The thermodynamics in zinc hydrometallurgical process was studied using a chemical equilibrium modeling code（GEMS） to predict the zinc solubility and construct the species distribution and predominance diagrams for ...The thermodynamics in zinc hydrometallurgical process was studied using a chemical equilibrium modeling code（GEMS） to predict the zinc solubility and construct the species distribution and predominance diagrams for the Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-H2O and Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O system.The zinc solubilities in ammoniacal solutions were also measured with equilibrium experiments,which agree well with the predicted values.The distribution and predominance diagrams show that ammine and hydroxyl ammine complexes are the main aqueous Zn species,Zn（NH3）24-is predominant in weak alkaline solution for both Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-H2O and Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O systems.In Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O system,the ternary complexes containing ammonia and chloride increase the zinc solubility in neutral solution.There are three zinc compounds,Zn（OH）2,Zn（OH）1.6Cl0.4 and Zn（NH3）2Cl2,on which the zinc solubility depends,according to the total ammonia,chloride and zinc concentration.These thermodynamic diagrams show the effects of ammonia,chloride and zinc concentration on the zinc solubility,which can provide thermodynamic references for the zinc hydrometallurgy.展开更多
The mathematical topological rule was proposed to plot the predominance area diagram.Based on the phase rules,the components of In-S-O system were analyzed and the coexisting points of three condensed phases were dete...The mathematical topological rule was proposed to plot the predominance area diagram.Based on the phase rules,the components of In-S-O system were analyzed and the coexisting points of three condensed phases were determined.Combined with the topological rules and thermody namic calculation,four relation diagrams between the coexisting points of three condensed phases,which were denoted as α,β stable plane-topological diagram and unstable plane-topological diagram,were plotted for the In-S-O system.The results show that α stable plane topological diagram is in accordance with the predominance area diagram of In-S-O system plotted by traditional methods,which indicates that the new method is feasible to plot the predominance area diagram of In-S-O system.Meanwhile,β unstable plane-topological diagram can be used to elucidate the indium production with the bath smelting process.展开更多
基金Project(74142000023) supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University,ChinaProject(2012M521547) supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(721500452) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The thermodynamics in zinc hydrometallurgical process was studied using a chemical equilibrium modeling code（GEMS） to predict the zinc solubility and construct the species distribution and predominance diagrams for the Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-H2O and Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O system.The zinc solubilities in ammoniacal solutions were also measured with equilibrium experiments,which agree well with the predicted values.The distribution and predominance diagrams show that ammine and hydroxyl ammine complexes are the main aqueous Zn species,Zn（NH3）24-is predominant in weak alkaline solution for both Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-H2O and Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O systems.In Zn（Ⅱ）-NH3-Cl--H2O system,the ternary complexes containing ammonia and chloride increase the zinc solubility in neutral solution.There are three zinc compounds,Zn（OH）2,Zn（OH）1.6Cl0.4 and Zn（NH3）2Cl2,on which the zinc solubility depends,according to the total ammonia,chloride and zinc concentration.These thermodynamic diagrams show the effects of ammonia,chloride and zinc concentration on the zinc solubility,which can provide thermodynamic references for the zinc hydrometallurgy.
基金Project(2011AA061003)supported by the High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘The mathematical topological rule was proposed to plot the predominance area diagram.Based on the phase rules,the components of In-S-O system were analyzed and the coexisting points of three condensed phases were determined.Combined with the topological rules and thermody namic calculation,four relation diagrams between the coexisting points of three condensed phases,which were denoted as α,β stable plane-topological diagram and unstable plane-topological diagram,were plotted for the In-S-O system.The results show that α stable plane topological diagram is in accordance with the predominance area diagram of In-S-O system plotted by traditional methods,which indicates that the new method is feasible to plot the predominance area diagram of In-S-O system.Meanwhile,β unstable plane-topological diagram can be used to elucidate the indium production with the bath smelting process.
