In the present paper, a new species of the genus: Lamprotettix: L. yunnanensis , sp. nov. is described from Yunnan, China. The type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum of the Northwest Sci Tech Uni...In the present paper, a new species of the genus: Lamprotettix: L. yunnanensis , sp. nov. is described from Yunnan, China. The type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum of the Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture & Forestry.展开更多
We examine the traffic lights regime to enable the fastest overall approach to a city for a specific case. The case involves a traffic light where one continues on the main road, into which additional cars are enterin...We examine the traffic lights regime to enable the fastest overall approach to a city for a specific case. The case involves a traffic light where one continues on the main road, into which additional cars are entering at the light. At this intersection an alternative route begins, which is longer but into which no additional cars are entering. To keep the total number of vehicles constant, we subtract on the main road far from the intersection, the same number of cars as were added at the intersection. In addition to checking different densities we check also the influence of changes in the number of cars which were added. We calculate the Fourier transform of the average on each traffic light cycles of the velocity on the main road and bypass. We obtained different results for different cases. All the cases can be written as 1/fa .展开更多
Aims Gunnera tinctoria is an unusual N-fixing plant species that has become invasive worldwide,generally in environments with a low evaporative demand and/or high rainfall.Amongst the many mechanisms that may explain ...Aims Gunnera tinctoria is an unusual N-fixing plant species that has become invasive worldwide,generally in environments with a low evaporative demand and/or high rainfall.Amongst the many mechanisms that may explain its success as an introduced species,a contrasting phenology could be important but this may depend on an ability to grow and utilize nutrients under sub-optimal conditions.We examined whether G.tinctoria has an advantage in terms of a contrasting phenology and N-fixing capability,in comparisons with Juncus effusus,the native species most impacted by G.tinctoria invasions.Methods We made phenological assessments on a weekly or bi-weekly basis on long-established populations on Achill Island,Ireland,during 2016-2017.Data on leaf and inflorescence number,total leaf area,light interception and above-ground biomass were collected alongside measurements of soil temperature,moisture and oxidation-reduction potential.The significance of N-fixing ability for supporting seasonal growth was assessed usingδ15N isotopic assessments,together with in situ acetylene reduction measurements.Important Findings The timing of the initiation of growth of G.tinctoria and J.effusus varied between 2016 and 2017,with the earlier emergence and expansion of leaves of G.tinctoria,and the largest above-ground biomass associated with higher water availability.The early growth of G.tinctoria was dependent on preformed structures,with maximum canopy development occurring in late May,prior to that of J.effusus.Whilst N-fixation was observed in March,this made a more significant contribution to growth during the later stages of canopy development.Based onδ15N isotopic analyses,early growth was predominantly associated with N-remobilization from the rhizomes,whilst seedlings were largely reliant on N-fixation.This emphasizes the importance of nutrient mobilization for early growth and shows that the importance of an N-fixing capability may vary developmentally,as well as during different stages of the invasion process.展开更多
基金The project was supported by"the Fok Ying Tung Education FoundationNa-tional Educational Committee of China"
文摘In the present paper, a new species of the genus: Lamprotettix: L. yunnanensis , sp. nov. is described from Yunnan, China. The type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum of the Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture & Forestry.
文摘We examine the traffic lights regime to enable the fastest overall approach to a city for a specific case. The case involves a traffic light where one continues on the main road, into which additional cars are entering at the light. At this intersection an alternative route begins, which is longer but into which no additional cars are entering. To keep the total number of vehicles constant, we subtract on the main road far from the intersection, the same number of cars as were added at the intersection. In addition to checking different densities we check also the influence of changes in the number of cars which were added. We calculate the Fourier transform of the average on each traffic light cycles of the velocity on the main road and bypass. We obtained different results for different cases. All the cases can be written as 1/fa .
基金supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq).M.C.M.received the grant number 205031/2014-5.A.B.G.and L.G.S.were supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(BES-2013-062945 and CTM2015-64728-C2-1-R,respectively).
文摘Aims Gunnera tinctoria is an unusual N-fixing plant species that has become invasive worldwide,generally in environments with a low evaporative demand and/or high rainfall.Amongst the many mechanisms that may explain its success as an introduced species,a contrasting phenology could be important but this may depend on an ability to grow and utilize nutrients under sub-optimal conditions.We examined whether G.tinctoria has an advantage in terms of a contrasting phenology and N-fixing capability,in comparisons with Juncus effusus,the native species most impacted by G.tinctoria invasions.Methods We made phenological assessments on a weekly or bi-weekly basis on long-established populations on Achill Island,Ireland,during 2016-2017.Data on leaf and inflorescence number,total leaf area,light interception and above-ground biomass were collected alongside measurements of soil temperature,moisture and oxidation-reduction potential.The significance of N-fixing ability for supporting seasonal growth was assessed usingδ15N isotopic assessments,together with in situ acetylene reduction measurements.Important Findings The timing of the initiation of growth of G.tinctoria and J.effusus varied between 2016 and 2017,with the earlier emergence and expansion of leaves of G.tinctoria,and the largest above-ground biomass associated with higher water availability.The early growth of G.tinctoria was dependent on preformed structures,with maximum canopy development occurring in late May,prior to that of J.effusus.Whilst N-fixation was observed in March,this made a more significant contribution to growth during the later stages of canopy development.Based onδ15N isotopic analyses,early growth was predominantly associated with N-remobilization from the rhizomes,whilst seedlings were largely reliant on N-fixation.This emphasizes the importance of nutrient mobilization for early growth and shows that the importance of an N-fixing capability may vary developmentally,as well as during different stages of the invasion process.
