数码相片色彩处理中的灰度校色原理

根据RGB色彩构成原理,本文通过分析灰色的RGB色彩参数构成特点,提出了一种针对数码相片和数码图片色彩校准工作的灰度校色原理,可以准确有效地解决数码图像显示处理环节中,调整色彩校准参数的定量难题。

数码相片灰度校色原理的应用探讨

为了提高数码相片或数码图片色彩校准工作的准确度与工作效率,在数码相片灰度校色原理的基础上,通过实验分析,提出了一套具体的校色应用方案,解决了理论与实践相结合的应用难题.

LED光带型交通诱导屏的设计

LED光带交通诱导屏是近年来出现的一类新型交通诱导屏。它由静态文字、图形路段标识区和镶嵌其中的LED光带组成,以图形方式呈现道路整体轮廓和走向。LED光带可显示红、绿、黄三色,以之标示路段堵塞、畅通和拥挤三种路况信息。光带诱导屏控制部分由1台工控机和多台光带显示控制器构成,采用RS-485总线按自订通信协议以主从方式进行半双工通信。本文重点阐述了光带显示控制器的设计与实现。光带显示控制器主要由单片机、CPLD和RAM构成。单片机的主要作用是通信处理并生成显示数据。对信源实施游程长度压缩编码保证了LED光带的及时更新。CPLD可实现光带逐色灰度显示。单片机与CPLD共用外部RAM,采用中断和软件定时策略解决了访问冲突问题。为简化印制版布线,提出了CPLD辅助单片机访问外部RAM的方案,采用16bit恒流驱动芯片MBI5027,其断开故障检测功能使系统无需检测电路,仅用软件就可实现LED检测。

Insulation fault diagnosis based on group grey relational grade analysis method for power transformers

Utilising dissolved gases analysis, a new insulation fault diagnosis methodfor power transformers is proposed. This method is based on the group grey relational grade analysismethod. First, according to the fault type and grey reference sequence structure, some typicalfault samples are divided into several sets of grey reference sequences. These sets are structuredas one grey reference sequence group. Secondly, according to a new calculation method of the greyrelational coefficient, the individual relational coefficient and grade are computed. Then accordingto the given calculation method for the group grey relation grade, the group grey relational gradeis computed and the group grey relational grade matrix is structured. Finally, according to therelational sequence, the insulation fault is identified for power transformers. The results of alarge quantity of instant analyses show that the proposed method has higher diagnosis accuracy andreliability than the three-ratio method and the traditional grey relational method. It has goodclassified diagnosis ability and reliability.

Grey Correlation Analysis of Physiological Traits Related to Drought Tolerance in Pennisetum sp.

The drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was analyzed under different drought stress conditions simulated by various concentrations of PEG-6000. Changesofa series of indexes such as chlorophyll content, water content, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution, MDA content, proline content, soluble polysaccharide content and soluble protein content in the leaves were measured.The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was an- alyzed by the method of grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the chlorophyll, water content, relative electrical conductivity and soluble protein con- tentexhibited obvious negative correlation with the stress concentration, which de- creasedfollowing the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. The soluble polysaccha- ride contentshowed an increasing trend,the MDA content showed a rise at first fol- lowed by a declinetrend, while the prolinecontent was just opposite to MDA. The changes of the 3 indexes showed obvious positive correlation with thestress con- centration. The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennise- tum sp. were ranked as follows： leaf water content （0.980 8）, chlorophyll content （0.967 9）, MDA content （0.876 0）, soluble polysaccharide content （0.839 5）, soluble protein content（0.827 5）, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution（0.670 8）, and proline content（0.571 3）.

Response of Ecosystem Service Value Based on Land Use Changes and Analysis of its Driving Factors in Typical Hilly Region with Red Soil

The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.

MULTIVARIATE ABSOLUTE DEGREE OF GREY INCIDENCE BASED ON DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF POINTS

The analysis result of absolute degree of grey incidence for multivariate time series is often inconsistent with the qualitative analysis. To overcome this shortage, a multivariate absolute degree of grey incidence based on distribution characteristics of points is proposed. Based on the geometric description of multivariate time se- ries, the neighborhood extrema are extracted in the different regions, and a characteristic point set is constructed. Then according to the distribution of the characteristic point set, a characteristic point sequence reflecting the ge- ometric features of multivariate time series is obtained. The incidence analysis between multivariate time series is transformed into the relational analysis between characteristic point sequences, and a grey incidence model is established. The model possesses the properties of translational invariance, transpose and rank transform invari- ance, and satisfies the grey incidence analysis axioms. Finally, two cases are studied and the results prove the ef- fectiveness of the model.

ENTROPY MEASUREMENT OF INTERVAL GREY SEQUENCE AND ITS APPLICATION

The uncertainty measurement method for grey information theory and the metric formula are established, and its application in decision-making is researched. The entropy measurement of grey sequence based on the limited interval grey number sequence is different from the Shannon probability entropy. The measurement formula of grey number and its properties are studied, such as the invariance, the applicable conditions, and the grey entropy of union and intersection of two grey numbers, and so on. Finally, the algorithm for interval grey sequence and an example are given to show the effectiveness of the method.

Correlation, Principal Component and Grey Relation Analysis of Sweetpotato Root Biological Traits

[Objective] This study was conducted to explore the internal relationship among root biological traits of sweetpotato, as well as the regularity in their formation and differentiation. [Method] The root traits of 10 sweetpotato cultivars were measured through hydroponic culture in a greenhouse and field survey, and then their correlations were analyzed by statistical methods. [Result] The root morphological traits of sweetpotato at seedling stage such as projected area, surface area, average diameter and volume processed the highest contribution rate （80.56%） 10 d after transplanting, and the contribution rate of root average diameter reached 27.79% 20 d after transplanting. Storage root fresh weight per plant shared extremely significant positive correlations with storage root fresh weight of penultimate node and storage root fresh weight of antepenultimate node, and a significant positive corre- lation with commercial storage root number, and a significant negative correlation with storage root number of penultimate node. Among them, the correlation coeffi- cient of storage root fresh weight per plant with storage root fresh weight of antepenultimate node was the highest （0.659 5）. Fifteen days after transplanting, storage root fresh weight per plant had significant negative correlations with root projected area, surface area and volume. There was a significant positive correlation between root dry weight and storage root fresh weight per plant 25 d after transplanting. Root dry weight, volume, length, average diameter of sweetpotato seedlings had higher relational degrees with storage root fresh weight per plant. Ten and twenty days after transplanting were important time for the growth and differentiation of sweetpotato roots. In addition, node length and planting depth had certain influence on sweetpotato yield, and direct relationship existed between the seedling root biological traits and storage root yield of sweetpotato. [Conclusion] The results provide theoretical support for standard cultivation and new variety breeding of sweetpotato.

Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium Fertilizers on Soft Rot of Konjac Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

[Objective] The effects of different application amounts of nitrogen, phos-phate and potassium fertilizers on soft rot of konjac were investigated in this study. [Method] The grey correlation analysis was adopted to evaluate the correlation be-tween the application amount of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers and the occurrence of soft rot of konjac. [Result] The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer would induce the occurrence of soft rot of konjac, but the application of potassium fertilizer had a good control effect on soft rot. [Conclusion] The applica-tion amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be control ed reasonably in the planting of konjac, but the application amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer could be in-creased to some extent, reducing the occurrence of soft rot of konjac.

Analysis on the Change of Vegetation Cover and Its Prediction Method——A Case Study in Eastern Jilin

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of vegetation cover and its prediction method. [Method] The NDVl was used as data source to perform the spatial overlay analysis on the vegetation coverage changes of the study area in different time period under the GIS platform, with the aim to reveal the spatial distribution rules of the vegetation cover in Eastern Jilin Province during the recent 10 years. The Markov Model and Grey System G （1, 1） theory model were used to predict the vegetation cover change trend in Eastern Jilin Province. [Result] The vegetation cover increased a little, but staying stable in general. The regions with great changes were mainly around the lake and river. The prediction results of Markov Model and Grey System G （1, 1） theory model were consistent with the observed measurement. [Conclusion] This study provided referential basis for the effective protection of the vegetation coverage in mountainous forest, and important reference value for the scientific decision-making on the forest construction planning in Jilin Province as well as in China and sustainable development of social economy.

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Evaluation of Relationship Between Clothing Pressure of Men's Suit and Comfort

An investigation on relationship between clothing pressure of men's suit and wearing comfort is conducted. With the pressure measurements at different parts of men's suit under normal standing posture and in motion, the objective assessment of the total comfort are related to the subjective ratings of clothing pressure. There is a common strong sensation of pressure on shoulder with normal standing posture, and a strong relationship between total comfort and clothing pressure in back armhole and the front of upper arm with posture in motion.

Application of grey weighted related degree to the ambient air quality assessment

It is difficult to establish the integrated method to assess the ambient air quality because the atmospheric environmental system is composed of several environmental elements, which contains many contanination factors. In view of the typical grey system character of the monitored data in the ambient air, this paper introduces the weighted value to obtain related degree during applying the method of grey related degree analvsis to assess ambient air quality by each polluting factor producing different effects on the environment quality. This method could give more reasonable and reliable evaluating results. Taking the monitored data of Harbin, a provincial city of Heilongjiang, for example in this paper, the result of assessment by this method was coincide,It with the actual environmental quality of Harbin.

Gray comprehensive assessment and optimal selection of water consumption forecasting model

A comprehensive assessing method based on the principle of the gray system theory and gray relational grade analysis was put forward to optimize water consumption forecasting models. The method provides a better accuracy for the assessment and the optimal selection of the water consumption forecasting models. The results show that the forecasting model built on this comprehensive assessing method presents better self-adaptability and accuracy in forecasting.

A strip thickness prediction method of hot rolling based on D_S information reconstruction

To improve prediction accuracy of strip thickness in hot rolling, a kind of Dempster/Shafer(D_S) information reconstitution prediction method(DSIRPM) was presented. DSIRPM basically consisted of three steps to implement the prediction of strip thickness. Firstly, iba Analyzer was employed to analyze the periodicity of hot rolling and find three sensitive parameters to strip thickness, which were used to undertake polynomial curve fitting prediction based on least square respectively, and preliminary prediction results were obtained. Then, D_S evidence theory was used to reconstruct the prediction results under different parameters, in which basic probability assignment(BPA) was the key and the proposed contribution rate calculated using grey relational degree was regarded as BPA, which realizes BPA selection objectively. Finally, from this distribution, future strip thickness trend was inferred. Experimental results clearly show the improved prediction accuracy and stability compared with other prediction models, such as GM(1,1) and the weighted average prediction model.

Investigation of the Interactive,Intimidating Relation Between Urbanization and the Environment in an Arid Area Based on Grey System Theory

Taking the Hexi Corridor in western China as an example, this paper studies the interactive intimate i relation between urbanization and the environment in add areas based on the grey system theory. The results show that the grey relational degree between urbanization and the environment is low in the agriculture-oriented cities, modest in the tourism-oriented cities and great in the industry-oriented cities. The changing trend of coupling degree between urbanization and the environment does not entirely agree with that of urbanization or the environment. It showed fluctuating trends, which reflects the compactness and properties of the different stages of the coupling states between urbanization and the environment. In order to achieve a harmonious development with the environment in add areas, traditional development ideas about urbanization should be revised and more attention should be paid to the effect of restriction of water resources and the ecological environment on the development of the economy and society.

Impacts of Global Warming Perturbation on Water Resources in Arid Zone: Case Study of Kaidu River Basin in Northwest China

The main goal of this study was to assess the long-term impacts of global warming perturbation on water resources of the Kaidu River Basin in Northwest China. Temperature, precipitation and hydrology data during the past 29 years from 1979 to 2007 were collected and analyzed using parametric and non-parametric methods, the connection between temperature and precipitation by the combination of grey correlation analysis method and the hypothesis testing for trend of climate change. The results show a high increase in temperature in the study area as well as an extreme and highly variable hydrological regime in this region, where flash floods can exceed the total runoff from a sequence of years. These variations may be due to the geographical location of the Kaidu River Basin in arid zone. It also reveals that precipitation has a much greater impact on stream flow than that of temperature. The development of new approaches was proposed as responses to climate change in this arid region.

Submarine Pipeline Routing Risk Quantitative Analysis

A new method for submarine pipeline routing risk quantitative analysis was provided, and the study was developed from qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis.The characteristics of the potential risk of the submarine pipeline system were considered, and grey-mode identification theory was used. The study process was composed of three parts: establishing the indexes system of routing risk quantitative analysis, establishing the model of grey-mode identification for routing risk quantitative analysis, and establishing the standard of mode identification result. It is shown that this model can directly and concisely reflect the hazard degree of the routing through computing example, and prepares the routing selection for the future.

Grey analysis of the relationship between grain output and major input factor in Guizhou Province:1983-2005

Because conditions for the grain production are not favorable and the input in the production factors ofmodern agriculture is not sufficient, the grain supply has been less than the demand for a long time. By means of greycorrelation analysis, this paper deals with the correlation situation among such input factors as the grain sown area, thetotal power of agricultural machinery, the fertilizer utilization volume, the actual irrigation area, the damage area, thenumber of farming labor force, in order to understand the major restricting and driving forces that have affected thegrain output in the recent 23 years. The analysis shows that the grain sown area and fertilizer utilization volume are thetwo most important leading factors that affect grain production in Guizhou Province, while the damage area and the totalpower of the farming-used machines are the following factors. Fertilizer utilization volume and the actual agriculturalmachinery and irrigation area are the two increasingly influential factors that affect grain production. The influence of thefarming labor force upon grain production became less strong. The main measures to increase grain production outputin Guizhou Province are to stabilize the arable land, increase the actual irrigation area, expedite the transfer of thefarming labor force and increase the input of modern agriculture.