我国建筑防火性能化设计的研究和应用现状

回顾近10年特别是“十五”以来我国建筑防火性能化设计的研究和应用概况。介绍性能化防火设计在我国引入、吸收和创新的发展历程;通过国内外对比分析,介绍在火灾场景设计、烟气流动与控制、人员安全疏散等方面取得的研究进展;结合我国当前消防安全管理体制,探讨实施性能化防火设计应关注的应用范围、执行流程以及设计资质等几个问题;并从火灾科学和消防安全工程学的基础理论、性能化防火设计的方法与工具、设计规范与技术标准等几方面探讨我国建筑防火性能化设计的发展思路。

A study on the characterization of smoke movement in shafts with different fire source positions

In this study,experimental and numerical simulation methods were combined to simulate the changing course of the temperature and velocity fields in nine different fire scenes. The characteristics of smoke movement in shafts with different fire source position factors(h/H) were quantitatively investigated,and the non-dimensional fitting function between the fire source position factors and the maximum temperature was deduced. The results showed that the location of the neutral plane moved upward as the fire source rose,and all the generated smoke spread to the upper areas;however,there was barely any smoke in the lower areas. The maximum temperature was inversely proportional to the fire source position factor;the higher the source position is,i.e. the higher the ratio factor is,the lower the maximum temperature is in the shaft. The experimental verification of the fire dynamics simulator(FDS) showed good results.