对二郎坪群火神庙组物质组成的质疑与再认识

经研究证明，前人建立的二郎坪群火神庙组确有少量的亚碱性双峰式火山岩。这些火山岩零星地分布在几个地区，走向不连续，出露宽度一般为数百米。构成该组主体的是一条规模宏伟的侵入岩带，其岩石组合为辉长岩－闪长岩－石英闪长岩－斜长花岗岩－花岗岩，总体上表现为正序岩浆演化序列。这些侵入岩普遍经历了三个阶段的变形变质作用，即第一阶段为韧性变形；第二阶段为静态重结晶；第三阶段为带状褶劈理，表现了复杂而漫长的构造演化史。

火力发电厂300MW机组主给水管道直径补偿热挤压三通设计与制造工艺

在分析直径补偿热挤压三通成型机理的基础上，提出了直径补偿的成形工艺。研制出两套立式模具和一套卧式模具，实现了用工艺方法增加热挤压三通支管高度，缩小三通相贯区内拐角处圆弧半径的目的。

东昆仑大灶火沟—万宝沟晚二叠世陆缘弧火山岩的发现及意义

东昆仑地区物质组成复杂、构造演化历史悠久,现保存的建造物质记录了从古元古代以来该区发生的地质事件,在多次洋陆转化中中泥盆世—中三叠世造山阶段尤为重要,同时也是该区岩浆活动和成矿作用的主要时期之一,长期以来缺失二叠纪火山岩记录。最近开展的1∶25万大灶火幅区调工作新发现一套中酸性高钾钙碱性系列火山岩组合,用LA-ICP-MS技术测得次流纹英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄为254.7±0.6Ma。根据剖面研究和区域对比,将这套陆缘弧环境下喷发的火山岩命名为晚二叠世大灶火沟组,主要分布在大灶火沟—万保沟一带,地层严格受昆南断裂控制,出露面积大于74km^2。这一发现不仅为东昆仑岩浆弧长期争论的是否存在二叠纪火山岩提供了明确的证据,而且填补了东昆仑地区晚二叠世火山岩地层的空白。东昆仑地区从二叠纪开始昆南洋向北俯冲,形成了规模巨大的碰撞型花岗岩,大灶火沟组火山岩的形成标志着晚二叠世东昆仑处于区域性挤压阶段。

A LFD-RAA-Based Rapid Detection Method for Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci

This study aimed to achieve rapid detection of Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci,the pathogen of tobacco wildfire disease.The specific primers and probes for recombinase-aided amplification(RAA)were designed with HrpZ as the target gene.RAA was then combined with the lateral flow dipstick(LFD)to establish a LFD-RAA-based rapid detection system for the pathogen.Furthermore,the detection performance of the established method was tested.The results showed that the LFDRAA method had high specificity.The amplification could be completed after 25 min of reaction at 39℃.The sensitivity of the established method reached 0.0001 ng/μL,which was superior to that of PCR detection.Moreover,the LFD-RAA method could quickly detect P.syringae pv.tabaci from tobacco leaves,demonstrating field applicability.To sum up,the LFD-RAA method established in this study can be applied in the rapid detection and early diagnosis of tobacco wildfire disease.

Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd alloy with large final rolling deformation

In this study,the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-χNd(χ=0,0.6)alloys were subjected to final rolling treatment with large deformation of 50%.The impact of annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated.The rolled Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 386 MPa,a yield strength of 361 MPa,and an elongation of 7.1%.Annealing at different temperatures resulted in reduced strength and obviously increased elongation for both alloys.Optimal mechanical properties for the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy were achieved after annealing at 200℃,with an ultimate tensile strength of 287 MPa,a yield strength of 235 MPa,and an elongation of 26.1%.The numerous deformed microstructures,twins,and precipitated phases in the rolled alloy could impede the deformation at room temperature and increase the work hardening rate.After annealing,a decrease in the work hardening effect and an increase in the dynamic recovery effect were obtained due to the formation of fine equiaxed grains,and the increased volume fraction of precipitated phases,which significantly improved the elongation of the alloy.Additionally,the addition of Nd element could enhance the annealing recrystallization rate,reduce the Schmid factor difference between basal and prismatic slip systems,facilitate multi-system slip initiation and improve the alloy plasticity.

河南省卢氏-方城地区三稀矿产资源区域地质特征与成矿规律初探

三稀资源是稀土、稀有及稀散资源的统称。三稀资源广泛用于冶金、电气、电池、农业、医药、轻纺、环保、石油化工、玻璃陶瓷、原子能以及国防工业,素有战略性新兴产业'维生素'之称,因而日益受到人们的关注。中国是世界上稀土资源最丰富的国家,已有22个省(区)先后发现了一批稀土矿床,主要分布于内蒙、江西、广东、广西、四川、山东等地。河南省以往对三稀矿产资源工作程度较低,勘查工作多以云母矿为主,与三稀金属矿有关的工作多局限于点上评价,缺少综合性调查。

Effects of cold rolling and heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AA 5052 aluminum alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of homogenized-rolled AA5052 aluminum alloys with different rolling reductions and following annealing treatments were investigated by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, micro-hardness and tensile tests. The results show that with increasing rolling reduction, the equiaxed grains are elongated along the rolling direction obviously, and accumulation of rolling reduction increases the work hardening effect, which results in the enhanced strength and degraded plasticity. When rolling reduction is 87%, the ultimate tensile strength reaches 325 MPa but elongation is only 2.5%. There are much more secondary phase precipitates after annealing treatment. With an increase of annealing temperature, the amount of precipitates increases and work hardening diminishes continuously. The elongation is improved to ~23% but the tensile strength is decreased to 212 MPa after annealing at 300 °C for 4 h, which are comparable to those of as-homogenized alloy.

Precipitation behavior of 14H LPSO structure in single 18R phase Mg-Y-Zn alloy during annealing at 773K

The microstructural evolution of a 18R single phase （S 18） alloy during annealing at 773 K for 100 h was investigated in order to reveal the formation mechanism of 14H phase. The results showed that the as-cast S 18 alloy was composed of 18R phase （its volume fraction exceeds 93%）, W particles and α-Mg phase. The 18R phase in S18 alloy was thermally stable and was not transformed into 14H long period stacking ordered （LPSO） phase during annealing. However, 14H lamellas formed within tiny α-Mg slices, and their average size and volume fraction increased with prolonging annealing time. Moreover, the 14H phase is nucleated within α-Mg independently on the basis of basal stacking faults （SFs）. The broadening growth of 14H lamellas is an interface-controlled process which involves ledges on basal planes, while the lengthening growth is a diffusion-controlled process and is associated with diffusion of solute atoms. The formation mechanism of 14H phase in this alloy could be explained as α-Mg＇→α-Mg＋14H.

Studies on the Extraction Methods of Metagenomic DNA from Mud Volcano in Xinjiang

[Objective]To seek one effective extraction method of metagenomic DNA from mud volcano.[Method]The metagenomic DNA from mud volcano was extracted by CTAB extraction method,SDS-enzyme method,improved method,reagent kit method.The extraction of four kinds of methods were compared.[Result]The extracted rate in reagent sets method was the highest,next was improved method,the extracted quantity in SDS-enzyme method was maximum.DNA extracted by the improved method was diluted ten times for PCR.[Conclusion]Considering economy and purity,the improved method can be used as one effective extraction method of metagenomic DNA from mud volcano.

河南省大青一带地球化学特征及找矿前景

河南省大青地区沿乔端-瓦穴子断裂带和二郎坪群火神庙组分布着以银、铅、锌为主的带状异常,过去未引起重视。通过地质大调查项目实施,对本区地球化学特征进行了研究,并重点检查了以银、铅、锌为主的异常。在火神庙组的变石英角斑岩中发现了银、铅、锌多金属矿化带,伴生有金、铜等金属矿化,并对其成因进行了初步分析。鉴于区域上存在众多的以银、铅、锌为主的综合异常和相似的地质环境,找矿产潜力很大,随着矿产资源评价工作的全面展开,本区找矿定会有较大的发现和突破。

Quench sensitivity of 6351 aluminum alloy

The quench sensitivity of 6351 alloy was determined by the time temperature-transformation（TTT） curves and time temperature-property（TTP） curves by an interrupted quench technique with measurement of as-aged hardness and as-quenched electro-conductivity.The microstructure transformation during isothermal treatment was studied by the transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and Avrami equation.The results showed that the electro-conductivity of the 6351 alloy increased and the hardness decreased with prolonging the holding time at a certain isothermal temperature.The TEM observation indicated that the supersaturated solid solution decomposed and needles β″ precipitated at the initial stage of isothermal holding.With the prolongation of holding time at the nose temperature,rod β＇ and plate β phases formed.The isothermal transformation rate at 360℃ was the fastest,and became slow at 280℃ and reached the slowest at 440℃.The nose temperatures of the TTT and TTP curves were about 360℃ and the high quench sensitive temperature range was 230 430℃.The quench factor analysis indicated that the cooling rate should be more than 15℃/s in the quench sensitive areas in order to get optimal mechanical properties.

Preparation of lead-free free-cutting graphite brasses by graphitization of cementite

Graphite brasses were prepared by graphitizing annealing of cast brasses containing cementite particles,which were in-situ formed during the fasting process.The eutectic cast iron as carbon source was added into common brasses by casting.SEM and EDS were used to analyze the microstructure of graphite brasses,and the relationship between the microstructure and machinability was investigated.The results show that graphite particles are formed by the decomposition of cementite particles in cast brasses.The graphite particles are uniformly dispersed in the brass matrix with the average size of 5.0 μm and the volume fraction of ~1.1%.The machinability in the graphite brass is dramatically increased relative to the common brass,because of the lubricating properties of graphite particles and its role in chip breaking.The workpiece surface of the graphite brasses chips is smooth and burr-free,and the chips of graphite brasses are short（C-shape） and discontinuous,which is much better than that of the long spiral chips of common brasses.

Evaluation of three kinds of MCrAlY coatings produced by electrospark deposition

Three kinds of MCrAlY coatings with different aluminum contents （5%, 8%, 12%） were prepared by electrospark deposition （ESD）, their microstructure and oxidation behavior were studied by SEM and XRD. The results showed that the phase composition of the coatings changed from single γ-Ni to γ-Ni＋β-NiAl hypoeutectic to γ-Ni＋β-NiAl hypereutectic with increasing aluminum content, and their solidification morphologies changed from cluster of cellular structure to cellular dendrites to coarse dendrites with secondary arms. When exposed at 1000 ℃, the coatings with higher Al content had a stronger tendency to form θ-Al2O3 in the initial several hours. After 100 h of oxidation, a dense and adherent α-Al2O3 scale formed on all of the three coatings but the thickness of α-Al2O3 scale and the amount of remaining θ-Al2O3 increased with increasing Al content. These results revealed different characteristics of ESD MCrAlY coatings which could provide scientific guidance for industrial application.

Web services composition with QoS bound based on simulated annealing algorithm

In order to enable quality-aware web services selection in the process of service composition,this paper first describes the non-functional requirements of service consumers and the quality of elementary service or composite service as a quality vector,and then models the QoS（quality of service）-aware composition as a multiple criteria optimization problem in extending directed graph.A novel simulated annealing algorithm for QoS-aware web services composition is presented.A normalizing for composite service QoS values is made,and a secondary iterative optimization is used in the algorithm.Experimental results show that the simulated annealing algorithm can satisfy the multiple criteria and global QoS requirements of service consumers.The algorithm produces near optimum solution with much less computation cost.

Formation mechanism and organizational controlling of ultra-fine-grain copper processed by asymmetrical accumulative rolling-bond and annealing

The initial copper with large grain sizes of 60-100 μm was processed by six passes asymmetrical accumulative rolling-bond （AARB） and annealing, the ultra-fine-grained （UFG） copper with grain size of 200 nm was obtained, and the microstructures and properties were studied. The results show that there are large sub-structures and also texture component C for the UFG copper obtained by six passes AARB, possessing high strength and microhardness in company with poor elongation and conductivity. Thereafter, the UFG copper was annealed at 220 °C for 35 min, in which the sub-structures disappear, the grain boundaries are composed of big angle grain boundaries, and the textures are composed of a variety of texture components and parts of twins. Compared with the UFG copper obtained by six passes AARB, the tensile strength and yield strength for the UFG copper obtained by six passes AARB and annealing at 220 °C for 35 min are decreased slightly, the elongation and conductivity are improved obviously.

Effects of rolling and annealing on microstructures and properties of Cu-Mg-Te-Y alloy

Microstructures and element distributions of the as-cast, hot-rolled and cold-rolled Cu-Mg-Te-Y alloys were studied. Effects of rolling process and annealing temperature on the properties of the Cu-Mg-Te-Y alloys were correspondingly investigated. The results indicate that the Mg element is homogeneously distributed in the matrix and the fragmentized Cu2Te phase is dispersed in the matrix after hot rolling. Then, the Cu2Te phase is further stretched to strip shape after the cold rolling process. The microstructures of the cold-rolled alloy keep unchanged for the sample annealed below 390 ℃ for 1 h. However, after annealing at 550 ℃ for 1 h, the copper alloy with fibrous microstructures formed during the cold rolling process recrystallizes, leading to an obvious drop of hardening effect and an increase of electrical conductivity. The Cu-Mg-Te-Y alloy with better comprehensive properties is obtained by annealing at 360-390 ℃.

Effect of pre-annealing on microstructure and compactibility of gas-atomized Al-Si alloy powders

Effect of pre-annealing treatment temperature on compactibility of gas-atomized Al-27%Si alloy powders was investigated. Microstructure and hardness of the annealed powders were characterized. Pre-annealing results in decreasing Al matrix hardness, dissolving of needle-like eutectic Si phase, precipitation and growth of supersaturated Si atoms, and spheroidisation of primary Si phase. Compactibility of the alloy powders is gradually improved with increasing the annealing temperature to 400 ℃. However, it decreases when the temperature is above 400 ℃ owing to the existence of Si-Si phase clusters and the densely distributed Si particles. A maximum relative density of 96.1% is obtained after annealing at 400 ℃ for 4 h. In addition, the deviation of compactibility among the pre-annealed powders reaches a maximum at a pressure of 175 MPa. Therefore, a proper pre-annealing treatment can significantly enhance the cold compactibility of gas-atomized Al-Si alloy powders.

Effect of homogenization annealing on microstructure, composition and mechanical properties of 7050/6009 bimetal slab

Homogenization annealing of the 7050/6009 bimetal slab prepared by direct-chill casting was investigated and its effects on microstructural evolution, composition distribution and mechanical properties in the interfacial region of the bimetal were studied. The results show that the optimized homogenization annealing process was 460℃for 24 h. After homogenization annealing, the Zn-rich phases and Al15（FeMn）3Si2phases were precipitated at the interface of the bimetal. The diffusion layer thickness of homogenized bimetal increased by 30 μm from 440 to480℃for 24 h, while it increased by 280 μm from 12 to 36 h at 460℃. The Vickers hardnessesat 6009 alloy side and interface of the bimetal decreased after homogenized annealing and grain coarsening was considered asthedominating softening mechanism.The hardness variation at 7050 alloy side was complicated due to the combined action of solution strengthening, dispersion strengthening and dissolution of reinforced phases.

Effect of vacuum annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of TA15 titanium alloy sheets

The mechanical properties, microstructures, and fractographs of TA15 sheets vacuum-annealed under different patterns were investigated. The results indicate that vacuum annealing significantly improves the mechanical properties of the sheets in comparison with those after ambient annealing. With increasing the annealing temperature, the phase boundaries and secondary a-phase increase, whereas the volume fraction of primary a-phase decreases, resulting in increased strength and decreased elongation A relatively fine secondary a-phase is obtained after double annealing. The desirable mechanical properties （i.e., ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 1070 MPa, 958 MPa, and 15%, respectively） are obtained through double annealing （（950 ℃/2 h, AC）＋（600 ℃/2 h, AC））. The fractographs obtained after tensile tests show that the deepest and largest dimples are formed in the specimen annealed at 850 ℃, which indicates that the best plasticity is obtained at this annealing temperature.

Effects of annealing process on sagging resistance of cold-rolled three-layer Al alloy clad sheets

The effectsof annealing process on the hardness, microstructure, Si diffusion, and the sagging resistance of cold-rolled 4343/3003/4343 Al alloy clad sheets and their 3003 Al alloy core sheets were experimentally investigated through hardness tests, EBSD observations, EDS analysis, and sagging test.The results showedthat with the increase of annealing temperature, the hardness of both clad sheet and core sheet decreased, while thesaggingresistancesof both clad and core sheets achieved maximum values after annealing at 380℃ for 1h. After annealing at 380℃, the clad layer contained fine and equiaxedrecrystallized grains; the core layer was composed of fully recrystallized coarse grains elongated along the rolling direction. The Si diffusion from the clad layer to the core zone was limited. After annealing at a higher temperature of 440℃ or 550℃, thesaggingresistance of clad sheets worsened precipitously. The grains in the clad layer grew up, obscuring the interface between the clad and core layer; the recrystallized grains in the core layer became finer. Significant amount of Si penetrated into the core layer through the accelerated diffusion. Compared with the microstructure refinement, Si diffusion is the main factor influencing thesaggingresistance.