A real-time prototype of drowsy driver monitoring system using infrared sources to detect and track the eyes is presented. A special hardware is designed for controlling the LEDs and real-time image acquisition. This ...A real-time prototype of drowsy driver monitoring system using infrared sources to detect and track the eyes is presented. A special hardware is designed for controlling the LEDs and real-time image acquisition. This method adopts the differential image to enhance the accuracy and robustness of eye detection. A Kalman filter is implemented to track the eyes. The experimental results are discussed. The system is non-invesive, fast and reasonably accurate.展开更多
For dealing with high-salinity wastewater in the refinery, the high cost of driving heat source is the disadvantage of multi-effect distillation (MED) so it is of great importance to evaluate the performance of low-te...For dealing with high-salinity wastewater in the refinery, the high cost of driving heat source is the disadvantage of multi-effect distillation (MED) so it is of great importance to evaluate the performance of low-temperature heat source for conducting MED and select the optimal temperature for it. Both the MED and the low-temperature heat sources studied in this paper were from a typical refinery located in northwestern China. Besides, a new methodology to evaluate heat sources as the optimal candidate was proposed for MED based on the grey system theory. Five process units, which included 18 fluids of the refinery, were named as the evaluation projects. Three factors, which included safety effects, total costs and characteristics of low-temperature heat sources were determined as the evaluation indexes, the values of which were established through the analyses. The results obtained through the grey correlation analyses have revealed that the grey correlation degrees of these units were 0.661(AVDU), 0.732 (#1 FCCU), 0.618 (#2 FCCU), 0.535 (#1 DCU), and 0.572 (#2 DCU), respectively. Thus, the optimal heat source was provided from #1 FCCU. Through further analyses of the fluids from #1 FCCU, the grey correlation degrees of the fluids were 0.597 (oil and gas at top of tower), 0.714 (recycle oil and gas), and 0.512 (diesel), respectively. Thus, the optimal heat source was the oil and gas recycle stream.展开更多
This paper analyzes the total movement period of the development of the world telecommunication industry, and points out the basic principles of the supply and demand regulation and the market drive are important and ...This paper analyzes the total movement period of the development of the world telecommunication industry, and points out the basic principles of the supply and demand regulation and the market drive are important and useful to the telecommunication industry. The thesis puts forward the pertinent evaluation and the positive suggestions according to the general characteristics and individual characteristics of Chinese telecommunication industry and emphasizes the meaning of the demand drive.展开更多
This paper discusses the prospect of high efficiency motors based on usage in industrial sectors. In fact, energy consumption is globally classified into the industrial sector, transport system, residential and commer...This paper discusses the prospect of high efficiency motors based on usage in industrial sectors. In fact, energy consumption is globally classified into the industrial sector, transport system, residential and commercial building, agriculture and others sectors. In all the sectors, energy is eventually consumed by electrical appliances and equipments and the industrial sector accounts for the largest share of the overall energy consumption. The study concerns to identify the energy consumption using qualitative method. The main emphasis was given to comparison of the motor with high efficiency motors （HEMs） and traditional standard motors to investigate energy savings. According to the study, industrial sector has up to 25% of electrical energy conservation potential. Almost 70%-75% of the electrical energy consumption in industry is on account of use of electrical motors being used by pumps, fans, compressors and other motor driven system. Therefore, the potential for energy conservation through electric motors is quite high. Using high efficiency motors （HEMs） can thus reduce the losses and hence save vital energy costs. This paper will provide a contribution to electrical motors arena and will be a systematic knowledge base for researchers in this field.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative ana...The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative analysis was carried out to compare the fuel cycles considering different options for burning and recycling transuranic and fission products utilizing accelerator driven systems, fast reactors, and light water reactors. The results show that recycling and transmutation fuel cycles are more attractive than the current once-through fuel cycles from the point of view of sustainability. The main conclusion is that the decision about the construction of deep geological repositories for spent fuel disposal must be reevaluated.展开更多
Many conventional switching power supplies in input AC line voltage and filtering it with large electrolytic computers and low power motor drive systems operate by rectifying the capacitors. This results in undesirabl...Many conventional switching power supplies in input AC line voltage and filtering it with large electrolytic computers and low power motor drive systems operate by rectifying the capacitors. This results in undesirable side effects such as the generation of distorted input current waveform. The input power factor is also poor. Further, the input current has the shape of narrow pulses, which in turn increases its value. The reduction in input current harmonics and improved power factor operation of motor drive systems and switching power supplies are important from the energy saving point of view and also to satisfy the harmonic standards. This paper proposes a full bridge PWM rectifier with load current feedforward. The proposed approach has some advantages, including a quick response for the load fluctuation, the reduction of the number of sensors and simplified control, as compared with the conventional methods. From simulated results, it is clarified that the proposed control method is effective and useful.展开更多
文摘A real-time prototype of drowsy driver monitoring system using infrared sources to detect and track the eyes is presented. A special hardware is designed for controlling the LEDs and real-time image acquisition. This method adopts the differential image to enhance the accuracy and robustness of eye detection. A Kalman filter is implemented to track the eyes. The experimental results are discussed. The system is non-invesive, fast and reasonably accurate.
基金the Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.51178463)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(10CX04018A)of China for financial support of this studythe Environment and Safety Technology Center of China University of Petroleum for its technical and logistical assistance
文摘For dealing with high-salinity wastewater in the refinery, the high cost of driving heat source is the disadvantage of multi-effect distillation (MED) so it is of great importance to evaluate the performance of low-temperature heat source for conducting MED and select the optimal temperature for it. Both the MED and the low-temperature heat sources studied in this paper were from a typical refinery located in northwestern China. Besides, a new methodology to evaluate heat sources as the optimal candidate was proposed for MED based on the grey system theory. Five process units, which included 18 fluids of the refinery, were named as the evaluation projects. Three factors, which included safety effects, total costs and characteristics of low-temperature heat sources were determined as the evaluation indexes, the values of which were established through the analyses. The results obtained through the grey correlation analyses have revealed that the grey correlation degrees of these units were 0.661(AVDU), 0.732 (#1 FCCU), 0.618 (#2 FCCU), 0.535 (#1 DCU), and 0.572 (#2 DCU), respectively. Thus, the optimal heat source was provided from #1 FCCU. Through further analyses of the fluids from #1 FCCU, the grey correlation degrees of the fluids were 0.597 (oil and gas at top of tower), 0.714 (recycle oil and gas), and 0.512 (diesel), respectively. Thus, the optimal heat source was the oil and gas recycle stream.
文摘This paper analyzes the total movement period of the development of the world telecommunication industry, and points out the basic principles of the supply and demand regulation and the market drive are important and useful to the telecommunication industry. The thesis puts forward the pertinent evaluation and the positive suggestions according to the general characteristics and individual characteristics of Chinese telecommunication industry and emphasizes the meaning of the demand drive.
文摘This paper discusses the prospect of high efficiency motors based on usage in industrial sectors. In fact, energy consumption is globally classified into the industrial sector, transport system, residential and commercial building, agriculture and others sectors. In all the sectors, energy is eventually consumed by electrical appliances and equipments and the industrial sector accounts for the largest share of the overall energy consumption. The study concerns to identify the energy consumption using qualitative method. The main emphasis was given to comparison of the motor with high efficiency motors （HEMs） and traditional standard motors to investigate energy savings. According to the study, industrial sector has up to 25% of electrical energy conservation potential. Almost 70%-75% of the electrical energy consumption in industry is on account of use of electrical motors being used by pumps, fans, compressors and other motor driven system. Therefore, the potential for energy conservation through electric motors is quite high. Using high efficiency motors （HEMs） can thus reduce the losses and hence save vital energy costs. This paper will provide a contribution to electrical motors arena and will be a systematic knowledge base for researchers in this field.
文摘The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative analysis was carried out to compare the fuel cycles considering different options for burning and recycling transuranic and fission products utilizing accelerator driven systems, fast reactors, and light water reactors. The results show that recycling and transmutation fuel cycles are more attractive than the current once-through fuel cycles from the point of view of sustainability. The main conclusion is that the decision about the construction of deep geological repositories for spent fuel disposal must be reevaluated.
文摘Many conventional switching power supplies in input AC line voltage and filtering it with large electrolytic computers and low power motor drive systems operate by rectifying the capacitors. This results in undesirable side effects such as the generation of distorted input current waveform. The input power factor is also poor. Further, the input current has the shape of narrow pulses, which in turn increases its value. The reduction in input current harmonics and improved power factor operation of motor drive systems and switching power supplies are important from the energy saving point of view and also to satisfy the harmonic standards. This paper proposes a full bridge PWM rectifier with load current feedforward. The proposed approach has some advantages, including a quick response for the load fluctuation, the reduction of the number of sensors and simplified control, as compared with the conventional methods. From simulated results, it is clarified that the proposed control method is effective and useful.
