腹腔镜辅助胃修补术治疗急性胃穿孔的临床效果及其对炎性-应激因子、胃肠激素水平的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助胃修补术治疗急性胃穿孔的临床效果及其对炎性-应激因子、胃肠激素水平的影响。方法将62例急性胃穿孔患者按手术方法不同分为观察组(n=31)与对照组(n=31)。观察组采用腹腔镜辅助胃修补术,对照组采用开腹修补术。比较2组手术相关指标及术后胃动力恢复情况、疼痛情况(VAS评分)、并发症发生情况,观察2组治疗前后胃肠激素[胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MOT)、生长抑素(SS)]、炎性因子[超敏-C蛋白反应(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)]、应激因子[多巴胺(DA)、肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)]水平的变化。结果观察组住院时间,术中出血量,手术时间及术后并发症发生率、VAS评分、肛门排气时间、排便时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、hs-CRP水平、IL-6水平、PCT水平、DA水平、NE水平、5-HT水平较对照组显著减少(P<0.05),术后GAS、MOT、SS水平较对照组显著增加(P<0.05);2组术后引流管拔管时间相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与开腹修补术相比,腹腔镜辅助胃修补术治疗急性胃穿孔能减轻炎性应激反应,缓解疼痛,改善胃肠功能,促进恢复。

Antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in rats: modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway

Objective To investigate the antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix;PR)aqueous extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression rat models and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control;model;low dose of PR(PR-L;0.5 g/kg);high dose of PR(PR-H;1 g/kg);and fluoxetine(10 mg/kg)groups;with 8 rats in each group.Except for the rats in control group;those in the other four groups underwent CUMS-induced depression modeling.PR and fluoxetine were administered intragastrically once daily;30 min prior to the CUMS procedure;for 14 consecu-tive days until the behavioral tests were performed.After CUMS modeling;the sucrose prefer-ence test(SPT);open field test(OFT);novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT);forced swim test(FST);and tail suspension test(TST)were employed to assess the pharmacological ef-fects of PR on the mitigation of depressive-like behaviors in rat models.Additionally;the en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α;interleukin(IL)-6;and IL-1βin the rats.Western blot analysis was al-so conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB);in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS);cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3);apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase recruitment domain(ASC);and caspase-1 in the hippocampal tissues of the rats.Immunofluorescence staining was per-formed to observe the morphological changes in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 positive(Iba-1+)cells in the dentate gyrus(DG)of rats with CUMS-induced depression.Results(i)Treatment with PR-H and fluoxetine resulted in significant enhancements in both the total distance and time the rats moved during tests(P<0.01 and P<0.05;respectively).Post-administration of PR-H and fluoxetine also led to statistically significant increase in su-crose preference among rats(P<0.05).Besides;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine treatment markedly decreased the latency of ingestion(P<0.05;P<0.05;and P<0.01;respectively).As observed from the FST;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine presented antidepressant effects on rats with CUMS-induced depression;leading to the reduction in time of their immobility(P<0.05;P<0.01;and P<0.01;respectively).The results of TST indicated reduced immobility time in rats receiving PR-H and fluoxetine treatment as well(P<0.01).(ii)Rats in model group showed an increase in the levels of Iba-1+microglia in their left and right brains in compari-son with control group(P<0.01).However;such increase was negated post PR treatment(P<0.01).Treatment with PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine considerably reduced the levels of inflam-matory factors(TNF-α;IL-1β;and IL-6;P<0.01).In addition;treatment of PR-L and PR-H ef-fectively counteracted the elevated levels of NLRP3;ASC;and caspase-1;and markedly down-regulated the expression levels of phosphorylated p65(p-p65);COX-2;and iNOS in rats’hip-pocampus(P<0.01).Conclusion Collectively;these findings indicate that PR exerts an antidepressant effect on rats with CUMS-induced depression partially through the modulation of the NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.