Open-cell Inconel 625 superalloy foams were prepared by suspension impregnation method which involves replication of pure nickel foam ligaments with a mixed powder suspension and subsequent heat treatments.The objecti...Open-cell Inconel 625 superalloy foams were prepared by suspension impregnation method which involves replication of pure nickel foam ligaments with a mixed powder suspension and subsequent heat treatments.The objective of the present study is to find a suitable method ensuring complete densification of the superalloy foam ligaments without using low-melting additives and achieving uniform chemical composition at moderate sintering temperatures.Foams prepared using the above methodology were evaluated for the microstructure and compositional variation across the foam ligaments by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with electron dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).Quasi-static compressive properties of the foams were evaluated.It is shown that if elemental powders of Cr,Mo and Ni are used as additives to the superalloy powder suspension,high ligament density with uniform chemical composition conforming to the Inconel 625 specification is achieved at moderate sintering temperatures.These results are attributed to the formation of low melting eutectics and to acceleration of the diffusion kinetics due to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic conditions created by large compositional gradients in the presence of elemental powders.展开更多
In order to overcome the inconvenience of manual bubble counting, a bubble counter based on photoelectric technique aiming for automatically detecting and measuring minute gas leakage of cryogenic valves is proposed. ...In order to overcome the inconvenience of manual bubble counting, a bubble counter based on photoelectric technique aiming for automatically detecting and measuring minute gas leakage of cryogenic valves is proposed. Experiments have been conducted on a self-built apparatus, testing the performance with different gas inlet strategies (bottom gas-inlet strategy and side gas-inlet strategy) and the influence of gas pipe length (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 m) and leakage rate (around 10, 20, 30, 40 bubbles/min) on first bubble time and bubble rate. A buffer of 110 cm3 is inserted between leakage source and gas pipe to simulate the down- stream cavum adjacent to the valve clack. Based on analyzing the experimental data, experiential parameters have also been summarized to guide leakage detection and measurement for engineering applications. A practical system has already been suc- cessfully applied in a cryogenic testing apparatus for cryogenic valves.展开更多
An experimental study was carried out to understand the phenomena of the boiling flow of liquid nitrogen in an inclined tube with closed bottom by using a high speed motion analyzer. The experimental tube is 0.018 m I...An experimental study was carried out to understand the phenomena of the boiling flow of liquid nitrogen in an inclined tube with closed bottom by using a high speed motion analyzer. The experimental tube is 0.018 m ID and 1.0m in length. The range of the inclination angle is 45°-9° from the horizontal. The experiment focused on the effect of the inclination angle show that the mean liquid slug length and Taylor bubble length increase with the increasing xlD at various inclination angles. At the same x/D, the mean liquid slug length and Taylor bubble length increase first, and then decrease with decreasing inclination angles, with the maximum at 60°. In the vertical tube, standard deviation of the nitrogen Taylor bubble iength increase with the increasing xlD. For the inclined tube, standard deviation of the nitrogen Taylor bubble length increases first, and then decreases with the increasing x/D. Standard deviation of the liquid slug length increases with increasing x/D for all inclination angles.展开更多
基金financial support from DMRL,India(No.7196-22)Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Researches(No.T20R-049)Russian Foundation for basic Research(No.20-53-00009-Bel)。
文摘Open-cell Inconel 625 superalloy foams were prepared by suspension impregnation method which involves replication of pure nickel foam ligaments with a mixed powder suspension and subsequent heat treatments.The objective of the present study is to find a suitable method ensuring complete densification of the superalloy foam ligaments without using low-melting additives and achieving uniform chemical composition at moderate sintering temperatures.Foams prepared using the above methodology were evaluated for the microstructure and compositional variation across the foam ligaments by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with electron dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).Quasi-static compressive properties of the foams were evaluated.It is shown that if elemental powders of Cr,Mo and Ni are used as additives to the superalloy powder suspension,high ligament density with uniform chemical composition conforming to the Inconel 625 specification is achieved at moderate sintering temperatures.These results are attributed to the formation of low melting eutectics and to acceleration of the diffusion kinetics due to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic conditions created by large compositional gradients in the presence of elemental powders.
基金Project (Nos. 50776075 and 50536040) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to overcome the inconvenience of manual bubble counting, a bubble counter based on photoelectric technique aiming for automatically detecting and measuring minute gas leakage of cryogenic valves is proposed. Experiments have been conducted on a self-built apparatus, testing the performance with different gas inlet strategies (bottom gas-inlet strategy and side gas-inlet strategy) and the influence of gas pipe length (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 m) and leakage rate (around 10, 20, 30, 40 bubbles/min) on first bubble time and bubble rate. A buffer of 110 cm3 is inserted between leakage source and gas pipe to simulate the down- stream cavum adjacent to the valve clack. Based on analyzing the experimental data, experiential parameters have also been summarized to guide leakage detection and measurement for engineering applications. A practical system has already been suc- cessfully applied in a cryogenic testing apparatus for cryogenic valves.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （50476015） and National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2006AA09Z333）.
文摘An experimental study was carried out to understand the phenomena of the boiling flow of liquid nitrogen in an inclined tube with closed bottom by using a high speed motion analyzer. The experimental tube is 0.018 m ID and 1.0m in length. The range of the inclination angle is 45°-9° from the horizontal. The experiment focused on the effect of the inclination angle show that the mean liquid slug length and Taylor bubble length increase with the increasing xlD at various inclination angles. At the same x/D, the mean liquid slug length and Taylor bubble length increase first, and then decrease with decreasing inclination angles, with the maximum at 60°. In the vertical tube, standard deviation of the nitrogen Taylor bubble iength increase with the increasing xlD. For the inclined tube, standard deviation of the nitrogen Taylor bubble length increases first, and then decreases with the increasing x/D. Standard deviation of the liquid slug length increases with increasing x/D for all inclination angles.
