精练机湿开棉部件的优化设计

精练机湿开棉部件,是精练机的重要组成部分。湿开棉通过开棉针的冲击将棉层打散,实现对纤维的开松。通过对湿开棉开棉针的优化、开棉辊结构的优化、湿开棉密封结构的优化和湿开棉材质的优化,降低精练机湿开棉的生产成本,提高精练机湿开棉的生产能力和质量。

湿滩微差爆破开槽方法研究

在黄河下游黑岗口河段进行了微差爆破开槽试验,结果表明,通过控制最大一次起爆药量,可以控制爆破的影响范围,爆破使土体液化的单向水平距离约为爆破深度的10倍,用爆破方法可以快速形成成型的引水槽;采用微差爆破开槽方法可以保证河道主流和引水闸门之间的引渠畅通。

清热利湿化痰通络开玄方治疗脑梗死后遗症期的临床疗效及其炎性机制研究

目的:研究清热利湿化痰通络开玄方对脑梗死后遗症期患者的临床疗效及其可能的作用机制。方法:选取患者60例,随机分成对照组(常规西药治疗)和研究组(常规西药加清热利湿化痰通络开玄方治疗)各30例。对比分析治疗前和治疗后2组神经功能缺损评分[采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)]、中医症状评分、血清炎性因子[白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]。结果:研究组总有效率为86.67%,对照组总有效率为70.00%,研究组高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。研究组NIHSS评分、中医症状评分均低于对照组,差异均有显著性(P<0.05);研究组血清炎性因子(IL-6、TNF-α)均低于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:清热利湿化痰通络开玄方对脑梗死后遗症期患者具有良好疗效,能够促进神经功能恢复和中医症状的改善,其作用机制可能与抑制炎症反应有关。

化湿解毒开郁法治疗冠心病心绞痛78例

冠心病心绞痛是一种严重危害人类健康和生命的常见病。随着人民生活水平的提高和人口老龄化的发展,其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。自2007年9月至2009年9月,笔者采用化湿解毒开郁法治疗冠心病心绞痛78例,取得满意的临床疗效。现报告如下：

化湿解毒开郁法治疗湿热郁阻型胸痹100例

目的探讨化湿解毒开郁法治疗湿热郁阻型胸痹临床疗效。方法选取200例胸痹患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组各100例,对照组以基础西药治疗,包括阿司匹林、他汀类、硝酸酯类。治疗组在基础西药治疗的基础上加化湿解毒开郁方200ml,2次/日。结果两组患者从中医证候的改善、心绞痛症状的缓解、理化指标及心电图的变化等方面比较,治疗组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论化湿解毒开郁法对辨证为湿热郁阻型胸痹的疗效满意。

开窍方剂配伍方法述要

开窍方剂是以芳香开窍药为主组成,具有开窍醒神等作用,治疗神昏窍闭病证的方剂。《素问·至真要大论》所说:“开之发之”,这是开窍方剂的立论根据。汉·张仲景《伤寒论》对热结阳明之神昏谵语论述甚详,所立寒凉攻下之剂,对后世影响颇大,然于开窍之剂,则未曾涉及。唐·孙思邈《备急千金要方》和王焘《外台秘要》载用紫雪、吃力伽丸(苏合香丸)、还魂散等有效方剂。宋金元时期,《和剂局方》

侧面封边对玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料吸湿规律的影响

采用称量法和排水法联合,研究了侧面封边和未封边单向玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料层合板试件的吸湿量和体积变化率与浸泡时间的关系,结果显示,复合材料侧面吸湿的速度远大于表面吸湿速度;侧面封边复合材料试件的饱和吸湿量为1.30%,而未封边试件的为2.26%,即与侧面封边试件相比,未封边试件的饱和吸湿量(质量比)增加了73.8%;对于表观最大溶胀率,侧面封边复合材料试件的为0.67%,而未封边试件的为2.05%,即未封边试件的表观最大溶胀率(体积比)升高了200.1%。这些实验结果表明,复合材料吸湿存在开孔吸湿与闭孔吸湿两种机制,开孔吸湿以液态水的扩散为主,而闭孔吸湿以气态水的扩散为主。

Dynamics of Wetland Landscape Pattern in Kaifeng City from 1987 to 2002

It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detailed land survey data as the basic information sources, with the help of RS and GIS, according to the principles and methods of landscape ecology, this paper analyzed wetland landscape pattern dynamics and its reasons in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of China, from 1987 to 2002. The results show that the total wetland area in Kaifeng City firstly reduced by 20.1% from 1987 to 1990 and then increased from 1990 to 2002, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. At the same time, landscape fragment degree and landscape dominance degree increased, respectively from 0.64 to 0.72 and from 0.3754 to 0.5563, but mean patch area, maximum patch area, patch fractal dimension reduced. As far as single landscape element concerned, fi＇om 1987 to 2002, patch area, patch number, patch density, patch shape and patch location changed in varying degrees in all wetland types in Kaifeng City, among which rice field changed most and others relatively less. In the recent 20 years, rice fields, lake wetlands, puddles and ponds had a higher stability, but river and bottomland wetlands were mostly transformed to land use types. The change of wetland landscape pattern was the result of the combined action of the Huanghe （Yellow） River, urban expansion, wide cultivation of rice, and rapid development of fishery. Among them human activities were the main driving factors for wetland landscape changes.

Territorial Repartition and Ecological Importance of Wetlands in Moldova （Romania）

The present paper is the first study conducted in Romania on the inventory of wetlands of a large surface of the country. The focus of this study is the Moldavian Plateau, located in the east of Romania. It is delimitated by the Eastern Carpathians on the west, the Romanian Plain on the south, the Ukrainian border on the north and the Prut Valley （border with the Republic of Moldavia） on the east. Although the Moldavian Plateau is situated in the driest region of Romania, the majority of the wetlands and of the low discharge rivers is found in this region. The existence of numerous wetlands, respectively small ponds, is influenced by the human activities and the scarcity of water resources. The impermeable clayey substratum favored the occurrence and survival of a large number of wetlands. Most of them are found in the northern Moldavian Plain, and the fewest to the south, in the Covurlui Plateau. The most important wetlands are those developed along the two main rivers draining this territory： Prut and Siret. Unfortunately, Siret River floodplain has been in most of its part protected by means of flood prevention dikes. Consequently, many of the wetlands entered agricultural use.

Theoretical and experimental study of initial cracking mechanism of an expansive soil due to moisture-change

Swelling and shrinkage due to moisture-change is one of the characteristics of the expansive soil,which is similar to the behavior of most materials under thermal effect,If the deformation is restricted,stress in expansive soil is caused by the swell-shrinking.The stress is defined as "moisture-change stress" and is adopted to analyze swell-shrinkage deformation based on the elasticity mechanics theory.The state when the total stress becomes equal to the soil tensile strength is considered as the cracking criterion as moisture-change increases.Then,the initial cracking mechanism due to evaporation is revealed as follows:Different rates of moisture loss at different depths result in greater shrinkage deformation on the surface while there is smaller shrinkage deformation at the underlayer in expansive soil;cracks will grow when the nonuniform shrinkage deformation increases to a certain degree.A theoretical model is established,which may be used to calculate the stress caused by moisture-change.The depth of initial cracks growing is predicted by the proposed model in expansive soil,A series of laboratory tests are carried out by exposing expansive soil samples with different moisture-changes.The process of crack propagation is investigated by resistivity method.The test results show good consistency with the predicted results by the proposed theoretical model.

Unsteady heat-moisture transfer of wet airway in deep mining

To study the mechanism of unsteady heat-moisture transfer of wet surrounding rock in deep mining, a series of experiments with different initial and boundary conditions were carried out. Test results show that rock temperature decreases quickly at the initial stage, and reduces slowly to be a constant value finally for transient heat-moisture transfer. The quasi-steady surface temperature of wet airway is lower than that of dry airway due to the moisture transfer. The diffusion radius is less than the cooling radius owing to the large diffusion resistance. The outlet airflow enthalpy of wet airway is much larger than that of dry airway. Latent heat caused by the moisture transfer plays a significant role in a deep thermal environment. For periodic heat-moisture transfer, temperature, humidity and enthalpy of outlet airflow and rock temperature also change periodically. The wave amplitude of rock temperature decreases gradually with increasing distance away from the airway surface, and the wave phase of rock temperature is also behind that of airflow. Moreover, direction of the heat-moisture transfer between airway and airflow is bidirectional, which is different from results of transient transfer.

Research Progress on the Development and Application of New Natural Tobacco Humectants

The research progress on the development and application of new natural tobacco humectants was reviewed in the paper.Plants,animals and microbes contain special moisturizing substances,showing distinctive advantages and outstanding effects in respect of the tobacco moisture content maintaining and cigarette suction comfort promoting.The development necessity,major types,functional mechanism and influence on cigarette quality of new natural tobacco humectants development were compared and elaborated.Additionally,the prospect of new natural tobacco humectants development and application was forecasted.

A Numerical Study of Mesoscale Vortex Formation in the Midlatitudes:The Role of Moist Processes

In this study, a three-dimensional mesoscale model was used to numerically simulate the well-known "98.7" heavy rainfall event that affected the Yangtze Valley in July 1998. Two experiments were conducted to analyze the impact of moist processes on the development of meso-β scale vortices(MβV) and their triggering by mesoscale wind perturbation(MWP). In the experiment in which the latent heat feedback(LHF) scheme was switched off, a stable low-level col field(i.e., saddle field—a region between two lows and two highs in the isobaric surface) formed, and the MWP triggered a weak MβV. However, when the LHF scheme was switched on as the MWP was introduced into the model, the MβV developed quickly and intense rainfall and a mesoscale low-level jet(mLLJ) were generated. The thickness of the air column and average temperature between 400 and 700 hPa decreased without the feedback of latent heat, whereas they increased quickly when the LHF scheme was switched on, with the air pressure falling at low levels but rising at upper levels. A schematic representation of the positive feedbacks among the mesoscale vortex, rainfall, and mLLJ shows that in the initial stage of the MβV, the MWP triggers light rainfall and the latent heat occurs at low levels, which leads to weak convergence and ageostrophic winds. In the mature stage of the MβV, convection extends to the middle-to-upper levels, resulting in an increase in the average temperature and a stretching of the air column. A low-level cyclonic circulation forms under the effect of Coriolis torque, and the m LLJ forms to the southeast of the MβV.

New progress in the processing and efficient utilization of coal

Coal accounts for about 70% of the primary energy sources in China. The environmental pollution and resources waste involved with coal processing and utilization are serious. It is therefore urgent to develop highly-efficient coal resources utilization theory and methods with low-carbon discharge. Based on our long-term basic research and technology development, the progress in beneficiation, cleaning, and trans- formation of coal, which includes dense phase fluidized bed dry beneficiation, deep screening of wet fine coal, micro-bubble flotation column separation, molecular coal chemistry, and transformation and sepa- ration of coal and its derivatives into value-added chemicals under mild conditions, is discussed.

Effects of Wetland Utilization Change on Spatial Distribution of Soil Nematodes in Heihe River Basin, Northwest China

The first account of the effects of wetland reclamation on soil nematode assemblages were provided, three sites in Heihe River Basin of Northwest China, that is grass wetland(GW), Tamarix chinensis wetland(TW) and crop wetland(CW) treatments, were compared. Results showed that the majority of soil nematodes were presented in the 0–20 cm soil layers in CW treatments, followed by in the 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm layers in GW treatments. Plant-feeding nametodes were the most abundant trophic groups in each treatment, where GW(91.0%) > TW(88.1%) > CW(53.5%). Generic richness(GR) was lower in the TW(16) than that in GW(23) and CW(25). The combination of enrichment index(EI) and structure index(SI) showed that the soil food web in GW was more structured, and those in TW was stressed, while the enrichment soil food web was presented in the CW treatment. Several ecological indices which reflected soil community structure, diversity, Shannon-Weaver diversity(H′), Evenness(J′), Richness(GR) and modified maturity index(MMI) were found to be effective for assessing the response of soil namatode communities to soil of saline wetland reclamation. Furthermore, saline wetland reclamation also exerted great influence on the soil physical and chemical properties(p H, Electric conductivity(EC), Total organic carbon(TOC), Total nitrogen(Total-N) and Nitrate Nitrogen(N-NO3–)). These results indicated that the wetland reclamation had significantly effects on soil nematode community structure and soil properties in this study.

Sedimentation effects of the Dongting Lake Area

According to a long series of measured sediment data, the sedimentation effects of the Dongting Lake Area （DIP,） were studied in light of the relationship between sedimentation characteristics and resources and environment. The result shows that the long-term deposition and the impact of human activities have led to a cycle of the evolution of sedimentation pattern, resulting in sediment disaster effects and resources effects in the DLA. The main features are as follows： 1） The water beach, silt beach, lake marsh beach, reed beach and other types of beach shaped by sedimentation effects constitute the main body of the giant lake system. 2） The disaster chains are induced, i.e., sedimentation → marshland expansion and reclamation → flood function decline, fish resource depletion, biodiversity reduction dis- aster chain, sedimentation → marshland expansion → floods, water pollution disaster chain, sedimentation → marshland floating vegetation rising → schistosomiasis, rodents virulence disaster chain, sedimentation → flood embankment bursting → land desertification disaster chain. 3） Sedimentation has created about 98.13×10^4 hm^2 of land in the past 55 years. Rational development and utilization of marshland resources have produced tremendous economic benefits.

RECENT TRENDS OF TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION DISTURBED BY LARGE-SCALE RECLAMATION IN THE SANGJIANG PLAIN OF CHINA

The regional observed temperature and precipitation changes and their abruptjumps disturbed by large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China were studied. Meanannual temperature of the region was tending to go up and has increased by 1.2-2.2℃ over the past50 years. A warming jump of mean annual temperature of the region occurred in the 1980s, which hadan increasg amplitude of 0.9℃. Linear tendency rates of annual precipitation were negative in mostof the region. The maximum of annual precipitation decrease was 155.8mm over the past 50 years. Anabrupt decrease of regional annual precipitation happened in the middle of the 1960s, which had adecrease of 102.1mm. Based on the fact of climatic change of the Sanjiang Plain over the past 50years, it is held that the region had larger warming amplitude than that of the surrounding areas inthe recent years, which resulted from the large-scale reclamation of various kinds of wetlands.

A DOUBLE BLIND OBSERVATION FOR THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF THE TONG LUO KAI BI TABLETS ON RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

The therapeutic effects of the Tong Luo Kai Bi Tablets [symbol: see text] in 120 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were observed in this clinical trial by the randomized double blind method. Both the observed group and the control group each had 60 patients. In the observed group treated with the Tong Luo Kai Bi Tablets, 1 case (1.7%) was cured clinically, 27 cases (45.0%) improved markedly, 26 cases (43.3%) improved, with a total effective rate of 90.0%. In the control group treated with Rheumatic Semen Strychni Tablets [symbol: see text], no case was cured, 16 cases (26.7%) improved markedly, 33 cases (55.0%) improved, with a total effective rate of 81.7%. Statistical data showed the Tong Luo Kai Bi Tablets had much better therapeutic effectiveness clinically than the Rheumatic Semen Strychni Tablets (P

基于玄府理论防治慢性萎缩性胃炎“炎-癌转化”

慢性萎缩性胃炎是公认的癌前病变,"炎-癌转化"是慢性萎缩性胃炎向胃癌转变的基础途径。玄府是气液通行、遍布全身的微观结构,玄府郁闭是引起慢性萎缩性胃炎恶变的重要病理变化,开通玄府是防治慢性萎缩性胃炎向胃癌转变的基本治则。根据导致玄府闭塞的病因病机不同,开通玄府的具体治则可分为理气开玄、化湿开玄、活血开玄、益气开玄、养阴开玄。