澄清处理对干红葡萄原酒中矿质元素的影响

目的测定澄清材料最佳澄清质量浓度下干红葡萄原酒中18种矿质元素的含量,筛选最优的矿质元素澄清材料。方法用不同质量浓度的明胶、蛋清粉、皂土、果胶酶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinyl-polypyrrolidone,PVPP)和壳聚糖溶液对干红葡萄原酒做澄清处理;确定各澄清材料的最佳澄清质量浓度;采用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定最佳澄清质量浓度下干红葡萄原酒中Al、Cr、Ni、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg、Zn、Sr、Co、Mo、Sn、Sb、Pb、As、Hg、Cd元素的含量。结果干红葡萄原酒明胶澄清的最佳质量浓度为0.4 mg/mL,皂土为1.2 mg/mL,蛋清粉为0.6 mg/mL,果胶酶为1.2 mg/mL,PVPP为0.6 mg/mL,壳聚糖为0.8 mg/mL;干红葡萄原酒中Pb、As、Hg、Cd未检出,经澄清处理后干红葡萄原酒中的矿质元素的含量有不同程度的下降,其中壳聚糖的沉降效果最显著。结论澄清处理可以降低干红葡萄酒中矿质元素的含量,其中Fe和Cu元素的含量影响干红葡萄酒的口感和色泽,重金属元素的含量影响干红葡萄酒的品质,因此干红葡萄原酒的澄清材料既要能去除有害的金属元素还要尽可能保留营养元素。

Plotting the Clarifying Curves and Determination of the Specific Amount of Settled Material during the Initial Period to Sedimentation in Stationary Column of Aqueous Suspensions of Solids

The present paper presents an algorithm and a program for plotting the clarifying curves and for determination of the specific amount of settled material during the initial period based on data obtained from sedimentation experiments in stationary column of aqueous suspensions of solids particles with different concentrations. The algorithm and program have been developed for an interactive, rapid and convenient processing of the data obtained from sedimentation experiments in stationary column of aqueous suspensions of solids particles and allow obtaining with accuracy of precise and expressive graphs which characterize the behaviour of aqueous suspensions to sedimentation in stationary column. Sedimentation study of different aqueous suspensions of solids particles in stationary column is of great importance for experimentally determining the important parameters required to design and exploitation clarifiers and sludge thickeners from waste water treatment plants.