元坝长兴组气藏礁滩沉积微相地质特征及测井识别

元坝气田长兴组气藏主要发育生物礁相和生屑滩相储层。生物礁与非生物礁地层由于生长环境、形态及岩石结构特征差异,测井响应特征不同。利用电成像和常规测井资料,对这些特征差异进行了详细描述,论述了滩核、滩缘和滩间的测井响应特征。长兴组气藏礁相地层沉积模式纵向上表现为礁基—礁核—礁盖—礁核—礁盖,共发育2期礁盖储层,优质储层主要集中在礁盖。滩核、滩缘与滩间测井响应特征的区别在于滩间处于低能沉积环境,自然伽马较高(30~80API之间)、呈指型和尖峰状,滩核和滩缘处于高能和较高能沉积环境,自然伽马为低值(小于20API);滩核与滩缘区别在于滩核电阻率呈隆起状、电成像可见交错层理、溶蚀孔洞发育,滩缘电阻率呈锯齿状,为低角度层理,夹少量溶蚀薄层。滩体分布广泛,但优质储层主要集中在滩核,滩间几乎不发育储层。整合岩心、测井、地震资料和区域地质背景,建立了元坝气田长兴组生物礁及生屑滩的测井识别模式。

Automatic discrimination of sedimentary facies and lithologies in reef-bank reservoirs using borehole image logs

Reef-bank reservoirs are an important target for petroleum exploration in marine carbonates and also an essential supplemental area for oil and gas production in China. Due to the diversity of reservoirs and the extreme heterogeneity of reef-banks, it is very difficult to discriminate the sedimentary facies and lithologies in reef-bank reservoirs using conventional well logs. The borehole image log provides clear identification of sedimentary structures and textures and is an ideal tool for discriminating sedimentary facies and lithologies. After examining a large number of borehole images and cores, we propose nine typical patterns for borehole image interpretation and a method that uses these patterns to discriminate sedimentary facies and lithologies in reeI^bank reservoirs automatically. We also develop software with user-friendly interface. The results of applications in reef-bank reservoirs in the middle Tarim Basin and northeast Sichuan have proved that the proposed method and the corresponding software are quite effective.