熔盐热析出反应金属化Si_3N_4与Si_3N_4的连接

在采用熔盐热析出反应在Si3N4陶瓷表面沉积钛金属膜的基础上，对CuAg合金在金属化表面的润湿性进行了研究，结果表明，CuAg合金能对采用该方法金属化的Si3N4陶瓷实现良好润湿．在此基础上，成功实现了钛金属化Si3N4陶瓷与Si3N4陶瓷的连接并对连接工艺进行了系统研究．连接界面的TEM研究发现，界面上广泛存在Ti-Cu－Si-N相并对这种相对连接强度的影响进行了讨论．

热析-混凝-气浮工艺处理胶管废水工程实践

基于废水中的污染物在热态、碱性和一定硬度的情况下,从水中析出的特点,探究了温度、pH和硬度对处理效果的影响。在此基础上,提出了"热析+混凝+气浮"处理工艺,并进行了设计和调试。实际运行结果表明,在水温在65～70℃、出水pH值在7.5～8.5和MgSO4用量在40～65 mg/L范围内的情况下,对析出的污染物进行混凝,再经过涡凹气浮对高温废水中的絮体稳定、高效的分离,CODCr和TP的最低去除率分别为89.4%和90.3%,各项指标完全达到设计要求。

旋转式热析炉简介

旋转式热析炉简介合肥铝厂周文中环保和资源再生利用是当今世界普遍关注的两大课题，尤其是废铝料的再生利用，更有极大的潜力。随着科技进步，铝材的应用领域不断拓宽，其用量也迅速增加，有资料表明，今后５年内全世界用铝量将比现在大幅度提高。铝资源虽然很丰富，但从...

飞碟研究冷热析

飞碟研究冷热析孙凤武飞碟问题在中国公开引发，从１９７８年开始至今已１８年，其间冷冷热热、热热冷冷。什么是飞碟研究的“冷热”？就是社会公众对飞碟现象的关注程度、飞碟研究的兴旺程度、新闻媒介报道飞碟的频数等等的综合情况。目前可以说是处于一个飞碟“冷”的时...

补中益气汤联合高通量血液透析治疗透析后低热20例

目的了解补中益气汤联合高通量血液透析治疗透析后低热的疗效。方法 20例患者均给予高通量血液透析,采用治疗前后对比。结果治疗后明显优于治疗前,说明中西医结合方法疗效好。

利血平治疗透析热57例临床分析

目的：探讨透析热的临床特点和治疗方法。方法：将持续非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）中发生透析热62例随机分成两组，治疗组32例用利血平，对照组30例用头孢拉定。结果：利血平治疗透析热32例，体温均降至正常．有效率为100％，头孢拉定治疗透析热5例体温降至正常，有效率为17％（P＜0．01）；25例无效者再用利血平1疗程，体温均降至正常。结论：利血平治疗透析热的效果，明显优于头孢拉定。

300 MW直接空冷汽轮机高背压供热改造浅析

火力发电是煤炭资源最高效的利用形式之一。然而,受环境条件和热力学基本规律的约束,燃煤火力发电的能源转换和利用效率仅能达到40%左右。直接空冷汽轮机的乏汽余热回收可有效降低电厂散热损失,提高电厂整体热效率。回收汽轮机乏汽余热后将极大提高电厂的供热能力。文章介绍300MW直接空冷汽轮机高背压供热的改造方案。

Operation optimization of prefabricated light modular radiant heating system:Thermal resistance analysis and numerical study

The utilization of prefabricated light modular radiant heating system has demonstrated significant increases in heat transfer efficiency and energy conservation capabilities.Within prefabricated building construction,this new heating method presents an opportunity for the development of comprehensive facilities.The parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of such a system are the upper surface layer’s heat flux and temperature.In this paper,thermal resistance analysis calculation based on a simplified model for this unique radiant heating system analysis is presented with the heat transfer mechanism’s evaluation.The results obtained from thermal resistance analysis calculation and numerical simulation indicate that the thermal resistance analysis method is highly accurate with temperature discrepancies ranging from 0.44℃ to−0.44℃ and a heat flux discrepancy of less than 7.54%,which can meet the requirements of practical engineering applications,suggesting a foundation for the prefabricated radiant heating system.

Experimental investigation of vibration pretreatment-microwave curing process for carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites

The vibration pretreatment-microwave curing process is an efficient,low energy consumption,and high-quality out-of-autoclave curing process for carbon fiber resin matrix composites.This study aims to investigate the impact of vibration pretreatment temperature on the fiber weight content,microscopic morphology and mechanical properties of the composite laminates by using optical digital microscopy,universal tensile testing machine and thermo-gravimetric analyzer.Additionally,the combined mode of Bragg fiber grating sensor and temperature measurement fiber was employed to explore the effect of vibration pretreatment on the strain process during microwave curing.The study results revealed that the change in vibration pretreatment temperature had a slight impact on the fiber weight content when the vibration acceleration remained constant.The metallographic and interlaminar strength of the specimen formed at a vibration pretreatment temperature of 80℃ demonstrated a porosity of 0.414% and a 10.69% decrease in interlaminar shear strength compared to autoclave curing.Moreover,the introduction of the vibration energy field during the microwave curing process led to a significant reduction in residual strain in both the 0°and 90°fiber directions,when the laminate was cooled to 60℃.

Corrosion behavior of 2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloys in different thermomechanical conditions by quasi-in-situ analysis

As a promising material in the aircraft industry,2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloy exhibits high corrosion susceptibility that may limit its application.In the present work,to illustrate the influences of precipitate and grain-stored energy on localized corrosion evolution in 2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloy,cold working and artificial aging were carried out to produce 2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloys under different thermomechanical conditions.Quasi-in-situ analysis,traditional immersion test and electrochemical measurement were then conducted to examine the corrosion behavior of 2A97 alloys.It is revealed that precipitate significantly affects Cu enrichment at corrosion fronts,which determines corrosion susceptibility of alloys,whereas grain-stored energy distribution is closely associated with localized corrosion propagation.It is also indicated that quasi-in-situ analysis exhibits a consistent corrosion evolution with traditional immersion tests,which is regarded as a proper method to explore localized corrosion mechanisms by providing local microstructural information with enhanced time and spatial resolutions.

Numerical Analysis of Explosion Characteristics of Vent Gas From 18650 LiFePO_(4) Batteries With Different States of Charge

The combustion and explosion characteristics of lithium-ion battery vent gas is a key factor in determining the fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries.Investigating the combustion and explosion hazards of lithium-ion batteries vent gas can provide guidance for rescue and protection in explosion accidents in energy storage stations and new energy vehicles,thereby promoting the application and development of lithium-ion batteries.Based on this understanding and combined with previous research on gas production from lithium-ion batteries,this article conducted a study on the combustion and explosion risks of vent gas from thermal runaway of 18650 LFP batteries with different states of charge(SOCs).The explosion limit of mixed gases affected by carbon dioxide inert gas is calculated through the“elimination”method,and the Chemkin-Pro software is used to numerically simulate the laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature of the battery vent gas.And the concentration of free radicals and sensitivity coefficients of major elementary reactions in the system are analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the combustion explosion hazard of battery vent gas.The study found that the 100%SOC battery has the lowest explosion limit of the vent gas.The inhibitory elementary reaction sensitivity coefficient in the reaction system is lower and the concentration of free radicals is higher.Therefore,it has the maximum laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature.The combustion and explosion hazard of battery vent gas increases with the increase of SOC,and the risk of explosion is the greatest and most harmful when SOC reaches 100%.However,the related hazards decrease to varying degrees with overcharging of the battery.This article provides a feasible method for analyzing the combustion mechanism of vent gas from lithium-ion batteries,revealing the impact of SOC on the hazardousness of battery vent gas.It provides references for the safety of storage and transportation of lithium-ion batteries,safety protection of energy storage stations,and the selection of related fire extinguishing agents.

Design and Fabrication of Flexible Thermoelectric String-Based Fabrics

Flexible thermoelectric(TE)materials that convert heat into electricity have been widely used in wearable electronics and other flexible devices.In this work,inorganic TE pillars were combined with thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)to assemble a flexible string-shaped TE generator(TEG)for the fabrication of the thermoelectric fabric(TEF).Moreover,finite element analysis(FEA)was used to optimize the dimensions of the TE string and evaluate its performance.The FEA results showed that the inter-pillar spacing significantly affected the temperature difference,the output voltage and the internal resistance.A maximum power density of 3.43μW/cm^(2)(temperate gradientΔT=10.5 K)was achieved by the TE string with a diameter of 3.5 mm and an inter-pillar spacing of 2 mm.However,under the experimental condition,the achievable power density of the fabricated three-dimensional(3D)TEF was limited to 29%of the simulation result because of the inclination of the TE string within the fabric concerning heat plate contact and copper wire-TE pillar connections.The actual TE string also demonstrated high flexibility and stable mechanical properties after 450 bending cycles.Thus,the study would provide a foundation for future research in developing more efficient TEFs to offer a comfortable and conformable option for wearable energy harvesting applications.

红外梯度折射率GeS_(2)-In^(2)S_(3)-CsCl硫系微晶玻璃制备与性能研究

梯度折射率红外成像系统可在保持成像性能的基础上,极大降低系统的尺寸、质量和成本,有望推进红外成像系统向轻小型发展。然而,目前没有可用的红外梯度折射率光学材料。本文基于65GeS_(2)-25In_(2)S_(3)-10CsCl硫系玻璃,利用梯度温度场热诱导析出轴向梯度分布的β-In_(2)S_(3)纳米晶体,制得梯度折射率透明硫系微晶玻璃。结果表明:析出的β-In_(2)S_(3)晶体为不同晶面取向纳米晶组成的多晶结构,尺寸约为25 nm,且晶体尺寸、数量与梯度温度场密切相关;制得的梯度折射率硫系微晶玻璃仍保持良好的长波红外透过率,且其10μm处最大折射率差Δn达0.047。

基于液相色谱-串联质谱技术鉴定药物靶标的研究进展

药物靶标是指细胞、组织或器官的特殊结构,它能与药物相互作用,促使药物发挥疗效。全面识别药物靶标对了解药物的作用机制及其潜在的副作用至关重要。目前,应用广泛的药物靶标识别和鉴定技术,如基于活性的蛋白质分析(activity-based protein profiling,ABPP)、以化合物为中心的化学蛋白质组学(compound-centric chemical proteomics,CCCP),需要对化合物小分子进行修饰,这可能会降低甚至改变药物分子的活性。因此,无需对药物分子进行化学修饰的技术,如药物亲和反应的靶标稳定(drug affinity responsive target stability,DARTS)、细胞热位移分析(cellular thermal shift assay,CETSA)和热蛋白质组分析(thermal proteome profiling,TPP),逐渐成为药物靶标研究的重要手段。液相色谱-串联质谱技术是鉴定药物靶标蛋白的重要工具。本文综述了基于液相色谱-串联质谱技术的药物靶标研究方法的应用,并对药物靶标鉴定技术的未来发展进行了展望。

通氨提纯氯化铵转化法制取硫酸钾新工艺研究

介绍了通氨盐析硫酸铵钾提纯氯化铵转化法制取硫酸钾的新工艺。精制硫酸钾母液Ⅱ和粗品氯化铵母液Ⅳ混合加热,与氯化钾和热析硫酸铵钾一起反应制取粗品硫酸钾,再与氯化钾反应得到含51.27%氧化钾的硫酸钾;分离粗硫酸钾后的母液Ⅰ与硫酸铵和通氨盐析硫酸铵钾一起高温反应,分离热析硫酸铵钾的母液,经蒸发一定水后,冷却制取粗氯化铵;由贫氨母液溶解粗氯化铵后,经通氨盐析硫酸铵钾分离的母液进行蒸氨后冷却析出含33.35%铵根、64.01%氯离子、0.5%氧化钾的氯化铵。整个工艺过程闭路循环,氧化钾回收率达96.5%~97.5%。

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 Mg alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 Mg alloy were investigated under different solution treatments and artificial aging conditions. When as-cast ZK60 alloy was solution treated at 400 ℃for 10 h and artificially aged at 150 ℃, the volume fraction of precipitates increased with the aging time up to 30 h. When the as-cast ZK60 alloy was solution treated at 400 ℃ for 10 h and artificially aged at 200 ℃ for 15 20 h, the volume fraction of precipitates reached a peak value. Tensile test at room temperature showed that a high density of the second phase precipitates was beneficial to improving the strength and elongation. Solution treatment at 400 ℃ for 10 h and artificial aging at 150 ℃ for 30 h is considered the optimum heat treatment condition to obtain a good combination of strength and ductility.

Microstructure and properties of Cu-2.3Fe-0.03P alloy during thermomechanical treatments

A short process without solution treatment was developed to manufacture Cu-2.3Fe-0.03 P alloy strips. After hot rolling-quenching and cold rolling with 80% reduction, the alloy exhibited excellent resistance to recrystallization softening. The hardness and electrical conductivity of Cu-Fe-P alloy under different thermomechanical treatments were measured by hardness tester and double bridge tester, respectively, and the microstructure of the alloy was examined by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the finished product of Cu-2.3Fe-0.03 P alloy was strengthened by work hardening, while the Fe precipitates with the size of about 25 nm stabilized the cold rolled structure. The conductivity decreased during cold rolling, especially for the pre-aged specimens, because the fine precipitates with the size smaller than 5 nm re-dissolved easily into the matrix. A Cu-Fe-P alloy with an electrical conductivity of 66% IACS and a hardness of HV 134 can be gained.

Effect of cooling rate on solidification parameters and microstructure of A1-7Si-0.3Mg-0.15Fe alloy

The effects of cooling rate on the solidification parameters and microstructure of Al-7Si-0.3Mg-0.15 Fe alloy during solidification process were studied.To obtain different cooling rates,the step casting with five different thicknesses was used and the cooling rates and solidification parameters were determined by computer-aided thermal analysis method.The results show that at higher cooling rates,the primary α（Al） dendrite nucleation temperature,eutectic reaction temperature and solidus temperature shift to lower temperatures.Besides,with increasing cooling rate from 0.19 ℃/s up to 6.25 ℃/s,the secondary dendritic arm spacing decreases from 68 μm to 20 μm,and the primary dendritic volume fraction declines by approximately 5%.In addition,it reduces the length of Fe-bearing phase from 28 μm to 18 μm with a better uniform distribution.It is also found that high cooling rates make for modifying eutectic silicon into fibrous branched morphology,and decreasing block or lamella shape eutectic silicon.

Thermal analysis for brake disks of SiC/6061 Al alloy co-continuous composite for CRH3 during emergency braking considering airflow cooling

The mass of high-speed trains can be reduced using the brake disk prepared with SiC network ceramic frame reinforced 6061 aluminum alloy composite （SiCn/Al）. The thermal and stress analyses of SiCn/Al brake disk during emergency braking at a speed of 300 km/h considering airflow cooling were investigated using finite element （FE） and computational fluid dynamics （CFD） methods. All three modes of heat transfer （conduction, convection and radiation） were analyzed along with the design features of the brake assembly and their interfaces. The results suggested that the higher convection coefficients achieved with airflow cooling will not only reduce the maximum temperature in the braking but also reduce the thermal gradients, since heat will be removed faster from hotter parts of the disk. Airflow cooling should be effective to reduce the risk of hot spot formation and disc thermal distortion. The highest temperature after emergency braking was 461 °C and 359 °C without and with considering airflow cooling, respectively. The equivalent stress could reach 269 MPa and 164 MPa without and with considering airflow cooling, respectively. However, the maximum surface stress may exceed the material yield strength during an emergency braking, which may cause a plastic damage accumulation in a brake disk without cooling. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental results well.

Influence of cooling rate on solidification behavior of sand-cast Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy

The effect of the cooling rate ranging from 1.4 °C/s to 3.5 °C/s on the solidification behavior of the sand-cast Mg?10Gd?3Y?0.4Zr alloy was studied by computer aided cooling curve analysis (CA-CCA). With the increase in cooling rate, the nucleation temperature (Tα,N) increases from 634.8 °C to 636.3 °C, the minimum temperature (Tα,Min) decreases from 631.9 °C to 630.7 °C, the nucleation undercooling (ΔTN) increases from 2.9 °C to 5.6 °C, the beginning temperature of the eutectic reaction (Teut,N) increases, the time of the eutectic reaction shortens, solidus temperature decreases from 546.0 °C to 541.4 °C, and solidification temperature range (ΔTS) increases by 6.1 °C. The increased nucleation rate (N&) is supposed to be the main reason for the increased?TN. Increased value (Teut,N?Teut,G) and shortened time of the eutectic reaction cause the change in the volume fraction and morphology of the second phase.