When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fu...When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fundamental thermodynamic principle, the relationships of mole numbers, molar fractions, thermodynamic properties, partial molar properties, potential and fugacity between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were derived. The hypothetical elemental solution provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.展开更多
Based on the concept of “element” and the fundamental thermodynamic principle,the relationships of the residual properties,the property changes of mixing,excess properties,fugacity coefficients and activity coeffici...Based on the concept of “element” and the fundamental thermodynamic principle,the relationships of the residual properties,the property changes of mixing,excess properties,fugacity coefficients and activity coefficients between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were established.The hypothetical solution of elemental species provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.展开更多
The single hot thermocouple technique （SHTT） and high temperature equilibrium technique were combined to investigate the phase diagram of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%AlzO3-TiO2 system. The 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ liquidus line...The single hot thermocouple technique （SHTT） and high temperature equilibrium technique were combined to investigate the phase diagram of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%AlzO3-TiO2 system. The 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ liquidus lines are calculated according to the thermodynamic equations based on the pseudo-melting temperatures measured by the single hot thermocouple technique. The phase equilibria relationships are experimentally determined at 1400 ℃ using the high temperature equilibria technique followed by X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX） analysis. The liquid phase（L）, melilite solid solution phase （（C2MSz,C2AS）ss）, diopside phase（CMS2） and perovskite phase （CaO·TiO2） are found. Coupled with the liquidus lines and equilibria results, the phase diagram is constructed for the specified region of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%Al2O3-TiO2 system.展开更多
Many by-products are generated in the process of oxidizing cyclohexene to produce 1,2-epoxycyclohexane by hydrogen peroxide, including cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, etc. To obtain high-purity 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, the ...Many by-products are generated in the process of oxidizing cyclohexene to produce 1,2-epoxycyclohexane by hydrogen peroxide, including cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, etc. To obtain high-purity 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, the by-products must be removed through rectification. Refining 1,2-epoxycyclohexane through rectification requires vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE) data of the related system. Therefore, the VLE data of 1,2-epoxycyclohexane- cyc-lohexanone system were measured at 101.3 kPa using an improved EC-2 VLE still. The thermodynamic consistency of the data was then tested by Herington's method and the rigorous point-to-point method. The results obtained were exemplary. The VLE data were correlated by the Wilson and non-random two-liquid(NRTL) equations, using the error sum squares of the vapor composition as the objective function to obtain the model parameters. The difference between the calculated values and the experimental data is minor, indicating that the VLE data are suitable for engineering design.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29976035) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang and Fujian Province.
文摘When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fundamental thermodynamic principle, the relationships of mole numbers, molar fractions, thermodynamic properties, partial molar properties, potential and fugacity between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were derived. The hypothetical elemental solution provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29976035) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No. B9810011).
文摘Based on the concept of “element” and the fundamental thermodynamic principle,the relationships of the residual properties,the property changes of mixing,excess properties,fugacity coefficients and activity coefficients between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were established.The hypothetical solution of elemental species provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.
基金Projects(51104039,51374059,51304042)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(L2013114)supported by Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department,China+1 种基金Project(2012221013)supported by Programs of Liaoning Province for Science and Technology Development,ChinaProject(N130602002)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities China
文摘The single hot thermocouple technique （SHTT） and high temperature equilibrium technique were combined to investigate the phase diagram of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%AlzO3-TiO2 system. The 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ liquidus lines are calculated according to the thermodynamic equations based on the pseudo-melting temperatures measured by the single hot thermocouple technique. The phase equilibria relationships are experimentally determined at 1400 ℃ using the high temperature equilibria technique followed by X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX） analysis. The liquid phase（L）, melilite solid solution phase （（C2MSz,C2AS）ss）, diopside phase（CMS2） and perovskite phase （CaO·TiO2） are found. Coupled with the liquidus lines and equilibria results, the phase diagram is constructed for the specified region of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%Al2O3-TiO2 system.
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technology Project of Henan Province(132102210050)
文摘Many by-products are generated in the process of oxidizing cyclohexene to produce 1,2-epoxycyclohexane by hydrogen peroxide, including cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, etc. To obtain high-purity 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, the by-products must be removed through rectification. Refining 1,2-epoxycyclohexane through rectification requires vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE) data of the related system. Therefore, the VLE data of 1,2-epoxycyclohexane- cyc-lohexanone system were measured at 101.3 kPa using an improved EC-2 VLE still. The thermodynamic consistency of the data was then tested by Herington's method and the rigorous point-to-point method. The results obtained were exemplary. The VLE data were correlated by the Wilson and non-random two-liquid(NRTL) equations, using the error sum squares of the vapor composition as the objective function to obtain the model parameters. The difference between the calculated values and the experimental data is minor, indicating that the VLE data are suitable for engineering design.
