Aim To study the reason of the insensitiveness of Pearson product-momentcorrelation coefficient as a similarity measure and the method to improve its sensitivity. MethodsExperimental and simulated data sets were used....Aim To study the reason of the insensitiveness of Pearson product-momentcorrelation coefficient as a similarity measure and the method to improve its sensitivity. MethodsExperimental and simulated data sets were used. Results The distribution range of the data setsinfluences the sensitivity of Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Weighted Pearsonproduct-moment correlation coefficient is more sensitive when the range of the data set is large.Conclusion Weighted Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is necessary when the range ofthe data set is large.展开更多
AIM： To screen for metronidazole （MTZ）-resistance associated gene fragments of H pylori by suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH）. METHODS： Five MTZ-resistant （tester, T） and 1 MTZ- susceptible （driver, ...AIM： To screen for metronidazole （MTZ）-resistance associated gene fragments of H pylori by suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH）. METHODS： Five MTZ-resistant （tester, T） and 1 MTZ- susceptible （driver, D） clinical H pylori isolates were selected. Genomic DNAs were prepared and submitted to Rsa I digestion. Then two different adaptors were ligated respectively to the 5＇-end of two aliquots of the tester DNA fragments and SSH was made between the tester and driver DNAs. The specific inserts of tester strains were screened and MTZ-resistance related gene fragments were identified by dot blotting. RESULTS： Among the randomly selected 120 subtractive colonies, 37 DNA fragments had a different number of DNA copies （≥ 2 times） in resistant and susceptible strains and 17 of them had a significantly different number of DNA copies （≥ 3 times）. Among the sequences obtained from the 17 DNA fragments, new sequences were found in 10 DNA fragments and duplicated sequences in 7 DNA fragments, representing respectively the sequences of depeptide ABC transporter periplasmic dipeptide-binding protein （dppA）, permease protein （dppB）, ribosomal protein S4 （rps4）, ribonuclease Ⅲ （rnc）, protease （pqqE）, diaminopimelate epimerase （dapF）, acetatekinase （ackA）, H pylori plasmid pHP51 and Hpylori gene 1334. CONCLUSION： Gene fragments specific to MTZ-resistant H pylori strains can be screened by SSH and may be associated with MTZ-resistant Hpylori.展开更多
A semiconductor optical amplifier gate based on tensile strained quasi bulk InGaAs is developed.At injection current of 80mA,a 3dB optical bandwidth of more than 85nm is achieved due to dominant band filling effect...A semiconductor optical amplifier gate based on tensile strained quasi bulk InGaAs is developed.At injection current of 80mA,a 3dB optical bandwidth of more than 85nm is achieved due to dominant band filling effect.Moreover,the most important is that very low polarization dependence of gain (<0 7dB),fiber to fiber lossless operation current (70～90mA) and a high extinction ratio (>50dB) are simultaneously obtained over this wide 3dB optical bandwidth (1520～1609nm) which nearly covers the spectral region of the whole C band (1525～1565nm) and the whole L band (1570～1610nm).The gating time is also improved by decreasing carrier lifetime.The wide band polarization insensitive SOA gate is promising for use in future dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) communication systems.展开更多
The author studies the effect of uncertain conductivity on the electroencephalography （EEG） forward problem. A three-layer spherical head model with different and random layer conductivities is considered. Polynomia...The author studies the effect of uncertain conductivity on the electroencephalography （EEG） forward problem. A three-layer spherical head model with different and random layer conductivities is considered. Polynomial Chaos （PC） is used to model the randomness. The author performs a sensitivity and correlation analysis of EEG sensors influenced by uncertain conductivity. The author addressed the sensitivity analysis at three stages： dipole location and moment averaged out, only the dipole moment averaged out, and both fixed. On average, the author observes the least influenced electrodes along the great longitudinal fissure. Also, sensors located closer to a dipole source, are of greater influence to a change in conductivity. The highly influenced sensors were on average located temporal. This was also the case in the correlation analysis. Sensors in the temporal parts of the brain are highly correlated. Whereas the sensors in the occipital and lower frontal region, though they are close together, are not so highly correlated as in the temporal regions. This study clearly shows that intrinsic sensor correlation exists, and therefore cannot be discarded, especially in the inverse problem. In the latter it makes it possible not to specify the conductivities. It also offers an easy but rigorous modeling of the stochastic propagation of uncertain conductivity to sensorial potentials （e.g., making it suited for research on optimal placing of these sensors）.展开更多
Since India＇s philosophical discussion on the correlation between the mind and the body, the goal achieved through practice has been imbued with much meaning under the influences of yoga. Self-transcendence can be re...Since India＇s philosophical discussion on the correlation between the mind and the body, the goal achieved through practice has been imbued with much meaning under the influences of yoga. Self-transcendence can be reached through self-discipline that is founded upon the fundamental change and potential for existential practice. The mind and the body do not comprise a binary relationship but instead maintain an intimate relationship bound by the medium of organic energy of breathing, breath, and pr^0a. Of these medium that form the relationship, the pr^-0a has a natural healing tendency, which has been well documented within classics such as Upani.sads and Bhagavad G^ta. Classic yoga explains that pr^0a imbues within it a vivacious passion and energy that will connect the human body with the human mind. Thus, the pr^0a functions as bio-energy. From ancient Indian philosophy to Buddhism, yoga therapy actively utilizes practice as a main element. In particular, the Patafijali yoga＇s methodology details the organic correlation within its eight limbs （支） yoga practices. The prana is breath. This is the only sense in which Patafijali has used this word. Breath is called prana because it moves on continuously throughout the body and reaches the basic circle of the individual self. It pervades mouth, nostrils, heart, navel region and toes. As a result, it is a healing method that achieves far more than the scientific healing methods common in society.展开更多
In this paper, a numerical modeling tool is described which can be used to explore various aspects of four dimensional variational data assimilation and parameter estimation arising in geophysical, environmental, biol...In this paper, a numerical modeling tool is described which can be used to explore various aspects of four dimensional variational data assimilation and parameter estimation arising in geophysical, environmental, biological and engineering sciences. A major component of this tool is a coupled chaotic dynamical system obtained by coupling two versions of the well-known Lorenz （1963） model with different time scales which differ by a certain time-scale factor. A tangent linear model and its adjoint are considered that correspond to a coupled chaotic system. The general idea of applying sensitivity measures （sensitivity functions） to coupled systems, emphasizing the data assimilation aspects, is explored as well by the forward sensitivity approach. For this purpose the set of sensitivity equations is derived from the nonlinear equations of the coupled dynamical system. To estimate the influence of model parameter uncertainties on the simulated state variables the relative error in the energy norm is used.展开更多
To investigate the effects of overall alkali of a traditional Chinese medicine “Tongbiling” (brucine and strychnine alkaloids in main) on the cytokines expression in Th1 and Th2 cells in the synovial fluid of patien...To investigate the effects of overall alkali of a traditional Chinese medicine “Tongbiling” (brucine and strychnine alkaloids in main) on the cytokines expression in Th1 and Th2 cells in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatism arthritis and their signal pathway, the mononuclear cells in the synovial fluid (SFMC) of patients were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation, and the CD3 + CD69 + and CD3 + HLA-DR antigen were analyzed by flow cytometry in comparison with those of the peripheral blood. The rest of cells were cultured after resuspension with RPMI 1640 culture medium. Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) and ionomycin were added successively into the culture with various concentration of overall alkali Tongbiling (TBL). After 4 h of cultivation, the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in CD3 + cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The influence of overall alkali TBL (100?mg/L) on the intracellular calcium was investigated after Fluo-3/AM labeling and stimulation with PDB and ionomycin at 1, 2, 4 and 10?min, and the influence of TBL on the expression of CD3 + CD69 + cells were determined with stimulation of PDB for 24?h in the whole blood lymphocytes culture. It was found that the percentage of T cells bearing CD69 was significantly up-regulated (77%), while that of T cells bearing HLA-DR was 44% in the synovial mononucleated cells. After PDB and ionomycin stimulation, the expression of IFN-γ in CD3 + cells were up-regulated, but there was no change on the expression of IL-4 in CD3 + cells, indicating that ratio of Th1/Th2 was significantly increased and Th cells differentiate to Th1 cells in mainly. Four concentrations of overall alkaloid of TBL (200?mg/L, 100?mg/L, 50?mg/L, 25?mg/L) could down-regulated the expression of IFN-γ in CD3 + cells and the Th1/Th2 ratio obviously, but all the concentrations of the overall alkaloids had no effect on the expression of IL-4 in CD3 + cells. 100?mg/L concentration of the overall alkaloid did not down-regulate the intracellular calcium level. Each concentration of the overall alkaloid could down-regulated the expression CD69 obviously on the PDB-activated mouse T cells. It concluded from the above observations that the overall alkaloid of TBL could relieve the inflammatory and immune damages by suppressing the expression of Th1 type cytokines and Th1 cell differentiation, regulating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells and inhibiting the early activation of the T lymphocytes bearing CD69. There was no remarkable influence on the intracellular calcium signaling transduction pathway. The inhibitory effected on T cells to express IFN-γ might be due to the suppression of PKC-MAPK signaling pathway. From the standpoint of traditional Chinese medicine, this might be due to the regulation of “Yin” and “Yang” imbalance of joints to modify the pathological status in rheumatoid arthritis. This study provided an experimental basis for the application of overall alkaloids of TBL in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.展开更多
文摘Aim To study the reason of the insensitiveness of Pearson product-momentcorrelation coefficient as a similarity measure and the method to improve its sensitivity. MethodsExperimental and simulated data sets were used. Results The distribution range of the data setsinfluences the sensitivity of Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Weighted Pearsonproduct-moment correlation coefficient is more sensitive when the range of the data set is large.Conclusion Weighted Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is necessary when the range ofthe data set is large.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of ZhejiangProvince, No. 29801
文摘AIM： To screen for metronidazole （MTZ）-resistance associated gene fragments of H pylori by suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH）. METHODS： Five MTZ-resistant （tester, T） and 1 MTZ- susceptible （driver, D） clinical H pylori isolates were selected. Genomic DNAs were prepared and submitted to Rsa I digestion. Then two different adaptors were ligated respectively to the 5＇-end of two aliquots of the tester DNA fragments and SSH was made between the tester and driver DNAs. The specific inserts of tester strains were screened and MTZ-resistance related gene fragments were identified by dot blotting. RESULTS： Among the randomly selected 120 subtractive colonies, 37 DNA fragments had a different number of DNA copies （≥ 2 times） in resistant and susceptible strains and 17 of them had a significantly different number of DNA copies （≥ 3 times）. Among the sequences obtained from the 17 DNA fragments, new sequences were found in 10 DNA fragments and duplicated sequences in 7 DNA fragments, representing respectively the sequences of depeptide ABC transporter periplasmic dipeptide-binding protein （dppA）, permease protein （dppB）, ribosomal protein S4 （rps4）, ribonuclease Ⅲ （rnc）, protease （pqqE）, diaminopimelate epimerase （dapF）, acetatekinase （ackA）, H pylori plasmid pHP51 and Hpylori gene 1334. CONCLUSION： Gene fragments specific to MTZ-resistant H pylori strains can be screened by SSH and may be associated with MTZ-resistant Hpylori.
文摘A semiconductor optical amplifier gate based on tensile strained quasi bulk InGaAs is developed.At injection current of 80mA,a 3dB optical bandwidth of more than 85nm is achieved due to dominant band filling effect.Moreover,the most important is that very low polarization dependence of gain (<0 7dB),fiber to fiber lossless operation current (70～90mA) and a high extinction ratio (>50dB) are simultaneously obtained over this wide 3dB optical bandwidth (1520～1609nm) which nearly covers the spectral region of the whole C band (1525～1565nm) and the whole L band (1570～1610nm).The gating time is also improved by decreasing carrier lifetime.The wide band polarization insensitive SOA gate is promising for use in future dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) communication systems.
文摘The author studies the effect of uncertain conductivity on the electroencephalography （EEG） forward problem. A three-layer spherical head model with different and random layer conductivities is considered. Polynomial Chaos （PC） is used to model the randomness. The author performs a sensitivity and correlation analysis of EEG sensors influenced by uncertain conductivity. The author addressed the sensitivity analysis at three stages： dipole location and moment averaged out, only the dipole moment averaged out, and both fixed. On average, the author observes the least influenced electrodes along the great longitudinal fissure. Also, sensors located closer to a dipole source, are of greater influence to a change in conductivity. The highly influenced sensors were on average located temporal. This was also the case in the correlation analysis. Sensors in the temporal parts of the brain are highly correlated. Whereas the sensors in the occipital and lower frontal region, though they are close together, are not so highly correlated as in the temporal regions. This study clearly shows that intrinsic sensor correlation exists, and therefore cannot be discarded, especially in the inverse problem. In the latter it makes it possible not to specify the conductivities. It also offers an easy but rigorous modeling of the stochastic propagation of uncertain conductivity to sensorial potentials （e.g., making it suited for research on optimal placing of these sensors）.
文摘Since India＇s philosophical discussion on the correlation between the mind and the body, the goal achieved through practice has been imbued with much meaning under the influences of yoga. Self-transcendence can be reached through self-discipline that is founded upon the fundamental change and potential for existential practice. The mind and the body do not comprise a binary relationship but instead maintain an intimate relationship bound by the medium of organic energy of breathing, breath, and pr^0a. Of these medium that form the relationship, the pr^-0a has a natural healing tendency, which has been well documented within classics such as Upani.sads and Bhagavad G^ta. Classic yoga explains that pr^0a imbues within it a vivacious passion and energy that will connect the human body with the human mind. Thus, the pr^0a functions as bio-energy. From ancient Indian philosophy to Buddhism, yoga therapy actively utilizes practice as a main element. In particular, the Patafijali yoga＇s methodology details the organic correlation within its eight limbs （支） yoga practices. The prana is breath. This is the only sense in which Patafijali has used this word. Breath is called prana because it moves on continuously throughout the body and reaches the basic circle of the individual self. It pervades mouth, nostrils, heart, navel region and toes. As a result, it is a healing method that achieves far more than the scientific healing methods common in society.
文摘In this paper, a numerical modeling tool is described which can be used to explore various aspects of four dimensional variational data assimilation and parameter estimation arising in geophysical, environmental, biological and engineering sciences. A major component of this tool is a coupled chaotic dynamical system obtained by coupling two versions of the well-known Lorenz （1963） model with different time scales which differ by a certain time-scale factor. A tangent linear model and its adjoint are considered that correspond to a coupled chaotic system. The general idea of applying sensitivity measures （sensitivity functions） to coupled systems, emphasizing the data assimilation aspects, is explored as well by the forward sensitivity approach. For this purpose the set of sensitivity equations is derived from the nonlinear equations of the coupled dynamical system. To estimate the influence of model parameter uncertainties on the simulated state variables the relative error in the energy norm is used.
文摘To investigate the effects of overall alkali of a traditional Chinese medicine “Tongbiling” (brucine and strychnine alkaloids in main) on the cytokines expression in Th1 and Th2 cells in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatism arthritis and their signal pathway, the mononuclear cells in the synovial fluid (SFMC) of patients were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation, and the CD3 + CD69 + and CD3 + HLA-DR antigen were analyzed by flow cytometry in comparison with those of the peripheral blood. The rest of cells were cultured after resuspension with RPMI 1640 culture medium. Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) and ionomycin were added successively into the culture with various concentration of overall alkali Tongbiling (TBL). After 4 h of cultivation, the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in CD3 + cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The influence of overall alkali TBL (100?mg/L) on the intracellular calcium was investigated after Fluo-3/AM labeling and stimulation with PDB and ionomycin at 1, 2, 4 and 10?min, and the influence of TBL on the expression of CD3 + CD69 + cells were determined with stimulation of PDB for 24?h in the whole blood lymphocytes culture. It was found that the percentage of T cells bearing CD69 was significantly up-regulated (77%), while that of T cells bearing HLA-DR was 44% in the synovial mononucleated cells. After PDB and ionomycin stimulation, the expression of IFN-γ in CD3 + cells were up-regulated, but there was no change on the expression of IL-4 in CD3 + cells, indicating that ratio of Th1/Th2 was significantly increased and Th cells differentiate to Th1 cells in mainly. Four concentrations of overall alkaloid of TBL (200?mg/L, 100?mg/L, 50?mg/L, 25?mg/L) could down-regulated the expression of IFN-γ in CD3 + cells and the Th1/Th2 ratio obviously, but all the concentrations of the overall alkaloids had no effect on the expression of IL-4 in CD3 + cells. 100?mg/L concentration of the overall alkaloid did not down-regulate the intracellular calcium level. Each concentration of the overall alkaloid could down-regulated the expression CD69 obviously on the PDB-activated mouse T cells. It concluded from the above observations that the overall alkaloid of TBL could relieve the inflammatory and immune damages by suppressing the expression of Th1 type cytokines and Th1 cell differentiation, regulating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells and inhibiting the early activation of the T lymphocytes bearing CD69. There was no remarkable influence on the intracellular calcium signaling transduction pathway. The inhibitory effected on T cells to express IFN-γ might be due to the suppression of PKC-MAPK signaling pathway. From the standpoint of traditional Chinese medicine, this might be due to the regulation of “Yin” and “Yang” imbalance of joints to modify the pathological status in rheumatoid arthritis. This study provided an experimental basis for the application of overall alkaloids of TBL in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
