溶胀煤的红外光谱及热重分析研究

煤是由多种有机高分子化合物和矿物质组成的复杂混合物,而煤结构的研究内容主要是针对煤中的有机物质化学结构的研究。煤的化学结构决定了其多种反应性,所以煤化学结构的研究一直都是煤结构研究中的重要的研究课题。而煤的溶胀方法能够提供较多关于煤的化学结构消息,用傅立叶红外光谱法,热重分析法两种手段对去灰煤样、酒精和蒸馏水洗静吡啶溶胀煤样和NMP二次溶胀煤样进行化学结构与热解性质的分析,表征煤溶胀前后结构与热解反应性质的变化情况,定性地认识煤的溶胀反应过程。采用热重和红外光谱法联用分析NMP二次溶胀煤样,依据红外光谱了解热解过程中产物。这些工作有助于对淮南地区煤化学结构和热解反应性的研究。

假丝酵母在试剂溶胀煤中的生长研究

采用有机溶剂吡啶、N,N二甲基吡咯烷酮、甲醇、丙酮对煤进行了的溶胀预处理,并以溶胀的肥煤作为生长基质,接种假丝酵母进行了培养。通过不同的温度和pH的变化,考察了丝状酵母菌体的生长作用和对溶胀煤的转化作用。结果表明,在15℃下有利于酵母转化形成生醇代谢,在30℃下产生较多硫化氢。而在较酸性的条件下酵母的代谢和生长较活跃,从而有利于溶胀煤的部分转化。

年轻煤溶剂溶胀后加氢液化性能的研究

以山东龙口局洼里煤、新汶局孙村煤为研究用煤。首先进行溶剂溶胀,实验表明吡啶溶剂的溶胀作用最强。溶胀率指标表明溶胀煤结构变得疏松;热重分析表明溶胀煤热分解活性增强。然后对原煤和溶胀煤进行加氢液化实验,通过煤的转化率、液化油产率和煤气产率等指标,表明洼里原煤、洼里溶胀煤和孙村溶胀煤具有良好的加氢液化性能,各溶胀煤比其原煤的油产率均有显著提高。对于所实验煤的基本液化条件进行了实验探索。

几种烟煤及其热处理后的溶胀性能研究

研究了四种不同变质程度烟煤及其二硫化碳/N甲-基-2-吡咯烷酮(CS2/NMP)混合溶剂(1∶1,vol)的抽提物在不同溶剂中的溶胀性能,同时考察了四种煤样不同温度热处理后其溶胀性能的变化。结果表明,煤的溶胀率随煤化度增加而有所降低;变质程度较低的烟煤在极性溶剂中的溶胀率大于非极性溶剂,随着煤化度的增加,两者溶胀度差距减小;四种烟煤经混合溶剂抽提后,其抽余煤的交联密度降低,溶胀率增加。四种煤样150℃热处理后在CS2中的溶胀率均有所增加,表明热处理可以降低煤的交联密度。随着热处理温度提高至240℃,除气煤外,其余三种煤样在NMP和CS2中溶胀率均进一步增大,说明其交联密度进一步降低。这一结果与热处理煤样在混合溶剂中抽提率的变化趋势一致,如240℃热处理后瘦煤的抽提率由原煤的6.9%提高到17.3%。红外光谱研究表明,经过适当温度的热处理,可以脱除煤分子中的羰基和羟基等含氧官能团,破坏煤结构中的氢键,从而降低煤的交联密度,提高煤的溶胀率及其在混合溶剂中的抽提率。

红球菌对煤中硫的脱除及对煤溶胀和抽提性质的影响

Bio-desulfurization of coal by rhodococcus sp.was studied.Some kinds of coal were swelled with different organic solvents,and then the swelled coals were treated by rhodococcus sp.The results show that the ratios of desulfurization of coals increase after they are swelled,especially swelled with NMP,the ratio is more than 80%.On the other side,the swelling and extraction of coal were also studied after the coal had been treated by rhodococcus sp.The results show that the ratios of swelling increase more than 65%,but the extraction yield decreases for the coal treated by rhodococcus sp.

煤的溶胀与生物脱硫的研究

研究了煤的溶胀对生物脱硫的影响,考察了吡啶、NMP、甲醇、丙酮这4种溶剂对煤样的溶胀效果,以及在溶胀条件下红球菌对煤的脱硫作用。结果表明,吡啶、NMP对煤的溶胀效果较好,再经过红球菌脱硫的效果远比采用甲醇、丙酮处理的煤样脱硫效果好。

Improving performance of direct coal liquefaction through swelling with solvent under the radiation of ultrasonic wave

Three kinds of lower rank bituminous coals from Yanzhou mine and Tengxian mine from Shandong Province were treated and hydrogenated in the study. The test re- sults show that the performance of hydrogenation liquefaction of the pretreated coals is improved markedly. Under the test condition of H2 initial pressure 8.2 MPa, addition of FeSO4·7H2O and S as catalyst, final reacting temperature 400 ℃ and reacting time 1.5 h, the oil yield of pretreated YZ1 coal is 69.76% compared with 62.53% of oil yield of un- treated YZ1. Seminally the oil yield of pretreated YZ2 coal is 55.43% compared with 20.88% of untreated YZ2 coal. The results of tests also prove that the improving degree of hydrogenation liquefaction of the pretreated coals is related with radiation duration when the radiation frequency and radiation power of ultrasonic wave are fixed.