Two simplified models for predicting minimum extinguishing concentration(MEC) of ultrafine water mist(UFM)(<10 m) were developed based on limiting oxygen concentration(LOC) and combustion limit temperature(CLT),res...Two simplified models for predicting minimum extinguishing concentration(MEC) of ultrafine water mist(UFM)(<10 m) were developed based on limiting oxygen concentration(LOC) and combustion limit temperature(CLT),respectively.Experiment was conducted using a modified cup burner which can reduce the surface adsorption of UFM.Two typical liquid fuels,n-heptane and ethanol,were used in the experiment.Tests using the same scenario were repeated 20 times or 10 times according to the variance of extinguishing time.The average and the standard deviations of extinguishing time were used to evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of UFM.Experimental results agree well with the model based on LOC,and disagree with the model based on CLT.The disagreements were explained by analyzing flow behavior of UFM.It was concluded that the primary mechanism of fire extinguishment with UFM was oxygen dilution.展开更多
We review the construction of gravitational solutions holographically dual to N=1 quiver gauge theories with dynamical flavor multiplets.We focus on the D3-D7 construction and consider the finite temperature,finite qu...We review the construction of gravitational solutions holographically dual to N=1 quiver gauge theories with dynamical flavor multiplets.We focus on the D3-D7 construction and consider the finite temperature,finite quark chemical potential case where there is a charged black hole in the dual solution.Discussed physical outputs of the model include its thermodynamics (with susceptibilities) and general hydrodynamic properties.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51028401)Jiangsu Province-Supporting Science and Technology Program (Project No. BE2010677)the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Administrative Region,China (Project No.CityU118909)
文摘Two simplified models for predicting minimum extinguishing concentration(MEC) of ultrafine water mist(UFM)(<10 m) were developed based on limiting oxygen concentration(LOC) and combustion limit temperature(CLT),respectively.Experiment was conducted using a modified cup burner which can reduce the surface adsorption of UFM.Two typical liquid fuels,n-heptane and ethanol,were used in the experiment.Tests using the same scenario were repeated 20 times or 10 times according to the variance of extinguishing time.The average and the standard deviations of extinguishing time were used to evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of UFM.Experimental results agree well with the model based on LOC,and disagree with the model based on CLT.The disagreements were explained by analyzing flow behavior of UFM.It was concluded that the primary mechanism of fire extinguishment with UFM was oxygen dilution.
基金supported by the European Community Seventh Frame work Programme FP7/2007-2013,under grant agreements n. 253534 and 253937. J.T.supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientic Research (NWO) under the FOM Foundation research program+3 种基金supported by the MICINN and FEDER (grant FPA2008-01838)the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (CSD2007-00042)the Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion and grant INCITE09-206-121-PR)KITPC Beijing for hospitality and financial support (this last under grant KJCX2.YW.W10 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)
文摘We review the construction of gravitational solutions holographically dual to N=1 quiver gauge theories with dynamical flavor multiplets.We focus on the D3-D7 construction and consider the finite temperature,finite quark chemical potential case where there is a charged black hole in the dual solution.Discussed physical outputs of the model include its thermodynamics (with susceptibilities) and general hydrodynamic properties.
