不同起垄方式与钾肥施用方法对烤烟中性致香物质含量的影响

为了给优质高香气烟叶生产提供技术支撑,以河南南阳烤烟为试材,共设5个处理:①常规栽培方式(CK);②平栽二次培土成垄,钾肥作基肥1次施入;③平栽二次培土成垄,钾肥分次施用(钾肥60%作基肥,20%于团棵期追施,20%于园顶期追施);④低起垄二次培土成垄,钾肥作基肥1次施入;⑤低起垄二次培土成垄,钾肥分次施用(钾肥60%作基肥,20%于团棵期追施,20%于园顶期追施),研究起垄方式和钾肥使用方法对烟叶内中性致香物质含量的影响。结果表明:(1)培土成垄和钾肥分次施用可以使烟叶中性致香物质总量增加,各处理烟叶中类胡萝卜素类、苯丙氨酸类、棕色化产物、新植二烯等致香物质含量均较对照有很大提高,其中以处理⑤最高,其致香物质总量达到了2 042.25μg/g。(2)钾肥施用方法相同,低起垄培土成垄处理的烟叶中性致香物质总量高于平栽培土成垄处理;起垄方式相同,钾肥分次施用对致香物质总量的影响大于钾肥作基肥1次施入。综合分析认为,各处理对烤烟烟叶内中性致香物质含量的影响由大到小依次为处理⑤>处理③>处理④>处理②>处理①。

Regression Analysis of Nutrient Elements between Soil and Tobacco Leaves and Their Influences on Aroma Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences of these elements on chemical composition and aroma components in tobacco leaves. Results showed that there were certain relationship between contents of nutrient elements in tobacco-planting soils and contents of corresponding elements in tobacco leaves; various elements exhibited different influences on the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the actual situation of nutrient contents in soils from different tobaccoproducing areas, contents of various elements in tobacco leaves should be regulated by soil fertilization and foliar spraying, thereby improving the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.