蓄流灌溉农业节水技术模式研究与应用

为有效解决节水灌溉中存在的灌水时间长、能耗过多、灌溉水温低等问题,提出了蓄流分离式灌溉技术理论,基于供水与灌溉不连续、不同步、相互独立的用水机制,将作物灌溉的需用水量通过供、输水方式输至田间蓄流灌水容器之中,作物灌溉用水在自重作用下自流灌溉,即一种供水“蓄”与作物自流灌溉的“流” 之间彻底分离的灌溉方法.通过该技术在果树等稀植经济作物灌溉中的应用表明,该技术与常规灌溉（沟畦灌）相比,节水30%～50%,果树增产5%～20%;与高效节水灌溉技术相比,节能降耗75%以上,用水时间减少50%以上;与常规灌（沟畦灌） 和高效节水灌溉技术相比,提升灌溉水温10%～35%.

Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Water Consumption and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Cucumber

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effects of different irrigation amount on water consumption and water use efficiency of greenhouse cucumber.[Method]Under the condition of drip irrigation with different water amounts in sunlight greenhouse of the arid areas in Ningxia,the soil water was measured and the water consumption of crop was calculated.[Result]When irrigation amount was 563 mm,the water consumption as a whole gradually increased with the delay of growth period,reached peak during the thriving stage of fruit setting,and then gradually declined;in each treatment,the daily water consumption increased with the increasing of irrigation amount during each growth period.However,the consumption of soil moisture reduced with the significant increase of irrigation.563 mm of irrigation amount could meet the water requirements of cucumber and began to add water to soil,and water utilization efficiency could reach 33.4 kg/m3.[Conclusion]The research had provided theoretical basis for water management in the production process of greenhouse cucumber.