激发性金属纳米疗法抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

纳米医学利用直径1~100 nm粒子的优势,将纳米技术广泛应用于多个生物医学领域。激发性金属纳米疗法是纳米医学的一个重要领域,在肿瘤治疗领域发挥着开创性作用。激发性金属纳米疗法基于金属纳米粒子与激发分子的相互作用,激发的方式包括内部激发、外部激发及联合激发,主要抗肿瘤形式包括化学动力治疗、光热治疗、光动力治疗、磁热治疗、联合免疫治疗等。内部激发分子触发的金属纳米疗法被广泛用于安全有效的抗肿瘤药物传递;外部激发分子具有可调控的特点,适用于抗肿瘤药物的靶向递送与肿瘤的精准靶向治疗;内部激发分子与外部激发分子联合的金属纳米疗法为肿瘤的联合治疗提供了新思路。本文就激发性金属纳米疗法在抗肿瘤治疗中的研究进展展开综述。

中医药治疗慢性乙型肝病毒携带研究进展

慢性乙型肝病毒携带与中医古籍温热病、传染病等记载与论述互为印证,《内经》伏气学说、《瘟疫论》"杂气"、"疫毒"是词异义同。治疗按体质分型、据舌脉论治、以脏腑辩证、从气血施方、专家验方、按药理分类、单纯针灸、穴位贴敷、穴位注射等各有所长,激发疗法、从逆法等创新思维提供新思路,中西医结合逐渐被重视。以辨证理论为指导,中医药在治疗ASC方面取得一定成效。病因病机、辨证分型及疗效评估等方面尚未达成共识、亦缺乏大样本临床试验数据支持。未来应积极探索、建立、发展规范的中医诊疗及疗效评估标准。

基于三维简并四波混频的PDT光敏剂HA瞬态光栅特性研究

竹红菌甲素(hypocrellin A,HA)具有丰富的激发态特性,有可能在新型光动力疗法(PDT)光敏剂、激光染料和新型光电器件方面有一定的应用前景。利用瞬态光栅技术研究了竹红菌甲素分别在不同极性和粘度溶剂中以及溶剂本身的瞬态光栅特性,把其瞬态光栅的超快过程归结为竹红菌甲素质子转移形成的过渡态TS*的衰减,得出过渡态TS*瞬态光栅的寿命为10.5 ps。竹红菌甲素分子的质子转移过渡态TS*瞬态光栅寿命不受溶剂极性和粘度的影响。

Systematic evaluation on the clinical efficacy of acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency on the basis of network Meta-analysis

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency（POI）. Methods Computer retrieval was carried out in such databases as Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane Library, web of science, Chinese biomedicine database（CBM）, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, Wan Fang and VIP in order to collect the randomized controlled trials（RCT） concerning acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of POI. Software R 3.40 and stata 14.0 were used for Meta-analysis and network Meta-analysis, and Rev Man 5.3 was used for plotting the risk bias diagrams. Results Fortythree RCTs were included in total, involving 3046 POI patients and 18 acupoint stimulation therapies and comprehensive therapies. Metaanalysis showed：（1） The curative effects of acupoint stimulation therapy（RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.07,1.45]）, acupoint stimulation therapy＋Chinese herbal medicine（RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.18,1.32]） and acupoint stimulation therapy＋ hormone replacement therapy（HRT）（RR=1.20, 95%CI [1.12,1.29]） were all superior to that of HRT, indicating that the differences were statistically significant（Z=2.90, P=0.04; Z=7.56, P〈0.000 01; Z=4.06, P〈0.000 01）.（2） Compared with HRT, the occurrence rate of adverse effect of acupoint stimulation therapy was lower, and the safety was superior to that of HRT（RR=0.18, 95%CI [0.08,0.41]）, indicating that the differences were statistically significant（Z=4.08, P〈0.000 1）. Forty-two direct comparisons and 110 indirect comparisons were generated according to network Meta-analysis, among which, 38 comparisons were statistically significant. Network Metaanalysis results with HRT as control showed： the therapeutic measures ranking top 3 according to the curative effect sequence were catgut embedment in acupoint, moxibustion and warming-needle moxibustion, successively, and all the 3 measures were monotherapies without reflecting the advantages of comprehensive therapy. HRT ranked 17 th among the 18 included therapeutic measures. Conclusion On the basis of current evidences, acupoint stimulation therapy has a better clinical efficacy and safety for treatment of POI when compared with HRT. The acupoint stimulation therapies ranking the top 3 have more significant curative effects, but the long-term efficacy and the effect on the ovarian function still need to be further explored. In addition, the conclusion of this study still needs to be verified through a large number of RCTs with reasonable designs and appropriate methods.

Effect of acupuncture plus medium-frequency electric stimulation on bladder function after radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer

Objective： To observe the effect of acupuncture plus medium-frequency electric stimulation on bladder function after radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. Methods： A total of 170 patients confirmed by biopsy and surgical pathology and treated with radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer were randomly divided into an acupuncture group, an observation group and a control group by random digital table. Fifty-six cases in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture after surgery, one session each day, till the extubation day; 58 cases in the observation group were treated with acupuncture plus medium-frequency electric stimulation after surgery, one session each day, till the extubation day; and 56 cases in the control group didn＇t receive any intervention, and the catheter was retained till the extubation day. On the postoperative day 14, all groups were dealt with catheterization to determine the residual urine volume, in order to observe the occurrence rate of urinary retention and the recovery of bladder function and to compare the differences of the therapeutic effects among the groups. Results： The occurrence rates of urinary retention were respectively 16.1%, 20.7% and 46.4% in the acupuncture group, observation group and control group, with significant differences （P〈0.05）. When comparing the acupuncture group and the observation group with the control group, there were significant differences （both P〈0.05）. In comparison between the acupuncture group and the observation group, there was no significant difference （P〉0.05）. The recovery rates of bladder function in the three group were respectively 42.9%, 60.3% and 41.1% without significant differences （P〉0.05）. Moreover, there were no significant between-group differences （P〉0.05）, but acupuncture plus medium-frequency electric stimulation showed a better tendency. Conclusion： The single application of acupuncture therapy is effective and able to prevent urinary retention after radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. Acupuncture plus medium-frequency electric stimulation can effectively enhance the recovery of bladder function and reduce the residual urine volume in the bladder to the maximum.

Effects of auricular point sticking on dry eye in myopia patients after SMILE surgery:a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial

Objective:To observe the intervention effect of auricular point sticking on dry eye in myopia patients after small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)surgery.Methods:This was a prospective randomized controlled study conducted among the myopia patients who received SMILE surgery at Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University.The post-SMILE operation patients who screened by the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into a control group and a treatment group.Patients in the control group were given 0.1%fluorometholone and 0.5%carboxymethylcellulose sodium eye drops,while the treatment group was given additional unilateral auricular point sticking for 1 month.The patients were estimated using ocular surface disease index(OSDI),Schirmer tear test-1(STT-1),tear film break-up time(TF-BUT),corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score,corneal sensitivity(CS)and visual quality(VQ)at 1 d,1 week and 1 month after surgery;the changes in anxiety and depression were also observed in the patients.Results:Compared with the first day after operation,CS in the nasal region was improved in the treatment group,and the VQ score increased in the control group patients at 1 week after operation(both P<0.05);at 1 month after operation,the TF-BUT increased,CFS score decreased,CS in the central and nasal regions increased(all P<0.05),and VQ score increased(P<0.01)in the treatment group,and the CS in the central,upper,lower and nasal regions were improved(all P<0.05),and VQ score increased(P<0.01)in the control group.The between-group comparison showed that the differences in the change of TF-BUT were statistically significant at 1 week and 1 month after surgery,respectively(both P<0.05).Conclusion:Auricular point sticking therapy can increase the TF-BUT and accelerate the repair of ocular surface function in post-SMILE patients.