In terms of the common practice of professional grading and loose-leaf purchasing technology, the advantages of these technologies were demonstrated. The problems and proposals of the professional grading leaves purch...In terms of the common practice of professional grading and loose-leaf purchasing technology, the advantages of these technologies were demonstrated. The problems and proposals of the professional grading leaves purchasing model were also summarized and analyzed, so as to provide practical experiences for fur- ther promotion of loose-leaf purchasing.展开更多
To investigate the effects of long term tobacco-rice continuous cropping on soil nutrients and flue-cured tobacco leaf yield and quality, the soils of different con- tinuous cropping years were selected in tobacco-ric...To investigate the effects of long term tobacco-rice continuous cropping on soil nutrients and flue-cured tobacco leaf yield and quality, the soils of different con- tinuous cropping years were selected in tobacco-rice multiple system of Hengyang. Some important indexes, including pH, contents of organic matter and available nu- trients of N P K, contents of medium trace elements of soil samples, and contents of main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco samples were detected for fur- ther analyzing. The results showed that pH value of moderate continuous cropping soil（≤7 years） was more coordinated, in addition, leaf yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were contained, and the sugar-nicotine ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio were proper. However, under long-term continuous cropping （≥10 years） condition, the soil became acidification, and yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco de- clined. It was suggested that improving soil quality by planting green manure or keeping fallow after continuous cropping 7 years in tobacco-rice system.展开更多
The research analyzed advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of tobacco production in Chenzhou and proposed a middIe and Iong-term objective for tobacco production, as weI as protection measures, providi...The research analyzed advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of tobacco production in Chenzhou and proposed a middIe and Iong-term objective for tobacco production, as weI as protection measures, providing refer-ences for transformation, innovation and spanning deveIopment.展开更多
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences...This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences of these elements on chemical composition and aroma components in tobacco leaves. Results showed that there were certain relationship between contents of nutrient elements in tobacco-planting soils and contents of corresponding elements in tobacco leaves; various elements exhibited different influences on the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the actual situation of nutrient contents in soils from different tobaccoproducing areas, contents of various elements in tobacco leaves should be regulated by soil fertilization and foliar spraying, thereby improving the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.展开更多
The appearance quality, physical properties, chemical components and sensory quality of 69 flue-cured tobacco leaf samples from 6 counties of Fuzhou City in 2013 were analyzed and evaluated, and were compared with tho...The appearance quality, physical properties, chemical components and sensory quality of 69 flue-cured tobacco leaf samples from 6 counties of Fuzhou City in 2013 were analyzed and evaluated, and were compared with those in southeast area of China. The results showed that the flue-cured tobacco leaves in Fuzhou in 2013 had better hygroscopicity, toughness and filling ability, as well as suitable dragging force. However, some of the tobacco leaves were slightly thin, and had relatively high stem ratio. The tobacco leaves in Fuzhou had higher potassium content, lower starch content, and higher potassium to chlorine ratio. The middle tobacco leaves had better coordination of chemical components and general sensory quality（medium to medium-super level）. Most upper and middle flue-cured tobacco leaf samples had medium-super aroma quality, relatively sufficient aroma quantity,and relatively concentrated smoke; while the lower flue-cured tobacco leaves had little aroma quantity and insufficient smoke. The appearance quality score of lower tobacco leaf samples in Fuzhou in 2013 was slightly lower than that in southeastand whole China. The scores of maturity and leaf structure of middle tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were equivalent to those in southeast China and the national averages.The upper leaves in Fuzhou obtained an equivalent score in oil content and slightly lower scores in other indexes as compared with those in southeast China.The middle-lower tobacco leaves in Fuzhou had better hygroscopicity and toughness compared with those in southeastand whole China. The total alkaloid content per plant andreducing sugar content and potassium content in the middle and lower parts were higher than those in southeast and whole China. However, the scores of coordination of chemical components of lower and upper tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were slightly lower than those in southeast and whole China. The sensory quality of the 3 parts of tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were similar to that in southeast and whole China, but the score of consistency of upper tobacco leaves in Fuzhou was slightly higher.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to construct the internal motivation of flued-cured tobacco natural aging. [Method] The variation of DNA copies of Bacillus megaterium, amylase activity, PPO, peroxydase and content of starch, ...[Objective] The aim was to construct the internal motivation of flued-cured tobacco natural aging. [Method] The variation of DNA copies of Bacillus megaterium, amylase activity, PPO, peroxydase and content of starch, neutro-protein, polyphenol in different aging period were investigated using Henan flue-cured tobacco leaves. [Result] Results showed that the DNA copies of Bacillus megaterium increased initially but decreased subsequently with the aging time. The DNA copies of Bacillus per gram of tobacco leaf surface reached the maximum number at 6 months aging. The activities of four enzymes showed the same variation trend as in DNA copies, and also reached the highest level at 6 months aging. Chemical ingredients, however, displayed a downward trend. The variation of enzyme activity and content of chemical composition were reflected in the changes of DNA copies in Bacillus megaterium. [Conclusion] The result indicate that Bacillus megaterium was the internal motivation of flue-cured tobacco natural aging.展开更多
Based on existing problems of loose leaf acquisition,some measures can be taken,including improvement of acquisition infrastructure,innovation of acquisition and management models,reinforcement of professional service...Based on existing problems of loose leaf acquisition,some measures can be taken,including improvement of acquisition infrastructure,innovation of acquisition and management models,reinforcement of professional services and training,high-lighting grading management,which would not only reduce farmers＇ efforts,but also lower storage pressure,as well as improving grading quality of tobacco leaf.展开更多
In order to overcome the problem that the leaf yellowing stage in tobacco curing reduces the fragrance of the product, this study introduced the principle and key parameters of a three-stage six-step curing technology...In order to overcome the problem that the leaf yellowing stage in tobacco curing reduces the fragrance of the product, this study introduced the principle and key parameters of a three-stage six-step curing technology. The field trail was conducted in Wulong county of Chongqing city in 2010, and Virginia K326 was the tested cultivar. The middle leaves were harvested and plaited after maturity, and then cured with the three-stage six-step curing technology and traditional three-stage curing technology, respectively. Three replicates were established for each of the two curing technologies. Then, chemical constituents, aromatic substances and smoking quality were analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional three-stage curing technology, the three-stage six-step curing technology produces more suitable ratios of chemical constituents, higher aromatic component content and higher smoking quality grade of tobacco leaves. Therefore, the continuous improvement of corollary equipment and matching technologies is expected to widen the applications of the three-stage six-step curing technology in tobacco and provide a strong technical support for the development of the tobacco industry.展开更多
In order to find out the main nutrient content of tobacco planting soil and the changing characteristics of tobacco quality in Linli County,the sampling survey data of tobacco planting soil samples in Linli in 2000 an...In order to find out the main nutrient content of tobacco planting soil and the changing characteristics of tobacco quality in Linli County,the sampling survey data of tobacco planting soil samples in Linli in 2000 and 2015,and the main chemical components,appearances and sensory qualities and physical indexes of B2F and C3F tobacco leaves from 2000 to 2015 were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that:the available phosphorus increased by 6.10%per year and the pH value of tobacco planting soil increased in a small range year by year,the organic matter content decreased year by year,the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen showed a downward trend,and the water-soluble chlorine showed a rapid downward trend;the soil fertility index(SFI)was at the"high"level;in 2000—2015,the quality of tobacco leaf was relatively stable and the quality was good.In Linli tobacco planting area,the application of nitrogen control,phosphorus reduction and chlorine supplement and increase of organic matter could help us achieve the goal of high quality and efficiency of tobacco production.展开更多
Yunyan 97 was selected as the raw material. The effects of removing different number （0, 2, 3 and 4） of lower leaves on root activity, chlorophyll content, physiological features and contents of neutral aroma consti...Yunyan 97 was selected as the raw material. The effects of removing different number （0, 2, 3 and 4） of lower leaves on root activity, chlorophyll content, physiological features and contents of neutral aroma constituents in the flue-cured tobacco were analyzed. The results showed that the removal of lower leaves could significantly increase the root activity, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and transpiration rate （Tr）, and delay the photosynthetic functional decline. Such effects were the greatest in lower leaves, followed by middle leaves and upper leaves. Moreover, the degree of the effects increased with higher number of leaves removed. After She lower leaves were removed, the water use efficiency （WUE） of leaves in the first 10 d became higher with more leaves removed. In the later periods （24 d, 38 d）, WUE decreased with more leaves removed. For the middle and upper leaves, the removal of three leaves （T2） and two leaves （T1） resulted in the highest contents of aroma constituents, respectively. For the tobaccos cultured in soil with moderate fertility under the experimental conditions, the appropriate number of lower leaves removed should be 2-3.展开更多
文摘In terms of the common practice of professional grading and loose-leaf purchasing technology, the advantages of these technologies were demonstrated. The problems and proposals of the professional grading leaves purchasing model were also summarized and analyzed, so as to provide practical experiences for fur- ther promotion of loose-leaf purchasing.
基金Supported by Improvement Mechanism and Application of Soil Quality by Succession Planting and Reclamation in Tobacco Field(14-16ZDAa01)
文摘To investigate the effects of long term tobacco-rice continuous cropping on soil nutrients and flue-cured tobacco leaf yield and quality, the soils of different con- tinuous cropping years were selected in tobacco-rice multiple system of Hengyang. Some important indexes, including pH, contents of organic matter and available nu- trients of N P K, contents of medium trace elements of soil samples, and contents of main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco samples were detected for fur- ther analyzing. The results showed that pH value of moderate continuous cropping soil（≤7 years） was more coordinated, in addition, leaf yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were contained, and the sugar-nicotine ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio were proper. However, under long-term continuous cropping （≥10 years） condition, the soil became acidification, and yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco de- clined. It was suggested that improving soil quality by planting green manure or keeping fallow after continuous cropping 7 years in tobacco-rice system.
基金Supported by Special Foundation from Hunan Finance for Agriculture([2011]10)~~
文摘The research analyzed advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of tobacco production in Chenzhou and proposed a middIe and Iong-term objective for tobacco production, as weI as protection measures, providing refer-ences for transformation, innovation and spanning deveIopment.
文摘This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences of these elements on chemical composition and aroma components in tobacco leaves. Results showed that there were certain relationship between contents of nutrient elements in tobacco-planting soils and contents of corresponding elements in tobacco leaves; various elements exhibited different influences on the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the actual situation of nutrient contents in soils from different tobaccoproducing areas, contents of various elements in tobacco leaves should be regulated by soil fertilization and foliar spraying, thereby improving the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company(201301009)~~
文摘The appearance quality, physical properties, chemical components and sensory quality of 69 flue-cured tobacco leaf samples from 6 counties of Fuzhou City in 2013 were analyzed and evaluated, and were compared with those in southeast area of China. The results showed that the flue-cured tobacco leaves in Fuzhou in 2013 had better hygroscopicity, toughness and filling ability, as well as suitable dragging force. However, some of the tobacco leaves were slightly thin, and had relatively high stem ratio. The tobacco leaves in Fuzhou had higher potassium content, lower starch content, and higher potassium to chlorine ratio. The middle tobacco leaves had better coordination of chemical components and general sensory quality（medium to medium-super level）. Most upper and middle flue-cured tobacco leaf samples had medium-super aroma quality, relatively sufficient aroma quantity,and relatively concentrated smoke; while the lower flue-cured tobacco leaves had little aroma quantity and insufficient smoke. The appearance quality score of lower tobacco leaf samples in Fuzhou in 2013 was slightly lower than that in southeastand whole China. The scores of maturity and leaf structure of middle tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were equivalent to those in southeast China and the national averages.The upper leaves in Fuzhou obtained an equivalent score in oil content and slightly lower scores in other indexes as compared with those in southeast China.The middle-lower tobacco leaves in Fuzhou had better hygroscopicity and toughness compared with those in southeastand whole China. The total alkaloid content per plant andreducing sugar content and potassium content in the middle and lower parts were higher than those in southeast and whole China. However, the scores of coordination of chemical components of lower and upper tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were slightly lower than those in southeast and whole China. The sensory quality of the 3 parts of tobacco leaves in Fuzhou were similar to that in southeast and whole China, but the score of consistency of upper tobacco leaves in Fuzhou was slightly higher.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to construct the internal motivation of flued-cured tobacco natural aging. [Method] The variation of DNA copies of Bacillus megaterium, amylase activity, PPO, peroxydase and content of starch, neutro-protein, polyphenol in different aging period were investigated using Henan flue-cured tobacco leaves. [Result] Results showed that the DNA copies of Bacillus megaterium increased initially but decreased subsequently with the aging time. The DNA copies of Bacillus per gram of tobacco leaf surface reached the maximum number at 6 months aging. The activities of four enzymes showed the same variation trend as in DNA copies, and also reached the highest level at 6 months aging. Chemical ingredients, however, displayed a downward trend. The variation of enzyme activity and content of chemical composition were reflected in the changes of DNA copies in Bacillus megaterium. [Conclusion] The result indicate that Bacillus megaterium was the internal motivation of flue-cured tobacco natural aging.
文摘Based on existing problems of loose leaf acquisition,some measures can be taken,including improvement of acquisition infrastructure,innovation of acquisition and management models,reinforcement of professional services and training,high-lighting grading management,which would not only reduce farmers＇ efforts,but also lower storage pressure,as well as improving grading quality of tobacco leaf.
文摘In order to overcome the problem that the leaf yellowing stage in tobacco curing reduces the fragrance of the product, this study introduced the principle and key parameters of a three-stage six-step curing technology. The field trail was conducted in Wulong county of Chongqing city in 2010, and Virginia K326 was the tested cultivar. The middle leaves were harvested and plaited after maturity, and then cured with the three-stage six-step curing technology and traditional three-stage curing technology, respectively. Three replicates were established for each of the two curing technologies. Then, chemical constituents, aromatic substances and smoking quality were analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional three-stage curing technology, the three-stage six-step curing technology produces more suitable ratios of chemical constituents, higher aromatic component content and higher smoking quality grade of tobacco leaves. Therefore, the continuous improvement of corollary equipment and matching technologies is expected to widen the applications of the three-stage six-step curing technology in tobacco and provide a strong technical support for the development of the tobacco industry.
文摘In order to find out the main nutrient content of tobacco planting soil and the changing characteristics of tobacco quality in Linli County,the sampling survey data of tobacco planting soil samples in Linli in 2000 and 2015,and the main chemical components,appearances and sensory qualities and physical indexes of B2F and C3F tobacco leaves from 2000 to 2015 were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that:the available phosphorus increased by 6.10%per year and the pH value of tobacco planting soil increased in a small range year by year,the organic matter content decreased year by year,the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen showed a downward trend,and the water-soluble chlorine showed a rapid downward trend;the soil fertility index(SFI)was at the"high"level;in 2000—2015,the quality of tobacco leaf was relatively stable and the quality was good.In Linli tobacco planting area,the application of nitrogen control,phosphorus reduction and chlorine supplement and increase of organic matter could help us achieve the goal of high quality and efficiency of tobacco production.
文摘Yunyan 97 was selected as the raw material. The effects of removing different number （0, 2, 3 and 4） of lower leaves on root activity, chlorophyll content, physiological features and contents of neutral aroma constituents in the flue-cured tobacco were analyzed. The results showed that the removal of lower leaves could significantly increase the root activity, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and transpiration rate （Tr）, and delay the photosynthetic functional decline. Such effects were the greatest in lower leaves, followed by middle leaves and upper leaves. Moreover, the degree of the effects increased with higher number of leaves removed. After She lower leaves were removed, the water use efficiency （WUE） of leaves in the first 10 d became higher with more leaves removed. In the later periods （24 d, 38 d）, WUE decreased with more leaves removed. For the middle and upper leaves, the removal of three leaves （T2） and two leaves （T1） resulted in the highest contents of aroma constituents, respectively. For the tobaccos cultured in soil with moderate fertility under the experimental conditions, the appropriate number of lower leaves removed should be 2-3.
