萋-尼抗酸染色冷染法与热染法结果比较分析

目的比较萋-尼抗酸染色(简称Z-N染色)冷染法与热染法查找抗酸杆菌的差异,探讨萋-尼抗酸染色冷染法的应用价值。方法选取2017年1~12月衢州市人民医院确诊为肺结核患者的痰标本355份,每份痰标本涂6张涂片。室温下干燥后于5 s内穿过酒精灯火焰上方4次固定。其中冷染法3张涂片滴加含有1% Triton X-100石碳酸复红染液,置室温5 min、15 min、30 min后分别用流水缓慢冲去染色液;再滴加5%盐酸酒精脱色1~3 min,用水缓慢冲洗;最后用碱性美兰复染1 min,用水缓慢冲洗;干燥后,用油镜观察。热染法3张涂片滴加不含1% Triton X-100石碳酸复红染液,然后加热到微微冒热气,分别放置5 min、15 min、30 min后用流水缓慢冲去染色液;其余步骤操作同冷染法。比较两种方法抗酸杆菌的阳性检出率、褪色速度等方面的差异。结果 355份痰标本冷染法5 min、15 min、30 min阳性率分别为29.57%、32.68%、32.68%,平均阳性率为31.64%;355份痰标本热染法5 min、15 min、30 min阳性率分别为32.96%、32.68%和32.96%,平均阳性率为32.87%;经统计,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两种方法的阳性片褪色速度结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在萋-尼抗酸染色初染液石碳酸复红中加入表面活性剂Triton X-100,能改变分枝杆菌细胞壁的通透性,促进染料进入分枝杆菌的菌体。抗酸杆菌阳性检出率和阳性片的褪色速度与传统的热染法比较,差异均无统计学意义。与传统热染法比较,操作简单并避免了有害气体污染环境,是一种值得推广的方法。

KE型活性染料热染针织物的研究

活性染料是50年代开发的新型染料。近年来,随着科学技术的进步,无论从染料合成还是应用方面都在不断地更新与发展。从纤维素纤维的染色对于活性染料日益增长的需要,可以看出这类染料的重要性。活性染料品种繁多,而染色工艺是根据染料的性质,主要是其直接性与反应性来区分的。1.直接性系指染料在电解质(如盐)存在下被纤维所吸附的量(即上染率),不等于在纤维上的固着量,与反应性无关。直接性的高低取决于染料母体分于结构。大致分为三级,见图1。

抗酸染色冷染法和热染法查找痰中结核杆菌效果比较

目的比较结核病痰检实验室用冷染法(初染时不加热直接静置)和热染法(初染时直接加热)抗酸染色查找结核杆菌的差异。方法对2008年1月31日-2009年9月30日的811份阳性痰标本和1 050份阴性痰标片,每份标本涂2张涂片,初染时1张用冷染法,1张用加热法进行抗酸染色,对2张涂片染色结果进行比较。结果同一份痰标本在取痰的部位、痰膜的厚薄、痰膜的大小几乎一致的情况下,冷染法和热染法的检测结果两者间差异无统计学意义(χ2阴性涂片=0.31,χ2阳性涂片=0.20,P均>0.05)。结论冷染法在简化操作步骤,减少染液用量及对环境保护上均优于热染法。

卷取温度对热轧TRIP钢残奥及力学性能的影响

为了研究卷取温度对热轧TRIP钢的残余奥氏体和力学性能的影响,使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、x-射线衍射、拉伸实验等方法对三种卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢进行分析.结果显示,随着卷取温度的降低,残余奥氏体晶粒尺寸变小,残奥体积分数和碳的质量分数也变小.450℃和400℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的残奥形貌的圆整性相差不大,而350℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的残奥形貌较圆整.热轧TRIP钢的力学性能随着卷取温度的降低表现为高的屈服强度和低伸长率,450℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的综合力学性能最优.

渗氮层深度检验方法对比

本文采用金相法、硬度法、热染法、淬火法以及能谱仪测量5种方法对21CrMoVA、25Cr2MoVA、38CrMoAlA、X20Cr13材料渗层深度进行测定。结果表明:金相法、热染法、淬火法、能谱仪测量与硬度法测量的结果差别不大,其中能谱仪测量的结果总体来说与硬度法(仲裁方法)的差值最小。

彩色金相在鉴别显微组织中的应用

以W18Cr4V淬火、W18Cr4V 五元共渗、T12退火、45钢油淬为研究对象进行彩色显示.结果表明,彩色金相不仅鲜艳美观、衬度和清晰度高,而且弥补了黑白金相的不足,其鉴别组织准确可靠,拓宽了光学显微镜的使用范围,是金相测试技术的发展方向之一.

利用黑白金相设备开展彩色金相检验的探讨

介绍了利用金相实验室原有的设备进行彩色金相检验的方法。

Determination on Biological Characteristics of Nematode Rhabditis(Oscheius)sp.

[ Objective] The study was aimed to determine the biological characteristics of Rhabditis （Oscheius） sp. isolated from a rhizosphere soil of alfalfa field in Hailar City, Hulunbuir League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. [ Method] The last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor were used as insect hosts. The infectivity of nematode was determined, and its heat tolerance ability was measured by using water bath method. [Result] The infectivity of the nematodes was lower at the dosages of 10, 20 and 40 IJs/larva, but higher at the dosages of 80,160, 32.0 and 640 IJs/larva. The corrected mortality （CM） of G. mellonella at 96 h and T. molitor at 120 h were both above 90%. The nematode infectivity was highest at the dosage of 80 IJs/larva when the hosts＇ CM reached 100% after 120 h. About 25% nematode individuals could survive in 36℃ water bath for 2 d in the densities of 1 000 -5 000 IJ/ml, after 6 d, there were still 3% -9% individuals survived, until 9 d the nematodes died totally. A hundred percent of the nematode individuals died in 38℃ and 40 ~C water bath after 6 h and 2 h, respectively. [Conclusion] Rhabditis （ O. ） sp. has a higher potential to cause the host mortality and represents heat tolerance up to 36℃.

Arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and its bioactivity for gene delivery

In order to further improve the transfection efficiency of hydroxyapatite nanoparticle （HAp）, arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite （HAp/Arg） was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. The morphology, crystallite size and zeta potential of the HAp/Arg were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and zeta potential analyzer. The loading and protecting properties of HAp/Arg to DNA were tested by electrophoresis. Its cytotoxicity was also measured in Hela cells and HAEC cells by MTT and LDH, and its transfection efficiency was examined by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The results reveal that HAp/Arg is short rod-like and nano single crystal, the mean diameter is 50-90 nm and zeta potential is 35.8 mV at pH 7.4. HAp/Arg to DNA can be condensed by electrostatic effect and protect DNA against degradation in DNase I, and shows high transfection efficiency without cytotoxicity. These results suggest that HAp/Arg can be a promising alternative as a novel gene delivery system.

Remote impacts from the tropical Indian Ocean on haze pollution in January over the Yangtze River Delta

Haze events in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region have recently been occurring more frequently and with dramatic damages inflicted on human and ecosystem health.In this study,observational analyses and numerical experiments are used to investigate the meteorological conditions associated with haze pollution,with the main emphasis on the impacts of the preceding sea surface temperature(SST)in the tropical Indian Ocean(TIO).The results show that the December SST in the TIO has a significant positive correlation with the number of haze days in January over the YRD,especially during 1999–2017.In December,the positive SST anomalies in the TIO heat the overlying air,and then in the following January provoke a Matsuno–Gill-like pattern and a series of Rossby wave–like trains in the upper troposphere,transmitting signals to the YRD and downstream through the Sea of Japan and Aleutian Islands.The cyclonic anomalies in the YRD seem to significantly weaken the East Asian jet stream by means of anomalous easterlies,and subsequently affect the climate in the region.Near the surface,the increased surface air temperature and southerly winds,along with the decreased surface wind speed,accompanied by influences from upstream areas,are conducive to the occurrence of haze.These observational results were also reproduced well in CESM-LE simulations.

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study. Compared with conventional dyeing, the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant, respectively. The influence of low temperature dyeing aceelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study. The results show that adding dyeing accelerant ran heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake, dyeing rate constants, diffusion coefficients, and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes. Furthermore, the partition coefficient, the standard affinity, and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85℃.

Chromosome Behavior of Heat Shock Induced Triploid in Fenneropenaeus Chinensis

Triploidy was induced in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis by 30±0.5℃heat shock treatment (initiated at 20 min after fertilization) for 10 min to inhibit the release of PB2 at 18.0℃. The highest triploid rate obtained was 84.5% in nauplius stage. The effect of heat shock treatment on meiosis and cleavage of eggs was investigated in this work aimed to establish efficient procedures for triploid induction and to gain understanding of the mechanism of triploid production. Three pronuclei that could be observed in the treated eggs under fluorescence microscope developed into triploid embryos. Some abnormal chromosome behavior was observed in heat shocked eggs.

Canine Distemper Virus Utilizes Different Receptors to Infect Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Vero cells

Inducing animal viruses to adapt to chicken embryos or chicken embryo fibroblasts(CEF) is a common method to develop attenuated live vaccines with full security.Canine distemper virus(CDV) also does this,but the mechanisms and particular receptors remain unclear.Virus overlay protein blot assays were carried out on CEF membrane proteins,which were extracted respectively with a Mem-PER TM kit,a radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer or a modified co-immunoprecipitation method,and revealed a common 57 kDa positive band that differed from the 42-kDa positive band in Vero cells and also from those receptors reported in lymphocytes and 293 cells,indicating a receptor diversity of CDV and the possibility of the 57-kDa protein acting as a receptor that is involved in adaptive infection of CDV Kunming strain to CEF.

Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Associated with Acute Pancreatitis

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a systemic infectious disease caused by Hantaviruses and characterized by fevers, bleeding tendencies, gastrointestinal symptoms and renal failure. It encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from unapparent or mild illnesses to fulminant hemorrhagic processes. Among the various complications of HFRS, acute pancreatitis is a rare find. In this report, based on clinical data, laboratory and radiologic examination findings, we describe a clinical case, with HFRS from Dobrava virus, associated with acute pancreatitis. The patient was successfully treated by supportive management. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of HFRS when examining patients with epidemiological data and symptoms of acute pancreatitis.

CoFe_2O_4/CdS nanocomposite:Preparation,characterisation,and application in sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye pollutants

A magnetic CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite was prepared via one-step hydrothermal decomposition of cadmium diethanoldithiocarbamate complex on the surface of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles at a low temperature of 200 ℃.The nanocomposite was characterised by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDX）,UV-visible spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,N2 gas sorption analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）,and vibrating sample magnetometry.The FT-IR,XRD,EDX and XPS results confirmed the formation of the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite.Based on the TEM analysis,the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite constituted nearly uniform,sphere-like nanoparticles of ～20 nm in size.The optical absorption spectrum of the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite displayed a band gap of 2.21 e V,which made it a suitable candidate for application in sono/photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.Accordingly,the sonocatalytic activity of the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite was evaluated towards the H2O2-assisted degradation of methylene blue,rhodamine B,and methyl orange under ultrasonic irradiation.The nanocomposite displayed excellent sonocatalytic activity towards the degradation of all dyes examined—the dyes were completely decomposed within 5–9 min.Furthermore,a comparison study revealed that the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite is a more efficient sonocatalyst than pure Cd S;thus,adopting the nanocomposite approach is an excellent means to improve the sonoactivity of Cd S.Moreover,the magnetic properties displayed by the CoFe2O4/Cd S nanocomposite allow easy retrieval of the catalyst from the reaction mixture for subsequent uses.

Remaining Phosphorus Estimate Through Multiple Regression Analysis

The remaining phosphorus (Prem), P concentration that remains in solution after shaking soil with 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl2 containing 60μg mL-1 P, is a very useful index for studies related to the chemistry of variable charge soils. Although the Prem determination is a simple procedure, the possibility of estimating accurate values of this index from easily and/or routinely determined soil properties can be very useful for practical purposes. The present research evaluated the Prem estimation through multiple regression analysis in which routinely determined soil chemical data, soil clay content and soil pH measured in 1 mol L-1 NaF (pHNaF) figured as Prem predictor variables. The Prem can be estimated with acceptable accuracy using the above-mentioned approach, and pHNaF not only substitutes for clay content as a predictor variable but also confers more accuracy to the Prem estimates.

Highly efficient UV-visible-infrared photothermocatalytic removal of ethyl acetate over a nanocomposite of CeO_(2) and Ce-doped manganese oxide

A unique nanocomposite of CeO_(2)nanoparticles and Ce-doped manganese oxide nanofibers having a crystalline cryptomelane-type octahedral molecular sieve(KMn_(8)O_(16)·nH_(2)O,abbreviated as OMS-2)structure(denoted CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2)was prepared by the reaction of Ce(NO_(3))3 and KMnO_(4)at 90°C.CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2 shows extremely high photothermocatalytic activity,very low selectivity for acetaldehyde(an unfavorable byproduct),and excellent durability for ethyl acetate removal under UV-visible-infrared(UV-vis-IR)irradiation.In striking contrast,pure CeO_(2),pure OMS-2,and TiO_(2)(P25)showed much lower photothermocatalytic activities and higher selectivities for acetaldehyde.The CO_(2)production rate within the first five minutes(r CO2)of reaction with CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2 was as high as 1102.5μmol g-1 min-1,which is 137,17,and 30-times higher than those of pure CeO_(2),pure OMS-2,and TiO_(2)(P25),respectively.CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2 also shows good photothermocatalytic activity under vis-IR(λ>420 or 560 nm)irradiation.Further,even under vis-IR(λ>830 nm)irradiation,efficient photothermocatalytic activity was achieved.In addition,the catalytic activity of CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2 is far superior to those of pure CeO_(2)and OMS-2,which is attributed to the fact that Ce doping significantly improves the lattice oxygen activity of OMS-2.The high photothermocatalytic activity of CeO_(2)-CeOMS-2 arises from the synergy between the photocatalytic effect of the CeO_(2)nanoparticles and light-driven thermocatalysis of the Ce-doped OMS-2.The novel photoactivation of Ce-doped OMS-2,which is unlike that of conventional photocatalysis on semiconductor photocatalysts,further promotes the catalytic activity because the surface oxygen activity of Ce-doped OMS-2 is promoted upon UV-vis-IR or vis-IR(λ>560 nm)irradiation.