为解决无法获取先验分布模式的“贫信息、小样本”航线随机客流量预测问题,提取这类航线客流量时间序列的上、下界信息,并在中间增加一个偏好值,形成包含左界点、中间点和右界点的三元区间数结构的航线客流量表达形式,将三元区间数数据...为解决无法获取先验分布模式的“贫信息、小样本”航线随机客流量预测问题,提取这类航线客流量时间序列的上、下界信息,并在中间增加一个偏好值,形成包含左界点、中间点和右界点的三元区间数结构的航线客流量表达形式,将三元区间数数据结构转换为左半径、中心及右半径3个独立的时间序列,再利用灰色系统理论建立航线客流量预测模型,并利用周期外延模型对上述模型得出的残差序列进行修正。采用2004—2019年民航客运量数据进行验证分析。结果发现,ARIMA(autoregressive integrated moving average model)模型预测检验的平均绝对百分比误差为6.77%,灰色周期外延模型的平均绝对百分比误差为1.66%,因此后者在短期预测上有较大优势。展开更多
The grey forecasting model has been successfully applied to many fields. However, the precision of GM(1,1) model is not high. In order to remove the seasonal fluctuations in monitoring series before building GM(1,1) m...The grey forecasting model has been successfully applied to many fields. However, the precision of GM(1,1) model is not high. In order to remove the seasonal fluctuations in monitoring series before building GM(1,1) model, the forecasting series of GM(1,1) was built, and an inverse process was used to resume the seasonal fluctuations. Two deseasonalization methods were presented , i.e., seasonal index-based deseasonalization and standard normal distribution-based deseasonalization. They were combined with the GM(1,1) model to form hybrid grey models. A simple but practical method to further improve the forecasting results was also suggested. For comparison, a conventional periodic function model was investigated. The concept and algorithms were tested with four years monthly monitoring data. The results show that on the whole the seasonal index-GM(1,1) model outperform the conventional periodic function model and the conventional periodic function model outperform the SND-GM(1,1) model. The mean Absolute error and mean square error of seasonal index-GM(1,1) are 30.69% and 54.53% smaller than that of conventional periodic function model, respectively. The high accuracy, straightforward and easy implementation natures of the proposed hybrid seasonal index-grey model make it a powerful analysis technique for seasonal monitoring series.展开更多
文摘为解决无法获取先验分布模式的“贫信息、小样本”航线随机客流量预测问题,提取这类航线客流量时间序列的上、下界信息,并在中间增加一个偏好值,形成包含左界点、中间点和右界点的三元区间数结构的航线客流量表达形式,将三元区间数数据结构转换为左半径、中心及右半径3个独立的时间序列,再利用灰色系统理论建立航线客流量预测模型,并利用周期外延模型对上述模型得出的残差序列进行修正。采用2004—2019年民航客运量数据进行验证分析。结果发现,ARIMA(autoregressive integrated moving average model)模型预测检验的平均绝对百分比误差为6.77%,灰色周期外延模型的平均绝对百分比误差为1.66%,因此后者在短期预测上有较大优势。
文摘The grey forecasting model has been successfully applied to many fields. However, the precision of GM(1,1) model is not high. In order to remove the seasonal fluctuations in monitoring series before building GM(1,1) model, the forecasting series of GM(1,1) was built, and an inverse process was used to resume the seasonal fluctuations. Two deseasonalization methods were presented , i.e., seasonal index-based deseasonalization and standard normal distribution-based deseasonalization. They were combined with the GM(1,1) model to form hybrid grey models. A simple but practical method to further improve the forecasting results was also suggested. For comparison, a conventional periodic function model was investigated. The concept and algorithms were tested with four years monthly monitoring data. The results show that on the whole the seasonal index-GM(1,1) model outperform the conventional periodic function model and the conventional periodic function model outperform the SND-GM(1,1) model. The mean Absolute error and mean square error of seasonal index-GM(1,1) are 30.69% and 54.53% smaller than that of conventional periodic function model, respectively. The high accuracy, straightforward and easy implementation natures of the proposed hybrid seasonal index-grey model make it a powerful analysis technique for seasonal monitoring series.
