This article aims to study the history of scientific investigations in China in the nineteenth century,made by Russian scientists who ranged in status and position including official agents,the directors of the Russia...This article aims to study the history of scientific investigations in China in the nineteenth century,made by Russian scientists who ranged in status and position including official agents,the directors of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory in Beijing,the members of the Russian Orthodox Mission(ROM),and others.The article gives a detailed analysis of the unique expeditions of H.Fritsche(1839–1913),director of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory in Beijing,and Archimandrite Palladius(1817–1878),head of the ROM to the northeast part of China.During those expeditions,existing maps were corrected and new maps were made.The article also covers the history of natural science investigations,made by other members of missions,doctors,and attached persons.This article employs sources from Russian archives(Saint Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences,Russian State Historical Archive,Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire),which were rarely used by the scientific community,and adopts an empirical approach based on objectivity and historicism to the sources and research.展开更多
文摘This article aims to study the history of scientific investigations in China in the nineteenth century,made by Russian scientists who ranged in status and position including official agents,the directors of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory in Beijing,the members of the Russian Orthodox Mission(ROM),and others.The article gives a detailed analysis of the unique expeditions of H.Fritsche(1839–1913),director of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory in Beijing,and Archimandrite Palladius(1817–1878),head of the ROM to the northeast part of China.During those expeditions,existing maps were corrected and new maps were made.The article also covers the history of natural science investigations,made by other members of missions,doctors,and attached persons.This article employs sources from Russian archives(Saint Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences,Russian State Historical Archive,Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire),which were rarely used by the scientific community,and adopts an empirical approach based on objectivity and historicism to the sources and research.
