期刊文献+
共找到2篇文章
< 1 >
每页显示 20 50 100
沟谷灾害链演化模式与风险防控对策 被引量:37
1
作者 崔鹏 郭剑 《工程科学与技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期5-18,共14页
沟谷灾害链是近期才引起学界关注的灾害类型,也是川藏铁路交通廊道建设和运营中面临的巨大挑战。作者提出了沟谷灾害链的定义及组成要素,通过分析大量已发生沟谷灾害链事件,总结了沟谷灾害链的特性与类型,归纳出常见沟谷灾害链的演化模... 沟谷灾害链是近期才引起学界关注的灾害类型,也是川藏铁路交通廊道建设和运营中面临的巨大挑战。作者提出了沟谷灾害链的定义及组成要素,通过分析大量已发生沟谷灾害链事件,总结了沟谷灾害链的特性与类型,归纳出常见沟谷灾害链的演化模式,探讨了影响沟谷灾害链的关键物理过程,提出了沟谷灾害链的风险评估及防控对策思路,取得了以下结论:1)沟谷灾害链由潜在孕灾体、原生灾害、次生灾害(系列)和承灾体构成,具有时间相接、空间相连、因果关联、链式演进的典型特性;根据原生灾害类型可将沟谷灾害链分为滑坡灾害链、泥石流灾害链和冰湖灾害链3个大类和11个小类,这些演化模式可以通过3个关键过程(崩塌/滑坡-碎屑流/泥石流、滑坡/泥石流堵江-堰塞湖、堰塞湖/冰湖溃决)组合得到。2)沟谷灾害链的形成包含两种模式:一是,原生灾害体的物理力学性质在运动中发生改变而形成次生灾害;二是,原生灾害改变次生灾害体的形成条件进而诱发次生灾害。3)沟谷灾害链的风险评估要同时关注原生灾害的起动机制和次生灾害的链生机制,要强化潜在灾害链物源的准确识别,加强对灾种转化过程的科学认识,量化灾种转化机制和临界条件,构建灾害链全过程数值模拟评估方法,开展未来情景下沟谷灾害链的演进过程和风险评估。4)沟谷灾害链的防控研究在目前仍处于起步阶段,应在提高对沟谷灾害链科学认识的基础上,建立完善的沟谷灾害链早期识别、监测预警、模拟评估、应急处置、工程治理、应急避险和风险管理综合治理体系。 展开更多
关键词 沟谷灾害 演化模式 灾害链风险 堰塞湖 溃决洪水 川藏交通廊道
下载PDF
Research on the Relationship between New Risk Factors and Traditional Risk Factors and Its Interaction with Natural Disasters: A Case Study between Population Urbanization and Natural Disasters in County-Level Administrative Units in China
2
作者 Kong Feng Wang Yifei +1 位作者 Lu Lili Fang Jian 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2017年第4期218-229,共12页
Traditional risk factors fall into four categories: natural disasters, public health, accidents during production and social security. The four types of risks are called as public safety issues by the government of C... Traditional risk factors fall into four categories: natural disasters, public health, accidents during production and social security. The four types of risks are called as public safety issues by the government of China. New risk factors are the ones that are connected to human discoveries and more attention to them, which is called locking risk. What is more, such risk factors will continue to emerge with the development of human society. Currently, traditional risk factors have not been eliminated, while new risks have emerged gradually. There are countless relations between new risks and global climatic changes. Therefore, figuring out the relationship between new risks, global climatic changes as well as natural disasters is of great importance. This study takes China as an example. The population data at county level in China in 1991, 2000 and 2009 (including rural population, urban population and total population of three) were selected. By calculating the urbanization rate of the population, the rate of urbanization at county level in China in three years was drawn. And it is superimposed with the disaster zoning in China to analyze the correlation between population changes and natural disasters and reveal the magnitude of disaster effects caused by population urbanization. It can provide the basis for the disaster chain risk assessment under the gnidanee of the regional law of China's natural disaster chain and lay the foundation for the study of the relationship between new risk factors and traditional risk factors. So, risks governance can be perfectly combined with developing the green economy during the development of human society, and ultimately, the goal of harmony between human and nature can be achieved. 展开更多
关键词 Traditional risk factors new risk factors overlay analysis population urbanization risk assessment.
下载PDF
上一页 1 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部