海底滑坡是海洋中常见的一种灾害地质现象,一旦发生将会对水下基础设施造成破坏,而目前很少有有关海底黏性滑坡体运动演化行为方面的模拟研究。采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元法(discrete element m...海底滑坡是海洋中常见的一种灾害地质现象,一旦发生将会对水下基础设施造成破坏,而目前很少有有关海底黏性滑坡体运动演化行为方面的模拟研究。采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)建立了描述水与颗粒相互作用的流固耦合模型,通过引入颗粒间黏聚力模型,发展海底黏性滑体运动演化过程的CFD-DEM耦合分析方法,并开展了多个典型算例的验证分析。在此基础上,考虑滑体黏性作用和初始速度,系统地模拟了海底滑坡体的运动学特征(运动速度和距离)和形态特征(滑体长度、宽度、形状等),并深入探究了滑体运动及演化过程的影响机制。结果表明:该耦合方法可以较好地模拟再现海底滑坡体的小尺度运动行为,滑坡体的黏性作用对其运动学特征和形态特征具有显著影响,初始速度也明显影响了滑体各部位在运动过程中的颗粒流场演化及分布特征。这一成果可为真实海底滑坡的运动演化过程模拟和有效预测提供重要的科学依据。展开更多
At 5:39 am on June 24, 2017, a landslide occurred in the village of Xinmo in Maoxian County, Aba Tibet and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture(Sichuan Province, Southwest China). On June 25, aerial images were acquired from a...At 5:39 am on June 24, 2017, a landslide occurred in the village of Xinmo in Maoxian County, Aba Tibet and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture(Sichuan Province, Southwest China). On June 25, aerial images were acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), and a digital elevation model(DEM) was processed. Landslide geometrical features were then analyzed. These are the front and rear edge elevation, accumulation area and horizontal sliding distance. Then, the volume and the spatial distribution of the thickness of the deposit were calculated from the difference between the DEM available before the landslide, and the UAV-derived DEM collected after the landslide. Also, the disaster was assessed using high-resolution satellite images acquired before the landslide. These include Quick Bird, Pleiades-1 and GF-2 images with spatial resolutions of 0.65 m, 0.70 m, and 0.80 m, respectively, and the aerial images acquired from the UAV after the landslide with a spatial resolution of 0.1 m. According to the analysis, the area of the landslide was 1.62 km2, and the volume of the landslide was 7.70 ± 1.46 million m3. The average thickness of the landslide accumulation was approximately 8 m. The landslide destroyed a total of 103 buildings. The area of destroyed farmlands was 2.53 ha, and the orchard area was reduced by 28.67 ha. A 2-km section of Songpinggou River was blocked and a 2.1-km section of township road No. 104 was buried. Constrained by the terrain conditions, densely populated and more economically developed areas in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River basin are mainly located in the bottom of the valleys. This is a dangerous area regarding landslide, debris flow and flash flood events Therefore, in mountainous, high-risk disaster areas, it is important to carefully select residential sites to avoid a large number of casualties.展开更多
On the basis of geological investigating work and experimental studies on slide zone soil of one landslide in Tibet,the authors analyzed granulometric composition,clay mineral composition and physical and mechanical p...On the basis of geological investigating work and experimental studies on slide zone soil of one landslide in Tibet,the authors analyzed granulometric composition,clay mineral composition and physical and mechanical properties for the soil in the slide zone.The soil samples are gravel containing fine particle.Particles larger than 2 mm occupy the main proportion with the content 51.5%--68.5%.The relative content of clay minerals is low.The clay minerals are illite smectite mixed layer and kaolinite,and their relative contents are 6%--13% and 4%-11%,respectively.The main mineral ingredient is quartz and the relative content is over 30%.Therefore,the soil’s hydrophily is poor.The cohesion and internal friction angle are high,causing preferable physical-mechanical features of slide zone soil.On the basis of the obtained data,the landslide stability is evaluated by means of limit equilibrium method.The safety factors are 3.191 and 1.92 respectively under both natural and normal water level conditions.The study results show that the landslide is stable.It can provide the appropriate basis and reference for landslide stability evaluation and landslide control in Tibet.展开更多
文摘海底滑坡是海洋中常见的一种灾害地质现象,一旦发生将会对水下基础设施造成破坏,而目前很少有有关海底黏性滑坡体运动演化行为方面的模拟研究。采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)和离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)建立了描述水与颗粒相互作用的流固耦合模型,通过引入颗粒间黏聚力模型,发展海底黏性滑体运动演化过程的CFD-DEM耦合分析方法,并开展了多个典型算例的验证分析。在此基础上,考虑滑体黏性作用和初始速度,系统地模拟了海底滑坡体的运动学特征(运动速度和距离)和形态特征(滑体长度、宽度、形状等),并深入探究了滑体运动及演化过程的影响机制。结果表明:该耦合方法可以较好地模拟再现海底滑坡体的小尺度运动行为,滑坡体的黏性作用对其运动学特征和形态特征具有显著影响,初始速度也明显影响了滑体各部位在运动过程中的颗粒流场演化及分布特征。这一成果可为真实海底滑坡的运动演化过程模拟和有效预测提供重要的科学依据。
基金funded by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (Grants No. 2017YFC0505104)the Key Laboratory of Digital Mapping and Land Information Application of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China (Grants No. DM2016SC09)
文摘At 5:39 am on June 24, 2017, a landslide occurred in the village of Xinmo in Maoxian County, Aba Tibet and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture(Sichuan Province, Southwest China). On June 25, aerial images were acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), and a digital elevation model(DEM) was processed. Landslide geometrical features were then analyzed. These are the front and rear edge elevation, accumulation area and horizontal sliding distance. Then, the volume and the spatial distribution of the thickness of the deposit were calculated from the difference between the DEM available before the landslide, and the UAV-derived DEM collected after the landslide. Also, the disaster was assessed using high-resolution satellite images acquired before the landslide. These include Quick Bird, Pleiades-1 and GF-2 images with spatial resolutions of 0.65 m, 0.70 m, and 0.80 m, respectively, and the aerial images acquired from the UAV after the landslide with a spatial resolution of 0.1 m. According to the analysis, the area of the landslide was 1.62 km2, and the volume of the landslide was 7.70 ± 1.46 million m3. The average thickness of the landslide accumulation was approximately 8 m. The landslide destroyed a total of 103 buildings. The area of destroyed farmlands was 2.53 ha, and the orchard area was reduced by 28.67 ha. A 2-km section of Songpinggou River was blocked and a 2.1-km section of township road No. 104 was buried. Constrained by the terrain conditions, densely populated and more economically developed areas in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River basin are mainly located in the bottom of the valleys. This is a dangerous area regarding landslide, debris flow and flash flood events Therefore, in mountainous, high-risk disaster areas, it is important to carefully select residential sites to avoid a large number of casualties.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Development Planning Project of Jilin Province(No.201201057)
文摘On the basis of geological investigating work and experimental studies on slide zone soil of one landslide in Tibet,the authors analyzed granulometric composition,clay mineral composition and physical and mechanical properties for the soil in the slide zone.The soil samples are gravel containing fine particle.Particles larger than 2 mm occupy the main proportion with the content 51.5%--68.5%.The relative content of clay minerals is low.The clay minerals are illite smectite mixed layer and kaolinite,and their relative contents are 6%--13% and 4%-11%,respectively.The main mineral ingredient is quartz and the relative content is over 30%.Therefore,the soil’s hydrophily is poor.The cohesion and internal friction angle are high,causing preferable physical-mechanical features of slide zone soil.On the basis of the obtained data,the landslide stability is evaluated by means of limit equilibrium method.The safety factors are 3.191 and 1.92 respectively under both natural and normal water level conditions.The study results show that the landslide is stable.It can provide the appropriate basis and reference for landslide stability evaluation and landslide control in Tibet.
