在日本的大部分茶园,PH值低于5.0的酸性土壤,都能适应茶树生长.在酸性土壤中,铝被解离并具有一定的生理活性.因此,许多植物受到铝解离后的毒性影响.由于铝和磷形成化合物导致植物缺磷症是毒性影响之一.但茶树却未发现有铝中毒现象.如果...在日本的大部分茶园,PH值低于5.0的酸性土壤,都能适应茶树生长.在酸性土壤中,铝被解离并具有一定的生理活性.因此,许多植物受到铝解离后的毒性影响.由于铝和磷形成化合物导致植物缺磷症是毒性影响之一.但茶树却未发现有铝中毒现象.如果它们之间有差异的话,这可能是铝的存在刺激了茶树生长和磷的吸收的原因(Kon-ishi et al.1985).展开更多
A 60-day pot experiment was carried out using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as a typical organic pollutant phthalic ester and cowpea (Vigna sinensis) as the host plant to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorr...A 60-day pot experiment was carried out using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as a typical organic pollutant phthalic ester and cowpea (Vigna sinensis) as the host plant to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on plant growth and degradation of DEHP in two contaminated soils, a yellow-brown soil and a red soil. The air-dried soils were uniformly sprayed with different concentrations of DEHP, inoculated or left uninoculated with an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, and planted with…展开更多
Study of plant roots and the diversity of soil micro biota, such as bacteria, fungi and microfauna associated with them, is important for understanding the ecological complexities between diverse plants, microbes, soi...Study of plant roots and the diversity of soil micro biota, such as bacteria, fungi and microfauna associated with them, is important for understanding the ecological complexities between diverse plants, microbes, soil and climates and their role in phytoremediation of contaminated soils. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are universal and ubiquitous rhizosphere mi-croflora forming symbiosis with plant roots and acting as biofertilizers, bioprotactants, and biodegraders. In addition to AMF, soils also contain various antagonistic and beneficial bacteria such as root pathogens, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria including free-living and symbiotic N-fixers, and mycorrhiza helping bacteria. Their potential role in phytoremediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soils and water is becoming evident although there is need to completely understand the ecological complexities of the plant-microbe-soil interactions and their better exploitation as consortia in remediation strategies employed for contaminated soils. These multitrophic root microbial associations deserve multi-disciplinary investigations using molecular, biochemical, and physiological techniques. Ecosystem restoration of heavy metal contaminated soils practices need to incorporate microbial bio-technology research and development. This review highlights the ecological complexity and diversity of plant-microbe-soil combinations, particularly AM and provides an overview on the recent developments in this area. It also discusses the role AMF play in phytorestoration of HM contaminated soils, i.e. mycorrhizoremediation.展开更多
Flavonoids from legume root secretion may probably act as signal molecules for expression of Rhizobial “nod” nodulation genes and AM fungal symbiotic gene. Leaf mustard is a non-mycorrhizal plant; it does not contai...Flavonoids from legume root secretion may probably act as signal molecules for expression of Rhizobial “nod” nodulation genes and AM fungal symbiotic gene. Leaf mustard is a non-mycorrhizal plant; it does not contain fla- vonoids and other signal molecules. AM fungi could not in- fect the roots of leaf mustard and form a symbiont in nature, when it was treated with flavonoids (apigenin or daidzein). The results of trypan blue staining showed that two kinds of AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) successfully in- fected the roots of non-mycorrhizal plant leaf mustard. AM fungi grew towards and colonized the roots of leaf mustard, producing young spores and completing the course of life. AM fungi are the only one kind of fungi with ALP activity. The result of ALP staining has also proved that AM fungi infected successfully the roots of leaf mustard. AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) that existed in the roots of non-mycorrhizal plant leaf mustard were probed by nested PCR and special molecular probes. The above-mentioned proof chains have fully proved that flavonoids induced AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) to infect non-my- corrhizal plant and establish symbiotic relationship.展开更多
文摘在日本的大部分茶园,PH值低于5.0的酸性土壤,都能适应茶树生长.在酸性土壤中,铝被解离并具有一定的生理活性.因此,许多植物受到铝解离后的毒性影响.由于铝和磷形成化合物导致植物缺磷症是毒性影响之一.但茶树却未发现有铝中毒现象.如果它们之间有差异的话,这可能是铝的存在刺激了茶树生长和磷的吸收的原因(Kon-ishi et al.1985).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40101015) the National Key Basic Research Support foundation of China (No. G1999011806)
文摘A 60-day pot experiment was carried out using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as a typical organic pollutant phthalic ester and cowpea (Vigna sinensis) as the host plant to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on plant growth and degradation of DEHP in two contaminated soils, a yellow-brown soil and a red soil. The air-dried soils were uniformly sprayed with different concentrations of DEHP, inoculated or left uninoculated with an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, and planted with…
文摘Study of plant roots and the diversity of soil micro biota, such as bacteria, fungi and microfauna associated with them, is important for understanding the ecological complexities between diverse plants, microbes, soil and climates and their role in phytoremediation of contaminated soils. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are universal and ubiquitous rhizosphere mi-croflora forming symbiosis with plant roots and acting as biofertilizers, bioprotactants, and biodegraders. In addition to AMF, soils also contain various antagonistic and beneficial bacteria such as root pathogens, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria including free-living and symbiotic N-fixers, and mycorrhiza helping bacteria. Their potential role in phytoremediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soils and water is becoming evident although there is need to completely understand the ecological complexities of the plant-microbe-soil interactions and their better exploitation as consortia in remediation strategies employed for contaminated soils. These multitrophic root microbial associations deserve multi-disciplinary investigations using molecular, biochemical, and physiological techniques. Ecosystem restoration of heavy metal contaminated soils practices need to incorporate microbial bio-technology research and development. This review highlights the ecological complexity and diversity of plant-microbe-soil combinations, particularly AM and provides an overview on the recent developments in this area. It also discusses the role AMF play in phytorestoration of HM contaminated soils, i.e. mycorrhizoremediation.
文摘Flavonoids from legume root secretion may probably act as signal molecules for expression of Rhizobial “nod” nodulation genes and AM fungal symbiotic gene. Leaf mustard is a non-mycorrhizal plant; it does not contain fla- vonoids and other signal molecules. AM fungi could not in- fect the roots of leaf mustard and form a symbiont in nature, when it was treated with flavonoids (apigenin or daidzein). The results of trypan blue staining showed that two kinds of AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) successfully in- fected the roots of non-mycorrhizal plant leaf mustard. AM fungi grew towards and colonized the roots of leaf mustard, producing young spores and completing the course of life. AM fungi are the only one kind of fungi with ALP activity. The result of ALP staining has also proved that AM fungi infected successfully the roots of leaf mustard. AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) that existed in the roots of non-mycorrhizal plant leaf mustard were probed by nested PCR and special molecular probes. The above-mentioned proof chains have fully proved that flavonoids induced AM fungi (G. intraradices and G. mosseae) to infect non-my- corrhizal plant and establish symbiotic relationship.
