旅游活动的本质特征与旅游目的地形象本体探微

旅游目的地形象研究是时下理论界和产业界比较关注的新课题。这一课题的研究历史尽管不是很长,但对于促进旅游产业健康发展具有理论意义和应用意义。目前旅游目的地形象研究和塑造的实践,从主体和客体出发的多,而注重本体研究、从本体出发进行形象塑造的少。研究旅游活动的本质、旅游地形象本体以及旅游地形象本体的形成,有助于形成旅游目的地形象本体论原则。

旅游管理专业课堂教学的情境项目设计——以“游目的地开发与管理”课程为例

基于情境学习理论的课堂教学方法,对传统的教学模式产生了巨大的冲击。作为旅游管理专业的主干课程之一,"游目的地开发与管理"是融理论和实践相统一的知识体系,切实贯彻实施基于情境学习理论的情境项目训练是非常有必要的,同时也是可行的教学方法。在课程教学中,通过八大课堂情境项目的设计与组织,对提高学生的参与积极性起到了较好的作用。

区域旅游合作中旅游目的地间博弈

区域旅游合作的实质是多个行为主体之间反复进行博弈的过程.旅游目的地作为合作的中坚力量,其跨区域旅游合作目的在于实现旅游目的地利益的最大化.因此区域旅游在旅游目的地之间的合作机制实质上就是区旅游目的地之间经济利益的博弈过程".博弈均衡"的最终结果将促成区域旅游合作的实施.

兰州市居民城市游憩目的地地域分布及功能分析

通过问卷调查的形式,调查了兰州市区(只包括城关、七里河区)居民周末出游的基本情况。对比分析了兰州市居民周末出游目的地分布空间特征、游憩动机、游憩目的及其消费行为。同时,还对兰州市居民对游憩目的地所提供服务的意见与建议进行了开放式调查。根据上述分析的结果,最后对兰州市周末旅游市场的开发提出意见与建议。

旅游审美活动心理机制与旅游地本体形象形成

旅游活动在本质上是一种综合性的审美活动,对旅游审美活动发生的心理机制探讨,是研究旅游审美活动本体运动机理的一个比较重要的方面,研究旅游审美活动发生的心理机制,就是要探讨旅游审美活动发生之所以产生的内置驱动力、心理中介及运动规律。

重庆自驾游及其产品的深度开发研究

在归纳分析自驾游兴起的社会背景、旅游者行为特征基础上,对重庆市自驾游的发展条件、现状与存在问题进行了思考,认为重庆市具有许多发展自驾游的有利条件。尽管重庆自驾游市场已初步形成,但离成熟的自驾游目的地仍有不少距离。在对重庆自驾游市场特征进行调查分析的基础上,系统提出重庆自驾游产品及其深度开发的若干思路与策略。

冰雪旅游引爆冬日经济

近日,国内各大滑雪场陆续开板,冰雪旅游正逐渐从"冷消费"变为"热经济"。飞猪平台数据显示,冰雪旅游目的地搜索量环比增长超160%。其中,哈尔滨冰雪大世界的热度增长超300%。东北是冰雪游的大热门,哈尔滨、长春、长白山是境内热度最高的冰雪游目的地。随着2022年北京冬奥会不断临近,张家口崇礼也成为京津冀居民冬日旅行的热选。

The Study on Tourist Destination Tourism Image Perception and Evaluation in Xi'an City

[Objective] The aim was to explore the tourist destination image measurement method, and have an empirical study on Xi＇an City. [Method] With combination of non-structural and structured approach to design questionnaires, tourism image of Xi＇an was explored using the SPSS software from both the qualitative and quantitative analyses. [Result] Xi＇an tourism images serve a heritage historical monuments atmosphere with the Terracotta Warriors, City Wall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda,Huaqing Hot Springs, presenting a positive feeling among tourists in general. In the dissemination of travel, tourism infrastructure construction, tourism transportation,travel services have negative effects on the image of Xi＇an tourism. [Conclusion]The evaluation on the tourism resources is highly spoken of by tourists than the scenic spot, indicating that despite high visibility of tourism resources in Xi＇an, it has not formed strong core competitiveness and a complete tourism industrial chain. It is necessary to take the right marketing strategies to enhance tourist familiarity to Xi＇an. Tourists demands, therefore, should be well considered in developing Xi＇an scenic spots and new tourism products and projects be focused on to improve tourists＇ satisfaction.

Influence of Tourists′ Environmental Tropisms on Their Attitudes to Tourism and Nature Conservation in Natural Tourist Destinations: A Case Study of Jiuzhaigou National Park in China

People′s environmental tropism has an effect on their understanding of tourism-nature relationship,and also influences their attitudes to natural resources utilization and environmental protection.Taking Jiuzhaigou National Park of China as a study case,the authors conducted some quantitative analyses with the tools of SPSS 16.0 and LISREL 8.7,to explore the influence of tourists′ environmental tropism on their attitudes to tourism and nature conservation in the natural tourist destination.Three hypotheses and the theoretic model of influences of tourists′ environmental tropism on their attitudes to tourism and nature conservation have been tested and accepted based on the Structural Equation Model analysis on survey data collected in Jiuzhaigou National Park of China.Some conclusions were drawn as follows: 1) tourists′ human-prioritized concept influences their cognition to tourism-nature relationship.This concept has a positive influence on their supportive attitudes to tourism,but a negative influence on their attitudes to nature conservation;2) tourists′ human-nature coordination concept has a positive influence on their supportive attitudes to both tourism and nature conservation,especially to the latter.This paper generally proves that human′s environmental tropism does have an influence on their attitudes to tourism and nature conservation in natural tourist destinations.

Roles and Functions of Tourism Destinations in Tourism Region of South Anhui:A Tourist Flow Network Perspective

Theoretic and practical significance has been highlighted in the research of the roles and functions of destinations,as destinations are restricted by the spatial structure based on tourist flow network from the perspective of relationship.This article conducted an empirical analysis for Tourism Region of South Anhui(TRSA) and revealed the necessity and feasibility of studying the roles and functions of destinations from tourist flow network's perspective.The automorphic equivalence analysis and centrality analysis were used to classify 16 destinations in TRSA into six role types:tourist flow distribution center,hub of tourist flows,passageway destination,common touring destination,attached touring destination,and nearly isolated destination.Some suggestions were given on suitable infrastructure construction and destinations service designs according to their functions in network.This destination role positioning was based on tourist flow network structure in integral and macroscopic way.It provided an important reference for the balanced and harmonious development of all the destinations of TRSA.In addition,this article verified the applicability of social network analysis on tourist flow research in local scale,and expanded this method to destination role and function positioning.

Measuring Tourist’s Water Footprint in a Mountain Destination of Northwest Yunnan, China

Monitoring and minimizing tourist’s water consumption is essential for the sustainable development of mountain destinations in the world. However, available data and a generally accepted protocol on such measurement are still limited. This study uses water footprint accounting to quantify tourist’s water demand in the Liming valley, a World Heritage site and a rapidly growing tourism destination in Northwest Yunnan, China. Both the water for direct and indirect use is taken into account based on the consumptive behavior of the tourists in the valley. Data were collected through guesthouse monitoring and a tourist survey in the 2005 tourist season. The results indicate that an average tourist leaves behind a footprint of 5.2 m3 on local water resources per day. Food production and waste dilution are the two most important water consumption factors. The results also show tourists consume more water than the local residents on per capita basis. This suggests more commitment is necessary to cope with this stress by individual tourists. Management implications to make water use more sustainable in mountain destinations are derived from this study.

Attractive Model and Marketing Implications of Theme Shopping Tourism Destination

This paper discusses the definition and connotation of Theme Shopping Tourism(TST) destination,and reveals the attractive distance of TST destination based on the utility function derived from the supposed demand function.An attractive model is deduced.According to this attractive model,it is can be known that the attractive distance is related to the price difference of the theme commodities between TST destination and tourist origin place,the average expenditure of transport,the demand elasticity of price,the actual price of sightseeing spot,the critical price that a tourist will afford,the number of nights that a tourist stays on the TST destination and the price level of accommodation in the TST destination.The change mechanism of attractive distance of TST destinations is revealed in this paper,and implications on TST marketing are put forward.First,theme commodities should be luxuries.Second,lower price is the primary pulling factor of theme shopping tourism.Third,the route combining with sightseeing spots is beneficial to shopping tourism.At last,TST development is one way of rejuvenating the falling destinations.

Village Network Centrality in Rural Tourism Destination:A Case from Yesanpo Tourism Area,China

With the development of rural tourism, the cooperation of villages has become very important.Identifying the status and importance of each village can contribute to better understanding of the integrated rural tourism management and sustainable rural tourism development. The research focused on 46 villages of Yesanpo scenic spot in China(39°35'-40°north latitude, and 115°16'- 115°30' east longitude). Integrating the method of Geographical Information System(GIS) and social network analysis, the spatial centrality and interrelation of each village in Yesanpo tourism destination were evaluated. The results showed that Xinggezhuang is the spatial core village of the whole 46 villages in Yesanpo tourism areas; Xinggezhuang, Nanzhuang, Zhenchang, Daze, Liujiahe and Zishikou are sub-core villages of the six tourism spots. Magezhuang, Ximagezhuang, Eyu, Zishikou, Daze, Shangzhuang, Zhenchang and Xiazhuang should be support of the core villages, which provide subsidiary services and connects with other nodes. The results also indicated that the study of the village centrality will contribute to build an integrated hierarchy structure and to provide sufficient basis for further development of rural tourism destination.

Perception of the People of Tepoztlfin About Employment Since the Denomination of Magic Town

This article aims to describe the perception of the residents of Tepoztlan Morelos regarding the level of employment since their designation as Magic Town. Tepoztlan is a municipality in the northern part of the State of Morelos, located in the South-Central of Mexico. It is a magical town situated on the slopes of the Tepozteco Mountain. It is recognized as one of the most attractive places in the aforementioned state. Its relative proximity to Mexico City makes this town an attractive tourist destination for visitors. The importance of this issue lies mainly in the fact that tourism is one of the largest sources of income and employment generation for the country, so it is essential to strengthen the tourism infrastructure through federal programs of social participation, which promotes the development from the bottom to top. With that objective, the Mexican government created a federal program primarily with the purpose of contributing to the development of rural tourism. So, the ＂Magic Towns＂ program emerged as a strategy to generate resources for certain communities and increase the tourist offer. Tepoztlan was one of the first towns to enter the program, so it is relevant to analyze if the benefits generated by this program related to employment are perceived by the population. That is to say, to know the opinion of the settlers on the increase and the conditions of the employment that tourism generates and how the denomination of magical town influences this. Regarding the method used, we can say that it is a research with a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was designed as an instrument for data collection. The sample was obtained by the sampling method called： simple random probabilistic sampling. The results presented here correspond to a sample of 119 inhabitants of Tepoztlan. In summary, the research on this subject allows us to conclude that there is an increase in the generation of jobs in Tepoztl/m since its denomination as Magical Town; however, the working conditions and remuneration generated by tourism are perceived as low and far from the expectations of the population.

What Are the Attractiveness Factors That Influence the Choice of a Tourist Destination A Study of Brazilian Tourist Consumer

This paper results from an exploratory investigation regarding the tourist consumer behavior identifying which attractiveness factors from tourist destination define tourist consumer capacity and have importance in his choice In this investigation, a model elaborated based on a detailed situational analysis considering different aspects related with offering and demand that compose the tourist activity dimensions, such as infra structure, tourism potential, geographical factors, climate, economy, cultural and environmental resources public policies and sustainability was adopted. The competitive environment also was analyzed, once tourists have different destinations to their disposal which is attracted for destinations that offer optimum value and the greatest number of benefits. To reach the proposed objectives, an exploratory research through in depth personal interviews with 20 individuals was carried on using snow ball technique aims to identify the possible factors of attractiveness and related degree of importance of each of these possible factors in the tourist consumer behavior. After that, a confirmatory research was conducted with 150 individuals. The sampling process was done using convenience sample and data which were collected between November and December, 2009, through direct proportionally survey divided between man and woman

IPA Analysis of First-time Tourists＇ Perceptions on the Image of the Tourist Destination Take Hainan International Tourism Islands for Example

Nowadays, the image construction of Hainan International Tourism Islands has been vigorously promoted. The research is going to make an empirical analysis of Hainan tourism image, adopting IPA analysis method. Generally speaking, there is a big gap between the Hainan tourist destination and tourists＇ expectations. The Hainan Tourist Destination image is mainly built on natural-advantage-resource projects such as natural sceneries, air quality, and climate, etc., meanwhile, the relatively insufficient constructions of soft-wares such as tourism-related facilities, as well as the quality of tourism services, etc., are the focus of future efforts.

Spatial Polarization of Villages in Tourist Destinations: A Case Study from Yesanpo, China

Spatial perspectives were applied to examine the processes of growth and development in rural settlements affected by tourism.Based on field surveys and GIS spatial analysis methods, we studied the spatial evolution of two villages(Jiaojiekou and Gougezhuang) in the Yesanpo tourist area over the last 25 years.The results revealed a polarization trend,with Jiaojiekou becoming a ‘hollowed' village and Gougezhuang developing into a ‘new-type' tourist town.This polarization indicates the unsustainability of rural development in tourist destinations, which is manifested by the following features: only some villages benefit from the development of tourism;there is simultaneously a shortage of land in tourist villages and a wastage of land in traditional villages;and the function of the villages is deficient.Nevertheless, the spillover of the effects of tourism may provide an opportunity for the development of traditional villages.To better utilize this opportunity,we propose that:(1) integrated rural tourism management should be developed to explore effective methods of promoting tourism as part of a rural development strategy;(2) different land use policies are required for different villages; and(3) the balance between government regulation and community participation should be emphasized.

Research on Psychological Carrying Capacity of Tourism Destination

As a part of the carrying capacity system of tourism destination, tourism psychological carrying capacity and its makeup are very important indexes which reflect the harmoni-ous development of tourism destination develops harmoniously, but the academy has not paid enough attention to them. Based on the concept and connotation of psychological carrying ca-pacity, this paper explains the influencing factors which affect the psychological capacity of the tourist and the resident after the acknowledged concept, and then designs a harmonious de-velopment model of tourism destination. Finally, it offers some countermeasures against the overloading psychological capac-ity.

Destination Branding： Brand Management and Brand Engagement of Health and Wellness Tourism in Thailand and the ASEAN Region

The 10 ASEAN CAssociation of Southeast Asian Nations） countries in Southeast Asia have been united for ASEAN community in 2015. Thailand is one of the members who take health and wellness tourism responsibility about tourism and product information, and health and wellness tourism standardization. Therefore, the researcher has studied in health tourism image in Thailand and ASEAN, because the image is significant cost to promote health and wellness tourism. They are factors that influence image management and also image attributes about health and wellness tourism in Thailand and ASEAN countries. In this study, the author aimed at the examination of influenced factors and the attributes for Thailand＇s and ASEAN＇s images of health and wellness tourism management and finding out the relations among cognitive, affective, and brand engagement in Thailand and ASEAN. This research could be used as guideline information for creation of plans and governmental policies of health and wellness tourism of Thailand and ASEAN region as well. The data obtained in this study included overall image and destination brand engagement, or personal engagement through way of life and daily life of Southeast Asian people. Southeast Asia has its uniqueness according to its slogan ASEAN Southeast Asia： Feel the Warmth. This is considered as one of unique activities in health and wellness tourism. Tourists can have their direct experiences with unique tradition of each nation.

The 2.0 Marketing Strategies for Wine Tourism Destinations of Excellence

The aim of this paper is to empirically research the use of Web 2.0 applications in the communication strategies of wine tourism destinations of excellence; main attention will be focused on the integration of these tools within the ＂official＂ destination websites. The main research questions are： （1） Do wine tourism destinations of excellence worldwide make use of Web 2.0 tools in their official websites？ （2） Is it possible to estimate the degree of intensity of use of such tools？ The method used for the purpose of this research is inductive： starting from the observation of some specific cases we wanted to implement a scoring model that, taking into account the presence and intensity of the use of Web 2.0 tools selected by the wine tourism destinations of excellence, could be replicated in different contexts from the one analyzed here. The study reveals the interest in the tools of Web 2.0 by the institutional bodies responsible for management of destinations; however it also shows that there is not a full awareness of the scope of strategic and organizational development in the web 2.0 applications resulting in the relationship with potential visitors and those who have already experienced a tourist territory.