In order to effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil during steam injection, a catalyst system, consisting of reservoir minerals, nickel sulfate, and formic acid, was used to exert catalytic effect on aquathermol...In order to effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil during steam injection, a catalyst system, consisting of reservoir minerals, nickel sulfate, and formic acid, was used to exert catalytic effect on aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil extracted from the Liaohe oilfield. Experimental results indicated that all the reservoir minerals used in the experiment had catalytic effect on aquathermolysis and the oil viscosity reduction rate ranged from 24% to 36% after the aquathermolysis reaction. If nickel sulfate was used as the catalyst and added to the reaction system, the oil viscosity reduction rate could reach 50%. If formic acid was used as the hydrogen donor, the oil viscosity reduction rate could increase further, and could reach up to 71.8%. The aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil under steam injection condition was affected by the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the dosage of minerals, the catalyst concentration, and the hydrogen donor. The experimental results showed that minerals, catalyst and hydrogen donor could work together to enhance aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil in the presence of the high-temperature water vapor.展开更多
A simplified one-dimensional transient model for biomass pyrolysis in a fixed bed cylindrical reactor has been formulated and experiments have been carded out to verify the calculation results regarding temperature di...A simplified one-dimensional transient model for biomass pyrolysis in a fixed bed cylindrical reactor has been formulated and experiments have been carded out to verify the calculation results regarding temperature distribu- tion. The mathematical model accounts for mass, momentum and heat transfer, including moisture evaporation and convection of pyrolysis gases. Numerical simulation has allowed to predict temperature and heat flux distri- bution, and the dynamics of feedstock devolatilization. Special attention has been devoted to the analysis of the effect of biomass moisture content on the pyrolysis process. The model of moisture vaporization in biomass bed was proposed, which included structure of surface of biomass particles. Assuming that vaporization occurs on the border of the dry and wet areas of the bed, the flux of water vaporization depends on the specific surface area of the particles and overall heat flux.展开更多
基金the financial supports from National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs:Enhancing oil displacement efficiency during steamfloods(fund No.2008ZX05012-001)
文摘In order to effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil during steam injection, a catalyst system, consisting of reservoir minerals, nickel sulfate, and formic acid, was used to exert catalytic effect on aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil extracted from the Liaohe oilfield. Experimental results indicated that all the reservoir minerals used in the experiment had catalytic effect on aquathermolysis and the oil viscosity reduction rate ranged from 24% to 36% after the aquathermolysis reaction. If nickel sulfate was used as the catalyst and added to the reaction system, the oil viscosity reduction rate could reach 50%. If formic acid was used as the hydrogen donor, the oil viscosity reduction rate could increase further, and could reach up to 71.8%. The aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil under steam injection condition was affected by the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the dosage of minerals, the catalyst concentration, and the hydrogen donor. The experimental results showed that minerals, catalyst and hydrogen donor could work together to enhance aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil in the presence of the high-temperature water vapor.
基金partially financed from the project "Agro-energy complexes as an example of dispersed co- generation based on local renewable energy sources" (POIG.01.01.02-00-016/08) within the framework of Programme "Innowacyjna Gospodarka 2007-2013"
文摘A simplified one-dimensional transient model for biomass pyrolysis in a fixed bed cylindrical reactor has been formulated and experiments have been carded out to verify the calculation results regarding temperature distribu- tion. The mathematical model accounts for mass, momentum and heat transfer, including moisture evaporation and convection of pyrolysis gases. Numerical simulation has allowed to predict temperature and heat flux distri- bution, and the dynamics of feedstock devolatilization. Special attention has been devoted to the analysis of the effect of biomass moisture content on the pyrolysis process. The model of moisture vaporization in biomass bed was proposed, which included structure of surface of biomass particles. Assuming that vaporization occurs on the border of the dry and wet areas of the bed, the flux of water vaporization depends on the specific surface area of the particles and overall heat flux.
