图式理论对新闻英语翻译的启示

根据图示理论,在理解新闻英语源语的过程中,译者应充分激活大脑中已存的各种图式知识,这会使对新闻源语的解码更加迅速、准确。在对译语进行编码时,译者应做到有利于激活译语读者的已有图式,同时也要有利于帮助译语读者建立新的图式,以便全面了解新闻传递的信息。

图式在翻译过程中的运用

本文将语言学界和外语教学界广泛运用于阅读理解研究的“图式理论”用来指导翻译研究 ,因为翻译既涉及译者的理解又涉及译文潜在读者的理解。在对源语进行解码时 ,译者应充分激活与文本相关的图式 ,同时应充实自身的知识和文化图式以保证有足够的图式可供调用。在对译语进行编码时 ,译者应做到有利于激活译语读者的已有图式 ,同时也要有利于帮助译语读者建立新的图式 ,以达到跨文化交际的目的。

从图式理论看唐代杜牧诗《清明》的英译本

将认知语言学中的图式理论引入中国古典诗歌翻译的研究,以唐代杜牧诗《清明》为例,具体阐释图式理论在唐诗英译中发挥的作用,以期为译者的翻译活动提供新的思路和方向。

图式理论在翻译中的应用

图式理论是现代认知语言学中的一个重要成果,它认为,任何语篇或文本都是引导读者根据他们的图式知识来获取或构建文本意义的。图式理论已经被广泛应用于对阅读理解的研究。然而,本文通过阐释图式理论这一认知科学中的热门话题,通过分析翻译过程的实质,探讨了图式理论是如何应用于翻译过程中的。

Joint Source-Channel Decoding of EVRC Speech Encoder Using Residual Redundancy

The enhanced variable rate codec (EVRC) is a standard for the 'Speech ServiceOption 3 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Digital System,' which has been employed in both IS-95cellular systems and ANSI J-STC-008 PCS (personal communications systems). This paper concentrateson channel decoders that exploit the residual redundancy inherent in the enhanced variable ratecodec bitstream. This residual redundancy is quantified by modeling the parameters as first orderMarkov chains and computing the entropy rate based on the relative frequencies of transitions.Moreover, this residual redundancy can be exploited by an appropriately 'tuned' channel decoder toprovide substantial coding gain when compared with the decoders that do not exploit it. Channelcoding schemes include convolutional codes, and iteratively decoded parallel concatenatedconvolutional 'turbo' codes.

Realtime robust speech communication based on iterative joint source-channel decoding and demodulation algorithm for MELP vocoder

Realtime speech communications require high efficient compression algorithms to encode speech signals. As the compressed speech parameters are highly sensitive to transmission errors, robust source and channel decoding and demodulation schemes are both important and of practical use. In this paper, an it- erative joint souree-channel decoding and demodulation algorithm is proposed for mixed excited linear pre- diction （MELP） vocoder by both exploiting the residual redundancy and passing soft information through- out the receiver while introducing systematic global iteration process to further enhance the performance. Being fully compatible with existing transmitter structure, the proposed algorithm does not introduce addi- tional bandwidth expansion and transmission delay. Simulations show substantial error correcting perfor- mance and synthesized speech quality improvement over conventional separate designed systems in delay and bandwidth constraint channels by using the joint source-channel decoding and demodulation （JSCCM） algorithm.

从图式理论看《红楼梦》的两个英译本的差异

本文试图将语言学界和外语教学界广泛运用于阅读理解研究的"图式理论",用来解释《红楼梦》两个全译本的翻译差别,因为这本古典名著的翻译既涉及东西文化中不同译者的理解又涉及译文潜在读者的理解。在对源语进行解码时,译者应充分激活与文本相关的图式,同时应充实自身的知识和文化图式以保证有足够的图式可供调用。在对译语进行编码时,译者应做到有利于激活译语读者的已有图式,同时也要有利于帮助译语读者建立新的图式以达到传播中国的悠久历史人文文化。