灭草净片剂等防除水稻田杂草效果试验总结

12.5%灭草净片剂、7.5%乐草光片剂、30%田草亡WP是乐清乐吉化工厂新研制开发的稻田专用除草剂。片剂用药量少、使用方便,只要掰成小片均匀撒施即可,一改以往喷雾、撒施等施药方法,减轻劳动强度。为明确灭草净、乐草光和田草亡的除草效果,我站受市植保站委托,在早稻上进行了不同用药量除草试验,取得了较为理想的效果。

灭草净AS防除采种甜菜田杂草试验

最近几年，我地区一直在采种甜菜田使用苯磺隆、巨星、使它隆等防除采种甜菜田阔叶杂草的除草剂，使得我地区采种甜菜田杂草的草相发生了一定变化，狗尾草、马唐、稗草等禾本科杂草的危害日趋加重，严重地影响到我地区采种甜菜的生长发育和种子的产质量。为了有效地防除杂草，2005年我们应用山东华农作物保护有限公司生产的40％灭草净AS（水剂）防除采种甜菜田杂草，取得较为理想的效果。

乙氧氟草醚·莠灭净(38%悬浮剂)防除苹果园一年生杂草试验

为了验证和评价乙氧氟草醚与莠灭净的复配制剂乙氧氟草醚·莠灭净(38%悬浮剂)对苹果园一年生杂草的防除效果、最佳使用剂量及其对苹果树的安全性,进行了不同剂量的乙氧氟草醚·莠灭净(38%悬浮剂)对苹果园一年生杂草茎叶喷雾试验。结果表明,乙氧氟草醚·莠灭净(38%悬浮剂)885 g/hm2、1 140 g/hm2、1 425 g/hm2三处理药后14 d的株防效分别为68.97%、87.36%、96.55%;药后28 d的株防效分别为71.74%、88.04%、97.83%;药后45 d的株防效分别为69.29%、87.86%、96.43%,鲜重防效分别为70.03%、89.54%、96.88%。结论显示,用乙氧氟草醚·莠灭净(38%悬浮剂)防除苹果园一年生杂草,对苹果树安全,最佳用药量为1 140~1 425 g/hm2。

硝磺草酮·莠灭净可湿性粉剂防除甘蔗地杂草效果

为明确75%硝磺草酮·莠灭净可湿性粉剂防除甘蔗地杂草的效果、施用剂量及甘蔗安全性,为该药剂的大面积推广提供科学依据,以“云蔗89-151”为供试甘蔗品种,设置8个除草剂试验处理,采用随机区组设计,于甘蔗苗期时施药。试验结果表明,施药45 d后,每公顷施用75%硝磺草酮·莠灭净可湿性粉剂有效成分562.50、618.75、675.00、1237.50 g时,对甘蔗地杂草的综合防效分别为79.98%、88.53%、89.87%、93.89%,与对照组差异不显著;鲜重防效分别为83.36%、87.31%、91.81%、95.05%,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。75%硝磺草酮·莠灭净可湿性粉剂的适宜推广用量为562.50~675.00 g(ai)/hm^2,于甘蔗苗期时施药1次,能有效防除甘蔗地单子叶、双子叶、阔叶类杂草,且对甘蔗植株生长较安全。

Evaluation of the Genotoxicity of Polymeric Microparticles Containing Ametryn Herbicide

Agrochemicals have been used throughout the ages to eradicate weeds and pests. Use of agrochemicals is now commonplace, serving as an aid in farming procedures and contributing to greater agricultural production. However, the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals is a cause for concern because they can exert toxic effects on the environment and hence on living beings. This work involved a genotoxic analysis of controlled release formulations of the herbicide ametryn encapsulated in microspheres of poly（hydroxybutyrate） and poly（hydroxybutyrate-co^valerate）. Genotoxicity was analyzed using cytogenetic, micronucleus, comet and Allium cepa assays, as well as molecular analysis. The results showed that the rate of chromosome breakdown caused by unencapsulated ametryn was much higher than that caused by ametryn encapsulated in the polymer microspheres （p 〈 0.05）. This indicates that controlled release delivery systems employing the polymer formulations should be significantly safer for the environment and for living beings.