空间固废热熔处理水气挥发特性研究

获取空间固废处理过程的废水、废气产生规律是废水净化、废气处理的前提条件。针对载人航天中典型的固体废物,包括食品残渣、舱内工作服和个人用品,开展热熔实验。使用总碳分析仪、离子色谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪等仪器,对不同处理温度和处理时间条件下,废物热熔产生的废水、废气开展研究。结果表明:120~170 ℃时,水回收率随着温度升高而升高;当温度大于150℃时,可以实现85%以上的水回收率。固废热熔产生的废水中TOC含量在120~12031 mg/L,且TOC浓度随温度升高而缓慢增加;固废热熔产生的有机挥发气体随固废种类、温度和时间有显著差别。食品类固废释放的气体污染物种类最多,其次为服装类和个人用品类。随温度升高,固废热熔产生的有机挥发气体相对含量逐渐增加。

热熔处理聚合物光互连波导传输损耗特性

印刷光互连背板技术是解决未来大尺寸、高速板上数据互连的重要方案,在超宽带光通信、大型数据中心和超级计算机等领域具有广阔应用前景。针对互连背板上聚合物光波导低损耗传输的关键问题,提出基于热熔工艺的光波导处理技术以降低其光传输损耗。实验研究表明:在160℃热熔处理温度条件下,实现了光波导传输损耗的降低。基于该技术有望在现有工艺基础上实现光波导传输性能的提升,因此具有重要的实际应用价值。

空间固废热熔压缩稳定成型试验研究

针对复杂空间固废热熔压缩安全稳定成型问题,开展典型空间固废热熔压缩成型试验,研究温度、含水率以及塑料占比对复杂固废热熔压缩的成型特性以及气体释放规律的影响。结果表明:混合空间固废热熔压缩率与压缩荷载符合指数函数关系,在温度为150~180℃、压缩力为0~4 MPa时,随着温度升高,提高压缩力,固废压缩块的压缩率逐渐升高;当固废含水率为10%~40%、塑料占比为5%~30%时,压缩块的压缩率随着含水率的增加呈先上升后下降趋势,且提高塑料占比,有利于热熔压缩块稳定成型。温度对混合固废热熔压缩过程释放的气体组成影响最大,随着温度升高,气体产物中醇类及酮类物质显著增加。空间固废热熔压缩成型最佳参数为温度180℃、含水率20%、塑料占比30%,此条件下空间固废减容率可达81%,且能实现稳定安全存储。

热熔处理对壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇静电纺丝纳米纤维膜力学性能的影响

静电纺丝方法制备的纳米纤维膜的强度主要来源于其纤维间的缠接,因此强度较低。对壳聚糖(CS)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维膜采用了热熔处理的方法,使纳米纤维之间发生热熔,研究了热熔处理对纳米纤维微观结构、力学性能和亲水性能的影响。扫描电镜结果显示,热熔处理后的纳米纤维间出现熔接的现象,同时伴有部分纤维的断裂。力学性能测试表明,热熔处理能够提高纳米纤维膜的力学性能,热熔温度为100℃时,纳米纤维膜的力学性能提升最高。水接触角测试表明,热熔处理会使得纤维结构更为致密,导致其水接触角增大;XRD和FT-IR测试表明,热熔处理在增大纳米纤维膜结晶性的同时,未明显改变纳米纤维膜的化学结构。

High-temperature thermal stability of C/C−ZrC−SiC composites via region labeling method

To investigate the thermal stability of ceramic-matrix composites,three kinds of C/C−ZrC−SiC composites with different Zr/Si molar ratios were synthesized by reactive melt infiltration.Employing region labeling method,the high-temperature thermal stability of the composites was systematically studied by changing the temperature and holding time of thermal treatment.Results show that the mass loss rate of low Si composites has a growth trend with increasing temperature,and a crystal transformation from β-SiC toα-SiC occurs in the composites.In the calibrated area,SiC phase experiences Ostwald ripening and volume change with location migration,while ZrC phase experiences a re-sintering process with diffusion.Moreover,it is found that increasing temperature has a more obvious effect on the thermal stability than extending holding time,which is mainly attributed to the faster diffusion rate of atoms.

Effects of Nucleating Agents on Crystallization of Arc-Molten Slag from Incinerator Fly Ash

Glass-ceramics obtained from the electric arc furnace molten slag of incinerator fly ash was produced by applying nucleation and crystallization through heat treatment process. The effects of nucleating agent （TiO2 and Cr2O3） on the crystallization kinetics and heat treatment schedule of the slag were investigated. The results show that the nucleating agents changed the crystallization phase and morphology of the obtained glass-ceramics. The optimum heat treatment schedule of the glass with TiO2 was determined as nucleation at 952 K for 1.5 h and crystal growth at 1 258 K for 1.5 h, while those values with Cr203 were estimated at 971 K for 2 h and at 1 238 K for 2 h. TiO2 acting as nucleating agent could decrease the activation energy of the slag and shorten the total thermal treatment time in comparison with Cr2O3. The glass-ceramics obtained under the optimum heat treatment condition was environmentfriendly and had remarkable physical/mechanical properties and chemical durability.

SBS卷材防水屋面的施工

近几年来,我公司所承建的SBS高聚物改性沥青卷材防水屋面,通过精心施工和严格管理取得了较好的效果,用户满意。现将具体施工方法介绍如下。

Effect of Heat Treatments on Tribology Property of Ti6Al4V Alloy Under Dry Friction

Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by electron powder bed fusion(EPBF)was separately heat-treated by stress-relief annealing at 600℃,annealing at 800℃,and solid solution at 920℃ for 1 h.Then,the friction and wear tests were conducted on the samples before and after heat treatment to analyze the properties and mechanism of friction and wear behavior.Results show that the sample annealed at 600℃ for 1 h has the optimal wear resistance,and the wear mass loss reduces by 44%.The sample annealed at 800℃ for 1 h possesses the optimal anti-friction performance,and the coefficient of friction reduces by 14%.This research provides a simple heat treatment method to improve the friction and wear resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by EPBF.