不同化学激活方法对山羊卵母细胞激活效果的研究

激活是体细胞核移植技术的关键步骤。本研究对常用化学激活剂乙醇、钙离子载体A2 3187和离子霉素以及添加 6 二甲基氨基嘌呤 (6 Dimethylaminopurine ,6 DMAP)和放线菌酮 (cycloheximide ,CHX)对山羊卵母细胞的激活效果以及不同卵龄的卵母细胞激活后体外发育效果进行了比较。结果表明 :离子霉素处理组激活率显著高于乙醇和A2 3187处理组 (89.6 %vs 6 3.5 % ,6 8.7% ;P <0 .0 5 ) ;离子霉素 +6 -DMAP处理组激活率显著高于离子霉素 +CHX和离子霉素 +CHX +细胞松弛素D处理组 (90 .1%vs 5 8.9% ,6 3.7% ;P <0 .0 1) ;体外成熟 2 4、2 6、2 8h组桑椹胚率分别为 16 .0 %、2 0 .6 %和 33.3% ,30h组桑椹胚率下降 (13.8% )。以上结果说明 ,在本研究的激活条件下 ,山羊卵母细胞适宜的激活方法为 :成熟起始后 2 8h使用离子霉素和 6 DMAP进行联合激活。

镁离子对小鼠卵母细胞电激活效果的影响

为探索镁离子对卵母细胞激活的作用 ,研究了电激液、操作液和培养液中镁离子对小鼠卵母细胞电激活效果的影响。注射 h CG后 18h获取的小鼠卵母细胞 ,在含有或不含有 Mg2 + 的电激液、操作液和培养液中进行电刺激、洗涤和培养 ,并于培养 6 h和 9h后分别检查原核形成情况。结果发现 ,当用既含钙又含镁离子的甘露醇 (PM)进行电刺激 ,用含 Mg2 +的 M2 (M2 )和 Whitten′s液 (WM)进行洗涤和培养时 ,卵母细胞激活率为 6 7.4 % ,而当电激液为不含 Mg2 +甘露醇 (PM- )时 ,激活率降至 5 1.3% ,2组间差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。用 PM-电刺激 ,以 M2或不含有 Mg2 + 的 M2 (M2 - )洗涤并用 WM或不含有 Mg2 +的 Whitten′s(WM- )培养 6 h,卵母细胞激活率分别为 5 0 .0 %、4 9.6 %和 5 3.8% ,3者间差异不显著 ,但显著 (P<0 .0 5 )低于用 PM、M2和 WM处理的对照组的激活率 (72 % )。培养 9h检查时 ,3个处理组的激活率均显著 (P<0 .0 5 )增加 (分别增加了 16 .7%、19.2 %和 18.2 % ) ,而对照组的激活率增加不明显 (5 % )。这些结果说明 ,电激液中的 Mg2 + 对卵母细胞的电激活率和原核形成速度有明显的促进作用 ,而操作液和培养液中的 Mg2 +

两种腿弯举动作对股后肌群激活效果的对比分析

俯卧腿弯举和站姿腿弯举是股后肌群常用的训练方法.(1)目的:对两种不同腿弯举动作对股后肌群的激活效果进行等速肌力和肌电测试,为训练、竞赛提供实验依据;(2)方法:选取大二健身健美专项30名男生为实验对象,并将其随机分成两组,通过表面肌电图(SEMG)、高速摄影、等速肌力和彩色多普勒超声仪等测试获取股后肌群相关指标数据来进行分析;(3)结果:俯卧腿弯举RMS、iEMG值均大于站姿腿弯举.可以推断俯卧腿弯举动作对股后肌群的刺激效果大于站姿腿弯举;两个动作训练前后屈伸比有显著性增加,两种动作训练后股后肌群的厚度均有所增长,以俯卧腿弯举训练的增长效果明显;(4)结论:俯卧腿弯举和坐姿腿弯举股后肌群的刺激作用相当,对肌纤维增粗和肌力增加均有显著作用.

Mechanism and dose-effect of Ginkgolide B on severe acute pancreatitis of rats

AIM:To determine the optimal dosage and mechanism of Ginkgolide B(BN52021) on severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) of rats.METHODS:Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups(10 for each group).Shamoperation group(SO),SAP model group(SAP),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) contrast group(DMSO),and groups treated with 2.5 mg/kg BN52021(BN1),5 mg/kg BN52021(BN2),10 mg/kg BN52021(BN3),and 20 μg/kg Sandostatin(SS).The SAP model was established in Wistar rats by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate retrogradely into the common bilio-pancreatic duct.The rats of SO,DMSO and BN52021 were injected with 0.9% NaCl,0.5% DMSO and BN52021 through femoral vein 15 min after the operation.The SS group was injected with Sandostatin subcutaneously.All rats were anaesthetized at 6 h after operation,and venous blood was collected to determine the levels of serum amylase and phospholipase A2(PLA2),and pancreas tissue was harvested and stained.RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups in serum amylase level,PLA2,ascites and pathologic score,but significant difference was found in SAP/DMSO groups compared with those in SO group(P < 0.05) and the levels of serum amylase,PLA2,ascites,and pathologic score were lower in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).However,among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,BN2 had the best effect in decreasing the levels of serum amylase and PLA2(P < 0.05).Expression of platelet activating factor(PAF) receptor(PAFR) mRNA and protein showed no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups,or among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,but there was remarkable difference between SAP/DMSO group and SO group(P < 0.05),and expression of PAFR mRNA and protein was higher in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).PAFR expression was observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of pancreatic islet cells in Wistar rats by immunohistochemistry.CONCLUSION:By iv injection,5 mg/kg of BN52021 is the optimal dosage for SAP rats.BN52021 may inhibit the interaction/binding of PAF with PAFR.

Analysis of factors influencing moxibustion efficacy by affecting heat-activated transient receptor potential vanilloid channels

Moxibustion is an important component part of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Among different kinds of moxibustion methods,thermal stimulation seems to be a pivotal impact factor to the theraputic efficacy.Based on its thermal characteristic and treated area-skin,we hypothesize that the thermosensitive TRPV channels may involve in the mechanism of moxibustion.This study,by referring to various experimental and clinical data,analyzes the properties and features of transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)subfamily 1-4 and the impact of moxibustion on these channels.The factors impacting the efficacy of moxibustion treatment were analyzed on three levels:the independent ba-sic factors of moxibustion(temperature,space and time);moxibustion intensity(a compound factor achieved through comprehensive control of the three individual basic factors mentioned above);and moxibustion quantity(the amount of temperature stimulation applied within a certain unit of time,including the total amount of moxibustion treatment).The results from present study show that the effect of moxibustion therapy appears to be determined by the activation of TRPV1-4,mainly TRPV1 and TRPV2.Temperature(the degree of heat stimulation),time and area(how long the treatment lasts and how many TRPV1-4 channels are activated)affect the intensity of moxibustion treatment to form effective moxibustion quantity;this should be considered in clinical moxibustion application.

Thermal Activation of the Combustion Chamber of a Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine

The dominant feature of the work of many specialists on the design of the internal combustion engine is to achieve the possible lowest fuel consumption, which is the most convenient measure of the efficiency of the thermodynamic cycle. From the very beginning of this heat machine, there are many of solutions that are better or worse fit to the global development trend. In this paper, the authors suggest the possibility closer to the optimal solution by introducing structural active zones, where the task is instantaneous(during one cycle) heat transfer to the skin layer on elements of the combustion chamber and to transfer part of the recovered heat to the next cycle, reaching a growth effect of the useful efficiency by 10% to 20%. The solution is different from the ones used by the fact that it is only partially insulating barrier, and the main goal is focused on supporting the next thermal cycle by which it is possible to affect as mentioned above. This paper describes the idea of the functioning of the active combustion chamber and pointed out the technical capabilities of its creation.