI/TIRS影像,在利用大气校正法反演地表温度的基础上,提取影像归一化建筑指数(normalized difference built-up index,NDBI)、归一化植被指数(normalized differential vegetation index,NDVI)和归一化水汽指数(normalized difference moisture index,NDMI),分析地表温度与地表参数和土地利用类型的关系,以及地表温度时空变化特征。结果表明,地表温度的反演值与验证值在2015年、2018年和2020年的相关系数分别达0.569,0.675和0.632,均大于0.5,具有一定的准确性和可行性。从地表温度时空变化特征上看,低温区、次中温区、次高温区面积有所减少,而中温区面积增长较大,高温区面积略有增长,地表温度有向中、高温增长的趋势;从与土地利用类型的关系来看,下垫面覆盖类型的地表温度均呈现为水域<林地<草地<耕地<建设用地;从与地表参数的定量关系来看,延河流域地表温度变化与地表参数变化存在显著相关性,NDBI与地表温度变化呈正相关性,NDVI和NDMI与地表温度变化呈负相关性;从与地理环境因素的关系来看,地表温度随着海拔的升高而降低。在不同坡度上地表温度也体现差异性,其中平坡地表温度最高,坡度越陡温度越低。不同坡向地表温度具有显著差异,其中阳坡地表温度明显大于阴坡地表温度。研究结果可为复杂地区的地表水热环境研究提供参考。

牵引变电所红外温度监测图像处理方法研究

简述二维温度矩阵转化为红外图像的方法,从红外调色板提取RGB数组表,通过查表方式将温度值转换为RGB颜色值;提出红外图像与可见光图像融合的方法,采用灰度匹配的方式进行尺寸变换和轮廓匹配;并对这两种方法进行了实例化验证。

基于Reflected-Sigmoid径向基函数插值的温度场重建算法

声学法测温在特殊的温度场环境中有良好的应用,主要是利用有限的超声波传播路径上的飞行时间重构出连续分布的温度场.现有的温度场重建算法中最小二乘法是最常用的方法,但其重建后的温度场会出现边缘信息缺失的现象.针对这一问题,提出在最小二乘法确定温度矩阵的基础上,结合Reflected-Sigmoid函数进行插值,实现了二维平面温度场的无缺失重建.通过两种典型的单峰温度场模型的重建结果及误差分析表明,在补全温度场边缘的条件下,单峰对称温度场的均方根百分误差在1.6%,单峰偏斜温度场的均方根百分误差在3.5%,取得了很好的重建效果.

三流体分离型热管换热器性能分析及应用

建立了三流体分离型热管的传热分析模型,得到了各排热管具有相同换热面积和不同换热面积顺流和逆流换热器的温度传递矩阵方程。利用具有相同换热面积换热器的温度传递矩阵方程,导出了顺流和逆流换热器的2个传热有效度θ1、θ2与M1、M2、NTU1、NTU2、、U及Δti的关系式。应用所得的结果,对大型高炉热风炉的烟气余热回收装置进行了设计和变工况校核计算,实践证明结果正确。

Analytical solution of temperature in laminated beams subjected to general thermal boundary conditions

The temperature distribution in laminated beams underging thermal boundary conditions has been investigated.The thermal boundary conditions are general and include various combinations of prescribed heat fluxes and temperatures at the edges.An analytical solution of temperature for the laminated beam is present on the basis of the heat conduction theory in this paper.The proposed method is applicable to the beams with arbitrary thickness and layer numbers.Due to the complexity of the boundary conditions,the temperature field to be determined was considered from two sources.The first part was the temperature field from the complex temperature conditions at two edges of the laminated beam.The solution for the temperature of the first part was constructed to satisfy temperature boundary conditions at two edges.The second part was the temperature field from the upper and lower surface temperatures without taking account of the thermal conditions at two edges.In this part,the exact solution for the temperature was obtained based on the heat conduction theory.The convergence of the solution was examined by analyzing terms of Fourier series.The validity and feasibility of the proposed method was verified by comparing theoretical results with numerical results due to the equivalent single layer approach and the finite element method(FEM).The influences of surface temperatures,beam thicknesses,layer numbers and material properties with respects to the solution of the temperature field of the beam were investigated via a series of parametric studies.

Elasticity solution of laminated beams with temperature-dependent material properties under a combination of uniform thermo-load and mechanical loads

An exact solution for simply-supported laminated beams with material properties variable with temperature under a combination of uniform thermo-load and mechanical loads was investigated,based on the two-dimensional(2-D)thermo-elasticity theory.Firstly,the beam was divided into a series of layers with uniform material properties along the interfaces of the beam.The uniform thermo-load acted on each layer was transformed into a combination of the normal surface forces acted at the two ends and the transverse thermo-load.Secondly,the state space method was employed to obtain the general solutions of displacements and stresses in an arbitrary layer.Thirdly,based on the interfacial continuity conditions between adjacent layers,the relations of displacement and stress components between the top and bottom layers of the beam were recursively derived by use of the transfer-matrix method.The unknowns in the solutions can be solved by the mechanical loads acted on the top and bottom surfaces.The convergence of the present solutions was checked.The comparative study of the present solutions with the Timoshenko’s solutions and the finite element(FE)solutions was carried out.The effects of material properties variable with temperature on the thermo-elastic behavior of laminated beams were discussed in detail.

Temperature control for thermal treatment of aluminum alloy in a large-scale vertical quench furnace

The temperature control of the large-scale vertical quench furnace is very difficult due to its huge volume and complex thermal exchanges. To meet the technical requirement of the quenching process, a temperature control system which integrates temperature calibration and temperature uniformity control is developed for the thermal treatment of aluminum alloy workpieces in the large-scale vertical quench furnace. To obtain the aluminum alloy workpiece temperature, an air heat transfer model is newly established to describe the temperature gradient distribution so that the immeasurable workpiece temperature can be calibrated from the available thermocouple temperature. To satisfy the uniformity control of the furnace temperature, a second order partial differential equation(PDE) is derived to describe the thermal dynamics inside the vertical quench furnace. Based on the PDE, a decoupling matrix is constructed to solve the coupling issue and decouple the heating process into multiple independent heating subsystems. Then, using the expert control rule to find a compromise of temperature rising time and overshoot during the quenching process. The developed temperature control system has been successfully applied to a 31 m large-scale vertical quench furnace, and the industrial running results show the significant improvement of the temperature uniformity, lower overshoot and shortened processing time.

Temperature sensing property of microdisk resonator

The transmission equation of microdisk resonator is obtained by the transfer matrix method.The physical model is built and the electric field distribution,output spectrum and phase of the microdisk resonator are simulated by three-dimensional finite element software.The influence of the structural parameters on transmission characteristics and the temperature sensing property of the microdisk resonator are studied deeply.The results show that the output spectrum will change significantly with the distance between the microdisk and the straight waveguide within a certain range but there is no apparent change in the phase of the output port.The extinction ratio and maxima sensitivity of the device will reach 30 dB and 45 pm/℃,respectively.Microdisk has higher integration,higher quality factor and wider free spectral range compared with common microring resonator.

Analysis and Application of Variable Conductance Heat Pipe Air Preheater

The heat transfer analysis of variable conductance heat pipe air preheater was carried out. The temperature trans-fer matrix was obtained for the air preheater that comprises several discrete heat transfer units with same or different heat transfer surface area in a parallel or counter flow mode. By using the temperature transfer matrix, the outlet fluid temperatures could be easily calculated for a given air preheater and inlet fluid temperatures. The active length of condenser in a variable conductance heat pipe is determined according to the flat interface model. With the same initial conditions, the comparisons between variable conductance heat-pipe air preheater and regular heat pipe air preheater has been analyzed and tested in terms of heat pipe wall temperature, heat transfer surface area and outlet fluid temperatures. Based on the real industrial applications, it has been confirmed that the variable conductance heat pipe air preheater has excellent performance of anti-corrosion and anti-ash-deposition especially at the variable working condition and the sulfur coal (5%-6% mass fraction of sulfur) condition.

Heat Transfer Effectiveness of Three-Fluid Separated Heat Pipe Exchanger

A heat transfer model for three-fluid separated heat pipe exchanger was analyzed,and the temperature transfer matrix for general three-fluid separated heat exchanger working in parallel-flow or counter-flow mode was obtained.It was found that the forms of temperature transfer matrix are similar for heat pipe rows with equal or different heat transfer surface area.Furthermore,by using the temperature transfer matrix of the heat pipe exchanger,the relationship between heat transfer effectiveness θ 1,θ 2 and M,NTU,U,Δt i were derived for the exchanger operating in parallel-flow or counter-flow mode,and a simple special example was adopted to demonstrate the correctness of these relationships.