灭火之树——梓柯树

在非洲的安哥拉西部,生长着一种叫“梓柯”的怪树,它竟具有灭火的特异功能。 这种树高大雄伟、枝繁叶茂,且一年四季长青。细长的叶片垂挂着,把整棵树围得严严实实密不透光,在它浓密的叶丛中长有许多皮球般大小的节苞。

动物灭火趣闻

在中美洲的尼加拉瓜地区,生活着一种名叫“沙利特”的鸟,这种鸟浑身乌黑,脖颈很细,肚子膨大,状如一只大瓶子,其内充满了液体,而这种液体竟是一种极好的灭火材料,无论何时何地,这种鸟一旦发现哪里着了火,便会成群结队飞至现场,奋不顾身地投入灭火战斗。只见它们不停地将肚子内贮存的液体由口中喷射出来,直至将火扑灭才肯罢休,当地人们将这种鸟称之为“灭火鸟”。它的群体行动,被称为“鸟儿消防队”。对这种鸟,经过科学家们反复研究,认为灭火鸟吐出的这种粘液中。

防火拐棍

意大利有一种能扑灭火灾的救生拐棍。这种拐棍的外形与普通的拐棍差不多,只是在拐棍身内装备了高效的灭火物质。每当遇到火灾时。

居家防火之我见

商店、宾馆等建筑,按建筑防火规范安装有消火栓,准备有消防设备和器材,以防不测。而一般居民住宅却没有消防设施。现实生活中住宅消防设施几乎为零,更谈不上灭火器等消防器材的添置。然而居民住宅置办家具、生活物品,可燃物品较多,一旦失火,燃烧蔓延较快,还往往殃及四邻,且因环境受限,老人、小孩行动不便,从而可能造成人民生命和物质财富的更大损失。据资料显示,某省去年居民住宅火灾约占火灾总数的60％以上,损失巨大。所以。

Fire Extinct Experiments with Water Mist by Adding Additives

The effects of fire extinguishment with water mist by adding different additives were studied.Tens of chemical substances (including alkali metal salt,dilution agent and surface active agent) were selected as additives due to their different extinct mechanisms.At first the performance of fire extinguishment with single additive was studied,then the effects of the same kinds of chemical substances under the same mass fraction were compared to study their influences on the fire extinguishment factors,including extinct time,fire temperature and oxygen concentration from which the fire extinct mechanism with additives could be concluded.Based on this the experiments were conducted to study the cooperate effect of the complexity of different additives.It indicated the relations between different firefighting mechanisms and different additives were competitive.From a large number of experiments the extinct mechanism with water mist by adding additives was concluded and an optimal compounding additive was selected.