木材加工废弃液作为灌根肥对草莓根系特性影响的研究

为了研究木材加工废弃液(以下简称"前溜液")作为植源生物肥的一种有效利用途径,笔者通过田间试验,收集木材热处理过程中不同温度下(150、250℃)蒸馏得到的废弃液和木材炭化过程中得到的木醋液,分别稀释不同倍数(100、800、1500倍)后,作为草莓植株灌根肥,通过测量根系长度、根系面积、地下生物量和根系活力等反映根系特征的指标,研究前溜液灌根对草莓根系生长的影响情况。结果表明,喷洒稀释100倍的150、250℃前溜液的试验组草莓根系重量较空白对照组有显著差异,能够有效促进根系鲜重和干重的增加;喷洒稀释800倍的木醋液试验组草莓根系较空白对照组有显著增长;喷洒稀释100、800倍的250℃前溜液和稀释1500倍的木醋液3个试验组草莓根系面积与空白对照组有显著增长。喷洒稀释100、800倍的250℃前溜液和稀释800倍的木醋液的3个试验组草莓根系活力较空白对照组增长显著,均增加4倍以上。试验证明适当浓度的前溜液和木醋液均能不同程度地促进草莓根系生长。

Effects of Alternative Partial Root-zone Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Plukenetia volubilis Seedlings

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of alternative partial rootzone irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on the potted seedlings of Plukenetia volubilis.A total of 7 treatments were designed with three factors, i.e., irrigation amount, irrigation mode and nitrogen fertilizer. The growth, photosynthesis and water use efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that compared with those under full irrigation, the biomass and water consumption under alternative partial root-zone irrigation were reduced by 5% and 75%, respectively, and the water use efficiency was increased by 60%. Under severe drought conditions, the root cap ratio in the nitrogen fertilizer treatment group was increased by 30%; the leaf area index, photosynthetic rate and biomass under alternative partial root-zone irrigation were reduced by 38%, 9% and 18%, respectively. It indicates that under severe drought conditions, alternative partial root-zone irrigation is not suitable to be matched with application of nitrogen fertilizer. In short, under moderate drought conditions, alternative partial root-zone irrigation could reduce transpiration and improve water use efficiency, and it is an effective water-saving irrigation technology for the plantation of P.volubilis plants.