有机性挥发物在肺癌组织和癌细胞株中的检测和分析

目的:通过检测肺癌组织与肺癌细胞株代谢过程中产生的挥发性有机化合物(volatileorganic compounds,VOCs),寻找肺癌特征性的气体标记物,为呼吸气体检测在肺癌早期诊断中的应用提供实验依据。方法:利用固相微萃取联合气相色谱质谱联用技术(solid-phase microextractionand gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy,SPME-GCMS)检测18例原发性肺癌患者的手术标本及A549、NCI-H446、SK-MES-1、BEAS-2B 4种细胞株培养液顶空气体中的VOCs,从中筛选与肺癌相关的特征性VOCs组分。结果:2-十五烷酮和十九烷在肺癌细胞株A549、NCI-H446、SK-MES-1中均有表达,2-十五烷酮的表达量分别为(1.382±0.171)×10-5mg/L、(1.681±0.190)×10-4mg/L和(2.835±0.401)×10-6mg/L;十九烷的表达量分别为(8.382±0.606)×10-6mg/L、(1.845±0.130)×10-5mg/L和(6.220±0.362)×10-6mg/L;二十烷在肺癌细胞株A549和NCI-H446中有表达,表达量分别为(8.313±1.130)×10-6mg/L、(1.020±0.141)×10-5mg/L;而此3种VOCs在对照组BEAS-2B中无表达。在18例肺癌组织中,癸烷、2-十五烷酮、十九烷、二十烷等12种VOCs高表达,其中2-十五烷酮的表达量为5.421×10-6mg/L^3.621×10-5mg/L,十九烷为5.805×10-6mg/L^1.830×10-5mg/L,二十烷为2.730×10-6mg/L^2.343×10-5mg/L;其表达水平与肿瘤分化程度无关(P>0.05)。二十烷在非鳞癌中的表达高于鳞癌,此结果与肺癌细胞株的表达情况相符。结论:2-十五烷酮、十九烷、二十烷、癸烷等12种VOCs在肺癌组织中高表达,其中2-十五烷酮、十九烷、二十烷与肺癌细胞株结果相符,提示上述物质可能为肺癌潜在的特征性标志物。

New Insight into the Development of Oxygen Carrier Materials for Chemical Looping Systems

Chemical looping combustion （CLC） and chemical looping reforming （CLR） are innovative technologies for clean and efficient hydrocarbon conversion into power, fuels, and chemicals through cyclic redox reac- tions. Metal oxide materials play an essential role in the chemical looping redox processes. During reduc- tion, the oxygen carriers donate the required amount of oxygen ions for hydrocarbon conversion and product synthesis. In the oxidation step, the depleted metal oxide oxygen carriers are replenished with molecular oxygen from the air while heat is released. In recent years, there have been significant advances in oxygen carrier materials for various chemical looping applications. Among these metal oxide materials, iron-based oxygen carriers are attractive due to their high oxygen-carrying capacity, cost ben- efits, and versatility in applications for chemical looping reactions. Their reactivity can also be enhanced via structural design and modification. This review discusses recent advances in the development of oxy- gen carrier materials and the mechanisms of hydrocarbon conversion over these materials. These advances will facilitate the development of oxygen carrier materials for more efficient chemical looping technology applications.